Hydration and Transparency of the Rabbit Cornea Irradiated with UVB-Doses of 0.25 J/cm<sup>2</sup>and 0.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>Compared with Equivalent UVB Radiation Exposure Reaching the Human Cornea from Sunlight

Čejka, Čestmír; Ardan, Taras; Širc, Jakub; Michálek, Jiřı́; Beneš, Jiří; Brůnová, B; Rosina, Jozef

doi:10.3109/02713683.2011.574332

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The technique was reported for rabbits in the 1950s (24) and provides an objective assessment of any compromise of the cornea since this will be expected to result in an increase in corneal thickness. Pachymetry is the logically preferred method for objective assessment of UV-B-induced cornea edema (rather than simply assigning a grade) and has been used in numerous rabbit studies to assess the effects of UV-B exposure (8,15,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). The assessments of corneal thickness do not need to be made by optical pachymetry on the living eye for an alternative is to use an ultrasound pachymeter.…”

Section: Specialized In Vivo or Ex Vivo Assessments Of The Rabbit Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…c) of the enucleated eye . The ultrasound pachymeter is especially useful when even 2× fold increases in corneal thickness develop after repeated exposure to high doses of UV‐B irradiation .…”

Section: Specialized In Vivo or Ex Vivo Assessments Of The Rabbit Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For repeat exposure experiments at high UV‐R doses, where the animals may show slight to a considerable aversion to the procedure, the use of sedative anesthetics has been adopted in most of these types of studies despite short irradiation times. Ketamine–xylazine mixtures have been used , and there has been routine use of the same in other repeat irradiation studies or acepromazine and ketamine . In other studies, for single or repeat irradiations, just xylaxine or low doses of pentobarbital have been used .…”

Section: Preparation Of the Rabbits For Uv‐r Exposure Of The Corneamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods of Assessment of the Corneas of the Eyes Laboratory Rabbits Exposed to Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation

Doughty

2018

Photochem & Photobiology

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The goal of this review was to identify and discuss the specialized methods that have been used to assess the corneas of the eyes of living rabbits exposed to the damaging effects of ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B). From publications reviewed between 1916 and 2018, both albino and pigmented rabbits were used, usually being young adults weighing between 2 and 2.5 kg, and with many recent studies carried out under sedation. Older assessments were generally based on the use of in vivo slitlamp examinations, sometimes with the use of fluorescein or rose bengal to identify damaged cells, supported by light microscopy (histology) of excised corneas. In later years (after 1960), these structural studies have included in vivo and ex vivo specular microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy as well as impression cytology. Early studies included measurements of the thickness of excised corneal specimens but in vivo pachymetry methods were widely used from the 1980s. Other assessments have included measurement of light transmission spectra of excised corneas, measures of metabolites in isolated corneas or staining corneal specimens for enzyme activities. While a wide range of specialized methods have been used, most of them have provided only descriptions of the effects of UV‐B.

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Section: Specialized In Vivo or Ex Vivo Assessments Of The Rabbit Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specialized In Vivo or Ex Vivo Assessments Of The Rabbit Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of the Rabbits For Uv‐r Exposure Of The Corneamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods of Assessment of the Corneas of the Eyes Laboratory Rabbits Exposed to Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation

Doughty

2018

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…And there was a relative association between pterygium, sun exposure, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin [10]. Furthermore, a study found that repeated exposure of the rabbit cornea to the same UVB irradiation evoked profound changes in corneal optics [11]. However, there was a lack of detailed information of UVB-induced damage on infancy cornea and relative protective measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Vitamin C against Infancy Rat Corneal Injury Caused by Acute UVB Irradiation

