Hydrodynamic impact of particle shape in slurry packed liquid chromatography columns

Lottes, Florian; Arlt, Wolfgang; Minceva, Mirjana; Stenby, Erling Halfdan

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2009.05.090

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Particle Shape. Spheres have previously been shown to reduce eddy dispersion when compared with irregular particles in randomly packed beds, by homogenizing flow channel size and length 9 . However, it is unknown if this correlation holds for ordered packed beds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spheres have previously been shown to reduce eddy dispersion when compared with irregular particles in randomly packed beds, by homogenizing flow channel size and length. 9 However, it is unknown if this correlation holds for ordered packed beds. To investigate this, octahedral and tetrahedral particles were compared with their spherical counterparts in the SC, BCC, and FCC configurations in each of the defined orientations: [001], [011], and [111] (except FCC octahedra, which do not form permeable flow channels in any orientation).…”

Section: Packed Bed Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6−8 Spherical beads have been shown to have better chromatographic performance when compared to irregular particles in randomly packed beds. 9 This was a result of more homogeneous porosity distribution in packings of spherical particles, which increased the heterogeneity of the random flow channels and reduced eddy dispersion. Comparatively, ordered beds of spherical particles are homogeneous by design and inherently reduce eddy dispersion effects.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Numerical Elucidation of Flow and Dispersion in Ordered Packed Beds: Nonspherical Polygons and the Effect of Particle Overlap on Chromatographic Performance

2019

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Spherical particles are widely considered as the benchmark stationary phase for preparative and analytical chromatography. Although this has proven true for randomly packed beds in the past, we challenge this paradigm for ordered packings, the fabrication of which are now feasible through additive manufacturing (3D printing). Using computational fluid dynamics (Lattice Boltzmann Method) this work shows that non-spherical particles can both reduce mobile-phase band broadening and increase permeability compared with spheres in ordered packed beds. In practice, ordered packed beds can only remain physically stable if the particles are fused to form a contiguous matrix, thus creating a positional overlap at the points of fusion between what would otherwise be discrete particles. Overlap is shown to decrease performance of ordered packed beds in all observed cases, thus we recommend it should be kept to the minimum extent necessary to ensure physical stability. Finally, we introduce a metric to estimate column performance, the mean deviated velocity, a quantitative description of the spread of the velocity field in the column. This metric appears to be a good indicator of mobile-phase dispersion in ordered packed bed media, including overlapped beds and is a useful tool for screening new stationary phase morphologies without having to perform computationally expensive simulations. Recent computational studies have demonstrated that ordered sphere packings can improve chromatographic performance compared with random packing 1,2. This is caused by the homogenous distribution of path lengths along which the mobile phase is transported through ordered media. These theoretical studies are now gaining practical relevance because ordered stationary phases can be fabricated using additive manufacturing technologies or three-dimensional printing 3-5. 3D printing offers a high level of control over the morphology of fabricated micro-structures, thus facilitating the translation of ordered packings from the virtual environment to practical implementation in real chromatographic systems 6-8. Spherical beads have been shown to have better chromatographic performance when compared to irregular particles in randomly packed beds 9. This was a result of more homogenous porosity distribution in packings of spherical particles, which increased the heterogeneity of the random flow channels and reduced eddy dispersion. Comparatively, ordered beds of spherical particles are homogeneous by design and inherently reduce eddy dispersion effects 1,2,10,11. Because ordered packings do not require the homogeneity that spherical particles provide in random packings, we question the superiority of spherical particles in the context of ordered packed beds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Packed Bed Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Elucidation of Flow and Dispersion in Ordered Packed Beds: Nonspherical Polygons and the Effect of Particle Overlap on Chromatographic Performance

2019

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“…However, this conclusion is only valid for columns packed using the conventional slurry-based procedures, which unavoidably produces a random bed of particles regardless of their original shape. In 2009, Lottes et al employed X-ray tomography to show that intra-column homogeneity in a slurry-packed bed is better achieved using regular, spherical particles as opposed to irregular particles [83]. Given that slurry packing has been and still is the standard in column chromatography, resin manufacturers have focused on production methods that deliver the most spherical particles possible and with as homogeneous size as possible (see discussion on particlesize distribution in "Homogeneity" section).…”

Section: Particle Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Stationary Phases with Ordered Morphology: State of the Art and Future Development in Liquid Chromatography

Salmean

Dimartino

2018

Chromatographia

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Stationary phases with precisely ordered morphology have the potential to drastically improve the performance of chromatographic operations, both in the analytical and in the preparative/industrial fields. The recent wave of additive manufacturing, aka 3D printing, gives the unprecedented ability to fabricate such stationary phases and to experimentally prove the theoretical principles of ordered chromatographic beds. The manufacture of highly efficient chromatographic columns is becoming a reality as 3D printers become more affordable and accessible, and their resolution, speed, and material flexibility continue to grow. This brings fresh ideas to the design of chromatographic beds, moving away from stereotypical "packed" beds with spherical particles to bespoke monolithic structures to suit a range of specific applications. This review aims to cover the state of the art of ordered beds for liquid chromatography applications, drawing analogies between the well-established pillar-array columns in two dimensions to their three-dimensional counterparts. The potential use of 3D printing to create entirely new column formats and cartridge designs such as microchip columns will also be discussed. Finally, key opportunities and challenges which remain in the field of 3D-printed chromatography are summarised, with the hope that 3D printed chromatographic columns will soon become the standard.

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“…Focus was on the study of the influence of the dimensionless parameter D c /d p, for stationary phases of different geometry, on the packing structure. All columns were packed in a same way, using packing pressure of 20 bar [26]. By changing the size of the particles to achieve different D c /d p ratios, the influence of the packing structure on the velocity profile and column efficiency could be determined.…”

Section: Determination Of Chromatographic Column Hydrodynamics Paramementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Chromatographic Columns Performances using Computer Tomography and CFD Simulations

Schmidt

Lottes

Minceva

et al. 2011

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

Self Cite

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The flow inside a chromatographic column depends decisively on the packed bed inside. Non-destructive X-ray computed tomography (CT) was applied as a novel measurement technique to visualize the distribution of velocity and axial dispersion coefficients in preparative scale columns. The results show, that spherical particles seem to be more efficient than irregular ones in terms of HETP, which has to be partly a result of the more homogeneous flow profile they induce. The prediction of column performance in dependence of the structure of the packed bed was simulated by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), using a model which besides the hydrodynamics parameters attained by CT also includes adsorption isotherms and mass transfer parameters. The results of the CFD simulation shall help to establish rules for selecting the right adsorption material for a given separation task in advance.

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Hydrodynamic impact of particle shape in slurry packed liquid chromatography columns

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Numerical Elucidation of Flow and Dispersion in Ordered Packed Beds: Nonspherical Polygons and the Effect of Particle Overlap on Chromatographic Performance

Numerical Elucidation of Flow and Dispersion in Ordered Packed Beds: Nonspherical Polygons and the Effect of Particle Overlap on Chromatographic Performance

3D-Printed Stationary Phases with Ordered Morphology: State of the Art and Future Development in Liquid Chromatography

Estimation of Chromatographic Columns Performances using Computer Tomography and CFD Simulations

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