Humility challenges and facilitating factors among religious leaders: A qualitative study

Ruffing, Elizabeth G.; Devor, Nancy G.; Sandage, Steven J.

doi:10.1080/19349637.2018.1520184

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As such, the qualitative data were coded to primarily qualify quantitative findings, in a concurrent nested design, and secondarily, as an intervention fidelity check (e.g., Dyas et al, 2014). Prior qualitative studies with religious leaders described a variety of humility cultivating practices (Ruffing, Devor, et al, 2020;Wolfteich et al, 2019), and previous quantitative findings demonstrated positive associations between R/S practice and differentiation (Jankowski & Sandage, 2014b), and R/S practice and secure God attachment (Monroe & Jankowski, 2016). Finally, several practical theologians have called for more collaboration between researchers and the communities they research (e.g., Goto, 2018).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, exhibiting humility seems difficult when followers view the leader as an expert. In fact, Ruffing, Devor, et al (2020) found that religious leaders self-identified their position of power/authority and adherents’ praise as specific constraints against exhibiting and developing humility. Within the Catholic tradition, the term clericalism captures the religious leadership—humility paradox, and refers to leaders who believe they “form a special elite … superior to the laity, … deserving of special and preferential treatment and finally, have a closer relationship to God” (Doyle, 2003, p. 209).…”

Section: Relational Spirituality Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mixed-method intervention study on relational spirituality and humility among religious leaders.

Jankowski¹,

Sandage²,

Ruffing³

et al. 2022

Spirituality in Clinical Practice

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Existing humility intervention studies have yielded inconsistent findings, despite prior findings that suggest a salutary influence for general humility, including on religious leaders' religiousness/spirituality (R/S). We tested a relational spirituality model (RSM) proposition that change in humility would correspond to change in self-and coregulation, as measured by differentiation and God attachment. We did so by conducting a mixed-method study with a diverse sample of emerging religious leaders attending a graduate theological school in the northeastern United States (N = 136; M age = 39.50; SD = 11.14, range = 20 -67; 43.4% female; 41.2% Black/African American). Results of a multiple simultaneous latent change score model were consistent with the RSM, as we found evidence of concurrent and conditional changes among humility, differentiation, and God attachment over the course of a humility intervention. Qualitative analyses revealed five categories of humility cultivation practices, (a) relationships with others, (b) prayer/study/worship, (c) self-reflection, (d) self-care/rest, and (e) service, and yielded evidence of intervention fidelity. Multigroup comparisons indicated that intention toward prayer/study/worship and self-care/rest practices, and following through on completing a cultivation plan moderated the associations between humility, differentiation, and God attachment. Findings suggested that an RSM theoretical framing of change in virtuousness could inform the design of humility interventions and future studies evaluating the effectiveness of those interventions.

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Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relational Spirituality Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixed-method intervention study on relational spirituality and humility among religious leaders.

Jankowski¹,

Sandage²,

Ruffing³

et al. 2022

Spirituality in Clinical Practice

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Religious leaders face many challenges to humility within their roles (Ruffing et al, 2020), and the relationship between symptoms of post-traumatic stress and narcissism in this sample suggests that narcissism also should be considered within spiritual formation programs for religious leaders and seminary students. Such programs may help leaders to build self-awareness about narcissistic tendencies—both ones that may exacerbate their distress in the face of ministry stressors and ones that may emerge in response to ministry stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD symptoms in religious leaders: Prevalence, stressors, and associations with narcissism

Ruffing¹,

Bell

Sandage

2020

Archive for the Psychology of Religion

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Religious leaders face numerous mental health challenges, and prior research suggests that some experience symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to work-related experiences. This study employed a diverse sample of 274 religious leaders to (a) qualitatively describe the types of work-related experiences they identify as particularly stressful or overwhelming, (b) assess the prevalence of PTSD symptoms associated with these experiences, and (c) test hypothesized associations between PTSD symptoms and narcissism. The study found that the stressful experiences reported typically involved relational conflict, having limited resources, or caring for people suffering. Over half of the sample endorsed symptoms that were above the cutoff for a clinical concern for PTSD, and PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with symptoms of both vulnerable narcissism and grandiose narcissism. Practical implications for the ongoing formation and support of religious leaders are discussed.

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“…Thus, cultural humility needs to be more than just a quality of the individual therapists, but a characteristic of a broader system. A recent qualitative study on humility challenges and facilitating factors with religious leaders noted this point about organizational dynamics (Ruffing, Devor, & Sandage, 2018).…”

Section: Infusing the Mco Framework With Communal And Institutional Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Humility for People of Color: Critique of Current Theory and Practice

Moon

Sandage

2019

Journal of Psychology and Theology

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Cultural humility and the broader multicultural orientation approach (MCO) is important for clinicians of color as it is for White clinicians; however, the MCO framework does not address how experiences of racism and oppression impact how therapists of color think about and practice cultural humility. This article attempts to address important ways that the dialogue around cultural humility must be nuanced for therapists of color, and will provide examples of ways in which the framework for racial/ethnic minority community is fundamentally unique, both conceptually and in application: perspectives will be provided through responding to concepts within MCO framework such as “other-oriented” stance, leaning into cultural opportunities, and cultural comfort from a person-of-color lens. We contend that the traumatic effects of racism, microaggression, intergenerational trauma, and the pressures to assimilate to White culture make it difficult for therapists to practice cultural humility in the way that it is currently discussed in the literature. The authors provide potential resources for therapists of color, and explore how it is essential to have institutional and communal resources provided in White spaces.

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Humility challenges and facilitating factors among religious leaders: A qualitative study

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

A mixed-method intervention study on relational spirituality and humility among religious leaders.

A mixed-method intervention study on relational spirituality and humility among religious leaders.

PTSD symptoms in religious leaders: Prevalence, stressors, and associations with narcissism

Cultural Humility for People of Color: Critique of Current Theory and Practice

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