Hydraulic roughness due to submerged, emergent and flexible natural vegetation in a semiarid alluvial channel

Cantalice, José Ramon Barros; Melo, R. O. de; Silva, Yuri Jacques Agra Bezerra da; Filho, Moacyr Cunha; Araújo, Alex Maurício; Vieira, Leonardo Pazzini; Bezerra, Sandro Augusto; Barros, Genival; Singh, Vijay P.

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2014.10.012

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…The relationship between vegetation and sediment retention can be understood only if the vegetation effect on hydraulic roughness, which is the frictional resistance due to the contact of runoff with the vegetation, is characterised, as it is the main process with gravity furthering sediment retention. This effect has been previously investigated (Akram et al, 2014;Cantalice et al, 2015;Cao et al, 2015;Haan et al, 1994;Järvelä, 2002;Temple et al, 1987). The presence of herbaceous vegetation has positive impacts on hydraulic roughness, as it reduces flow velocity and increases backwater depth (Akram et al, 2014;Cantalice et al, 2015;Hussein et al, 2007), thereby increasing sediment retention due to its linear relationship with backwater depth (Dabney et al, 1995;Hussein et al, 2007;Meyer et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…This effect has been previously investigated (Akram et al, 2014;Cantalice et al, 2015;Cao et al, 2015;Haan et al, 1994;Järvelä, 2002;Temple et al, 1987). The presence of herbaceous vegetation has positive impacts on hydraulic roughness, as it reduces flow velocity and increases backwater depth (Akram et al, 2014;Cantalice et al, 2015;Hussein et al, 2007), thereby increasing sediment retention due to its linear relationship with backwater depth (Dabney et al, 1995;Hussein et al, 2007;Meyer et al, 1995). Plant effects on hydraulic roughness are highly variable among species and are difficult to explain without characterisation of all aboveground morphological traits (Cantalice et al, 2015;Cao et al, 2015;Dabney et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The presence of herbaceous vegetation has positive impacts on hydraulic roughness, as it reduces flow velocity and increases backwater depth (Akram et al, 2014;Cantalice et al, 2015;Hussein et al, 2007), thereby increasing sediment retention due to its linear relationship with backwater depth (Dabney et al, 1995;Hussein et al, 2007;Meyer et al, 1995). Plant effects on hydraulic roughness are highly variable among species and are difficult to explain without characterisation of all aboveground morphological traits (Cantalice et al, 2015;Cao et al, 2015;Dabney et al, 1995). The relationship between aboveground plant morphology and hydraulic roughness should be specified to globally understand runoff and soil erosion processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant functional trait effects on runoff to design herbaceous hedges for soil erosion control

Kervroëdan

Armand

Saunier³

et al. 2018

Ecological Engineering

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Vegetation controls concentrated runoff and erosion in the European loess belt by increasing hydraulic roughness and sediment retention. Studies of plant effects on runoff velocity are usually based on a taxonomical characterisation and do not consider the effects of aboveground plant functional traits in attempts to understand soil erosion by water. This trait-based plant study investigates aboveground plant functional trait effects of herbaceous hedges on the hydraulic roughness to understand soil erosion. Eight aboveground functional traits were measured on fourteen indigenous and perennial plant species (caespitose or comprising dry biomass in winter) from northwest Europe with a high morphological variability. For each trait, density-weighted traits were calculated. ACCEPTED VERSION 2 The effects of functional traits and density-weighted traits were examined using a runoff simulator with four discharges. The leaf density and area, as well as density-weighted stem and leaf areas, stem diameter and specific leaf area were positively correlated with the hydraulic roughness. Generalised linear models defined the best combinations of traits and density-weighted traits: (1) leaf density and leaf area, (2) density-weighted leaf area and density-weighted projected stem area, and (3) density-weighted leaf area and densityweighted stem diameter. Moreover, the effects of leaf density, leaf area and densityweighted specific leaf area, varied depending on the discharge. This study is one of the first characterisation of aboveground trait effects on hydraulic roughness and highlights that vegetation with important stem density, diameter and leaf area plays a significant role in minimising soil erosion. The selection of plant species can derive from these plant trait effects to design reconstructed herbaceous hedges to minimise soil erosion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant functional trait effects on runoff to design herbaceous hedges for soil erosion control