Chen

Guo

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Purpose. Studies have shown that corneas of young children were more susceptible to Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation damage. However, there exist limited information about the harm of UVB to eyes and preventive measures on infancy. Vitamin C as an antioxidant is widely used to prevent many diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of vitamin C on the cornea of infant rats with acute UVB injury. Method. Thirty-six infant rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (CON) group, UVB (UVB) group, and UVB+vitamin C (UVB+VitC) group. The UVB group was exposed to UVB irradiation (8 J/cm2, 15 min/d, 7 d) and the UVB+vitamin C group suffered the same UVB irradiation treated with vitamin C at the dose of 40 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection. Then, corneal morphology was detected in vivo and in vitro at 7 d post-UVB exposure. Furthermore, serum inflammatory factors (IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α) and oxidative status (4-HNE and MDA) were detected by ELISA, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-α (VEGF-α) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cornea was detected by western blot or immunofluorescent staining. Results. Slit lamp detection revealed that the area of corneal desquamation and corneal neovascularization in the UVB+VitC group was significantly less than those in the UVB group at 7 d post-UVB exposure (all p<0.05). OCT results showed that the thickness of the central cornea in the UVB+VitC group was decreased than that in the UVB group (p<0.05). The serum inflammatory factors (IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α) and oxidative status (4-HNE and MDA) in the UVB group were significantly increased compared with the CON group (all p<0.05), while those factors in the UVB+VitC group were decreased compared with those in the UVB group. Furthermore, the expression of VEGF-α in the UVB+VitC group was dramatically decreased compared with that in the UVB group (p<0.05), and the expression of SOD2 in the UVB+VitC group was dramatically increased compared with that in the UVB group at 7 d post-UVB exposure (p<0.05). Conclusion. Vitamin C could protect infant rats from corneal injury induced by UVB via alleviating corneal edema, improving corneal inflammatory reaction, and decreasing VEGF-α expression.

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“…According to Čejka et al (2011), 1.1 J/cm 2 of UV‐B radiation from sunlight reaches earth per hour at 40°N latitude at noon in July. Taking into consideration the data in the literature, the transmission of UV‐B radiation though human skin ranges from approximately 1 to 10%, depending on different skin sites and methods of measurements (Hoffmann et al, 2000; Meinhardt et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autocrine abscisic acid mediates the UV‐B‐induced inflammatory response in human granulocytes and keratinocytes

Bruzzone

Basile

Mannino

et al. 2012

Journal Cellular Physiology

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UV-B is an abiotic environmental stress in both plants and animals. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone regulating fundamental physiological functions in plants, including response to abiotic stress. We previously demonstrated that ABA is an endogenous stress hormone also in animal cells. Here, we investigated whether autocrine ABA regulates the response to UV-B of human granulocytes and keratinocytes, the cells involved in UV-triggered skin inflammation. The intracellular ABA concentration increased in UV-B-exposed granulocytes and keratinocytes and ABA was released into the supernatant. The UV-B-induced production of NO and of reactive oxygen species (ROS), phagocytosis, and cell migration were strongly inhibited in granulocytes irradiated in the presence of a monoclonal antibody against ABA. Moreover, presence of the same antibody strongly inhibited release of NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by UV-B irradiated keratinocytes. Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LANCL2) is required for the activation of the ABA signaling pathway in human granulocytes. Silencing of LANCL2 in human keratinocytes by siRNA was accompanied by abrogation of the UV-B-triggered release of PGE(2), TNF-α, and NO and ROS production. These results indicate that UV-B irradiation induces ABA release from human granulocytes and keratinocytes and that autocrine ABA stimulates cell functions involved in skin inflammation.

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Hydration and Transparency of the Rabbit Cornea Irradiated with UVB-Doses of 0.25 J/cm²and 0.5 J/cm²Compared with Equivalent UVB Radiation Exposure Reaching the Human Cornea from Sunlight

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Methods of Assessment of the Corneas of the Eyes Laboratory Rabbits Exposed to Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation

Methods of Assessment of the Corneas of the Eyes Laboratory Rabbits Exposed to Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation

Protective Effect of Vitamin C against Infancy Rat Corneal Injury Caused by Acute UVB Irradiation

Autocrine abscisic acid mediates the UV‐B‐induced inflammatory response in human granulocytes and keratinocytes

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Hydration and Transparency of the Rabbit Cornea Irradiated with UVB-Doses of 0.25 J/cm2and 0.5 J/cm2Compared with Equivalent UVB Radiation Exposure Reaching the Human Cornea from Sunlight

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Methods of Assessment of the Corneas of the Eyes Laboratory Rabbits Exposed to Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation

Methods of Assessment of the Corneas of the Eyes Laboratory Rabbits Exposed to Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation

Protective Effect of Vitamin C against Infancy Rat Corneal Injury Caused by Acute UVB Irradiation

Autocrine abscisic acid mediates the UV‐B‐induced inflammatory response in human granulocytes and keratinocytes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Hydration and Transparency of the Rabbit Cornea Irradiated with UVB-Doses of 0.25 J/cm²and 0.5 J/cm²Compared with Equivalent UVB Radiation Exposure Reaching the Human Cornea from Sunlight