Hybrid nanocomposite as a chest wall graft with improved integration by adipose-derived stem cells

Abstract

Surgery of the chest wall is potentially required to cover large defects after removal of malignant tumours. Usually, inert and non-degradable Gore-Tex serves to replace the missing tissue. However, novel biodegradable materials combined with stem cells are available that stimulate the healing. Based on poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/aCaP) and pure PLGA, a dual layer biodegradable hybrid nanocomposite was generated. Mouse adipose-derived stem cells were cultered on electrospun disks (ASCs of C57BL/6), and biomechanical tests were performed. The cell-seeded scaffolds were engrafted in C57BL/LY5.1 mice to serve as a chest wall substitute. Cell invasion into the bi-layered material, extent of CD45 + cells, inflammatory response, neo-vascularization and ECM composition were determined at 1 and 2 months post-surgery, respectively. The bi-layered hybrid nanocomposite was stable after a 2-week in vitro culture, in contrast to PLGA/aCaP without a PLGA layer. There was a complete biointegration and good vascularization in vivo . The presence of ASCs attracted more CD45 + cells (hematopoietic origin) compared to cell-free scaffolds. Inflammatory reaction was similar for both groups (±ASCs) at 8 weeks. A bi-layered hybrid nanocomposite fabricated of electrospun PLGA/aCaP and a reinforcing layer of pristine PLGA is an ideal scaffold for chest wall reconstruction. It is stable and allows a proper host tissue integration. If ASCs are seeded, they attract more CD45 + cells, supporting the regeneration process.

Tümör nedeniyle toraks duvar rezeksiyonu uygulanan olgularda morbiditeyi etkileyen faktörler

“…Titanyum plakların daha geniş defeklerde tercih edildiği düşünülürse bu fark daha da önemlidir. Rekonstrüksiyon konusunda mesh kullanımı, metil metakrilat destekli mesh, allogreftler, titanyum plaklar, 3-boyutlu basılmış polyethylene gibi birçok kullanılmaktadır [3][4][5][6][8][9][10]. Ancak hangi yöntemin üstün olduğunu gösteren prospektif karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır.…”

“…Üçüncüsü primer göğüs duvarı tümörleridir ki deriden, kaslardan, yağ dokusundan, sinir ve damarlardan, kemik ve kıkırdak dokudan köken alabilir [2]. Bu konudaki çalışmaların çoğunluğu tek bir rekonstürktif yöntemin etkinlği üzerinedir [3,4]. Rekonstrüktif yöntemleri karşılaştıran bilgi az sayıdadır.…”

Hybrid nanocomposite as a chest wall graft with improved vascularization by copper oxide nanoparticles

“…29 In that sense, α-SMA immunohistochemical staining in vivo was semi-quantitatively scored and compared to the scaffold material without CuO nanoparticles by re-analysis of images from a previous study. 30 There was no significant difference between PLGA/ aCaP/CuO and PLGA/aCaP (Supplemental Figure 2).…”

“…The macrophage percentage was higher when compared to the CuO-free scaffold material (∼0.16%) that has been previously implanted as a chest wall (see Supplemental Figure 1), 30 indicating a slightly stronger inflammatory response toward the CuO-containing scaffold material. As CuO nanoparticles may react with oxygen after dissolution to give hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) which itself may generate hydroxyl radicals (OH . )…”

“…Previously, we had developed a novel synthetic hybrid nanocomposite, with poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/aCaP) in combination with a pure PLGA layer. 30 This material was demonstrated to be superior to the inert material Gore-Tex® with regard to tissue integration and vascularization in vivo . 24…”