Kervroëdan

Armand

Saunier³

et al. 2018

Ecological Engineering

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“…The hydraulic resistance is the force that overland flow experiences on the soil surface and which may be influenced by the frictional drag-over the elements present at the soil surface scale such as residue cover, clods, gravel and standing vegetation (Gilley & Kottwitz, 1995). Indeed, the aboveground biomass of the herbaceous vegetation slows the flow velocity down, creating a backwater area in front of the vegetation where sediments settle as the sediment transport capacity of the flow is reduced (Akram, Yu, Ghadiri, Rose, & Hussein, 2014;Cantalice et al, 2015;Hussein, Yu, Ghadiri, & Rose, 2007). This plant effect can be modelled by the use of hydraulic roughness coefficients, such as Darcy-Weisbach f and the Manning's n (Haan et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait‐based sediment retention and runoff control by herbaceous vegetation in agricultural catchments: A review

et al. 2020

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Soil degradation by concentrated runoff and soil erosion induces major environmental and economic damages, notably in agricultural areas under temperate climates. The use of herbaceous vegetation aims to increase the hydraulic resistance and thus reduce runoff and soil erosion while retaining sediments on site. However, the identification of the most suitable species to mitigate runoff is often specific to a phytogeographical territory and hampered by the intraspecific variability, which reduces the transposition of a solution to other territories and the ability to quantify the effects of the vegetation. Using a plant trait‐based approach allows understanding and characterising the direct effects of the vegetation on runoff and soil erosion mitigation as well as on the sediment retention increase. Here, we review the influence of plant aboveground functional types and traits of herbaceous vegetation on the hydraulic resistance and sediment retention and the contentious effects of the functional diversity on the hydraulic resistance and sediment retention, within agricultural catchments. Using this knowledge, we propose applications of the trait‐based approach to design and manage herbaceous hedges for sediment retention and soil erosion control. This review synthesises recent advances regarding the effects of the functional traits on runoff and sediment retention and defines a trait‐based selection method of the plant species for runoff and soil erosion control.

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“…Hydraulic roughness is defined as frictional resistance due to the contact of runoff with the vegetation [20][21][22][23][24]. Hydraulic roughness of herbaceous vegetation furthers sediment retention by reducing flow velocity; however, it is highly variable depending on the plant species and traits [21,[24][25][26][27][28][29]. A positive relationship between the aboveground biomass and hydraulic roughness was highlighted, as an increase in the biomass productivity would further hydraulic roughness and sediment retention [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Diversity Effects of Vegetation on Runoff to Design Herbaceous Hedges for Sediment Retention

Kervroëdan¹,

Armand²,

Saunier³

et al. 2020

Diversity

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Background: Functional diversity effects on ecosystem processes, like on soil erosion, are not fully understood. Runoff and soil erosion in agricultural landscapes are reduced by the hydraulic roughness (HR) of vegetation patches, which furthers sediment retention. Vegetation with important stem density, diameters, leaf areas, and density impact the HR. A functional structure composed of these negatively correlated traits involved in the increase of the HR would constitute a positive effect of the functional diversity. Methods: Runoff simulations were undertaken on four mono-specific and two multi-specific communities, using herbaceous plant species from North-West Europe, presenting six contrasting aboveground functional traits involved in the HR increase. Results: An effect of dominant traits in the community was found on the HR, identified as the community-weighted leaf density. The non-additive effect of functional diversity on the HR could be explained by the presence of species presenting large stems in the communities with high functional diversity. Conclusion: We argued that functional diversity effect on the HR could change due to idiosyncratic effects of the plant traits, which would be influenced by soil properties, phylogeny diversity, and plant species interactions. These findings constitute an advancement in the understanding of plant trait assemblage on runoff and soil erosion processes.

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Hydraulic roughness due to submerged, emergent and flexible natural vegetation in a semiarid alluvial channel

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Plant functional trait effects on runoff to design herbaceous hedges for soil erosion control

Plant functional trait effects on runoff to design herbaceous hedges for soil erosion control

Trait‐based sediment retention and runoff control by herbaceous vegetation in agricultural catchments: A review

Functional Diversity Effects of Vegetation on Runoff to Design Herbaceous Hedges for Sediment Retention

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