Hydrogen from methane in a single-step process

Balasubramanian, Bhaskar; López-Ortíz, Alejandro; Kaytakoğlu, Süleyman; Harrison, Douglas P.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2509(98)00425-4

Cited by 362 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This process is well known as the sorption-enhanced reaction process and has been widely studied by steam methane reforming (Mayorga, et al, 1999;Ding, et al, 2000;Balasubramanian, et al, 1999;Kinoshita, et al, 2003;Yi, et al, 2005;Lee, et al, 2007;Li, et al, 2007;Essaki, et al, 2008;Harrison, 2008). For example, Balasubramanian et al (1999) reported on H 2 production through sorptionenhanced reaction process using a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor containing a reforming catalyst and CaO formed by calcination of high-purity CaCO 3 , the results of which showed that a gas with a hydrogen content up to 95 % (dry basis) could be produced. Essaki et al (2008) studied the effect of equilibrium shift in methane steam reforming by a reactor of 21 mm diameter with a mixture of 10g reforming catalyst and 60g CO 2 sorbent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of such process greatly decreases the CO 2 concentration and increases hydrogen purity. In addition, the capital cost can be reduced as the number of processing steps required for subsequently separating CO 2 is removed (Hufton, et al, 1999;Balasubramanian, et al, 1999;Yi and Harrison, 2005;Harrison, 2008). Some studies also showed that CO 2 sorption enhancement enables the use of a lower reaction temperature, which may reduce energy usage and catalyst sintering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen production by sorption-enhanced steam reforming of glycerol

Dou

Dupont

Rickett

et al. 2009

Bioresource Technology

170

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Catalytic steam reforming of glycerol for H 2 production has been evaluated experimentally in a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor. The experiments were carried out under atmospheric pressure within a temperature range of 400-700C. A commercial Ni-based catalyst and a dolomite sorbent were used for the steam reforming reactions and in-situ CO 2 removal. The product gases were measured by online gas analyzers. The results show that H 2 productivity is greatly increased with increasing temperature and the formation of methane by-product becomes negligible above 500C. The results suggest an optimal temperature of ~500C for the glycerol steam reforming with in-situ CO 2 removal using calcined dolomite as the sorbent, at which the CO 2 breakthrough time is longest and the H 2 purity is highest. The * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 44 -113-3432503; Fax: 44 -113-2467310, v.dupont@leeds.ac.uk. 2 shrinking core-model and the 1D diffusion model describe well the CO 2 removal under the conditions of this work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production by sorption-enhanced steam reforming of glycerol

Dou

Dupont

Rickett

et al. 2009

Bioresource Technology

170

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“…For a typical test of a catalyst/sorbent pellet, which had been calcined previously and had the nickel catalyst reduced to its elemental form and activated, the pellet was placed in the thermogravimetric analyzer and heated to 750°C to ensure that no CaCO 3 or Ca(OH) 2 was present in the core. The temperature of the system was then set for the desired reaction temperature, and the steam and hydrocarbon reactants were introduced at a controlled rate.…”

Section: Experimental Methods and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 A reaction temperature of 350-450°C and an iron oxide/chromium oxide catalyst are employed in the first stage while a temperature of 200-215°C and a copper-zinc oxide catalyst are used in the second stage. The product mixture is subsequently separated by scrubbing it with a solvent for CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Novel Combined Catalyst and Sorbent for Hydrocarbon Reforming

Satrio

Shanks

Wheelock

2005

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A combined catalyst and sorbent was prepared and utilized for steam reforming methane and propane in laboratory-scale systems. The material was prepared in the form of small spherical pellets having a layered structure such that each pellet consisted of a highly reactive lime or dolime core enclosed within a porous but strong protective shell made of alumina in which a nickel catalyst was loaded. The material served two functions by catalyzing the reaction of hydrocarbons with steam to produce hydrogen while simultaneously absorbing carbon dioxide formed by the reaction. The in situ removal of CO 2 shifted the reaction equilibrium toward increased H 2 concentration and production. The concept was proved by using both a thermogravimetric analyzer and a fixed-bed reactor loaded with the material to reform hydrocarbons. Tests conducted with the fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure and with temperatures in the range of 520-650Â°C produced a product containing a large concentration of H 2 (e.g., 94-96 mol %) and small concentration of CO and CO 2. Therefore, the results achieved in a single step were as good as or better than those achieved in a conventional multistep reaction and separation process. A combined catalyst and sorbent was prepared and utilized for steam reforming methane and propane in laboratory-scale systems. The material was prepared in the form of small spherical pellets having a layered structure such that each pellet consisted of a highly reactive lime or dolime core enclosed within a porous but strong protective shell made of alumina in which a nickel catalyst was loaded. The material served two functions by catalyzing the reaction of hydrocarbons with steam to produce hydrogen while simultaneously absorbing carbon dioxide formed by the reaction. The in situ removal of CO 2 shifted the reaction equilibrium toward increased H 2 concentration and production. The concept was proved by using both a thermogravimetric analyzer and a fixed-bed reactor loaded with the material to reform hydrocarbons. Tests conducted with the fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure and with temperatures in the range of 520-650°C produced a product containing a large concentration of H 2 (e.g., 94-96 mol %) and small concentration of CO and CO 2 . Therefore, the results achieved in a single step were as good as or better than those achieved in a conventional multistep reaction and separation process.

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