Human Urine as a Low Cost and Effective Nitrogen Fertilizer for Bean Production

Ranasinghe, E.S.S.; Karunarathne, Chaminda; Beneragama, C.K.; Wijesooriya, B.G.G.

doi:10.1016/j.profoo.2016.02.055

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Human Urine compound varies among adults. The source is a healthy vegetarian male without medication (composition should be close to N=3.07±1.15 g/L, K= 1.7±0.2, P=0.02±0.004 and S=1.17±0.12 g/L found in (Ranasinghe et al, 2016). Watering was done at the base of the seedling to avoid leaf damage due to the ions (Jönsson et al, 2004, Vinnerås et al, 2003.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Urine as Free Fertilizer Increasing Plant Growth

2018

International Journal of Forestry and Horticulture

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Human urine is freely available around the world and is composed of nitrogen (N), inorganic potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and other nutrients directly absorbable by plants. This resource was tested on several tropical horticultural species and showed rapid positive effect on plants growing. In the nursery: 3 trees and 1 vine species were treated with 50 mL urine (1/3) + water (2/3) and compared to control (50 mL of water). After 36 days of treatment, papaya tree, passion fruit vine, Serianthes myriadenia and Hibiscus tiliaceus treated with urine were significantly higher, greener and produced more leaves than control sister seedlings treated with water only. Human urine should be managed to keep valuable nutrients, benefiting for plants and food security and not treated as a waste product.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Urine as Free Fertilizer Increasing Plant Growth

2018

International Journal of Forestry and Horticulture

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“…The soil with no amendment did not receive any treatment. From the literature, urine was used in liquid form and fertilizers were used in solid forms (Ranasinghe et al 2016;AkpanIdiok et al 2012). The idea is to check whether urine will perform as a cheap alternative source of nutrients to soil.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea is to check whether urine will perform as a cheap alternative source of nutrients to soil. From all the studies conducted and that are available to us, litres of urine were varied and compared to commercially available fertilizers (Ranasinghe et al 2016;Akpan-Idiok et al 2012). The majority of the plant nutrients which are present in human excreta are found in urine.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation pattern of trace metals in Spinacia oleracea harvested from soil treated with urine in comparison with other soil amendments in Pretoria, South Africa

Mugivhisa

Olowoyo

2017

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose The study assessed trace metal levels in the leaves, stalks and roots of Spinacia oleracea harvested from soil treated with urine in comparison to chemical fertilizers and biosolids. Methods Spinacia oleracea seedlings were planted on soils pretreated with urine, chemical fertilizers and biosolids. Results The soil treated with chemical fertilizers resulted in an increase of Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni and Sb while there was an increase in the concentrations of Zn and Hg in the soil treated with urine. The soil with no amendments recorded higher mean values of As and Mn, whereas the biosolids treatment did not show any increases of the trace metals in the soil. The concentration of Mn, Pb and Ni in the leaves and stalks of S. oleracea harvested from soil treated with urine were below the recommended limits for trace metals in edible plants as set by WHO even though the urine treatment recorded the highest concentration of Cd in the roots, stalks and leaves. The S. oleracea harvested from the soil treated with chemical fertilizers showed an accumulation Cu and Mn in the stalks and leaves while those harvested from soil treated with biosolids showed an accumulation of Cr, As, Zn and Ni in the stalks and Cr, Pb and Sb in the leaves and all trace metals in the roots except Cd and As. S. oleracea harvested from the soil with no amendments showed an accumulation of Cr, As, Zn and Ni in the stalks and Cr, Pb, Zn and Sb in the leaves. The transfer factor showed that Cd, Zn, Mn and Sn were translocated from the soil to the leaves even though the concentrations were below acceptable limits for human consumption. Conclusions The study demonstrated that the use of urine as a soil amendment may not facilitate or increase the bioavailability of trace metals in the plant tissues.

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“…This indicates that the major part of organic nitrogen was transformed to molecular and/or volatile forms (NH 3 , NO x , N 2 , and chloramines) at the end of the electrolytic treatment with BDD or DSA. However, the amounts of NO 3 − and NH 4 + measured at the end of the treatment are sufficient to supply nitrogen as a plant nutrient in short (nitrate) and long (ammonium) terms in agriculture or landscaping applications [50][51][52].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Processes 2020, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 10 of 17 end of the treatment are sufficient to supply nitrogen as a plant nutrient in short (nitrate) and long (ammonium) terms in agriculture or landscaping applications [50][51][52].…”

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Electrolytic Oxidation as a Sustainable Method to Transform Urine into Nutrients

et al. 2020

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In this work, the transformation of urine into nutrients using electrolytic oxidation in a single-compartment electrochemical cell in galvanostatic mode was investigated. The electrolytic oxidation was performed using thin film anode materials: boron-doped diamond (BDD) and dimensionally stable anodes (DSA). The transformation of urine into nutrients was confirmed by the release of nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+) ions during electrolytic treatment of synthetic urine aqueous solutions. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) during electrolytic treatment confirmed the conversion of organic pollutants into biocompatible substances. Higher amounts of NO3− and NH4+ were released by electrolytic oxidation using BDD compared to DSA anodes. The removal of COD and TOC was faster using BDD anodes at different current densities. Active chlorine and chloramines were formed during electrolytic treatment, which is advantageous to deactivate any pathogenic microorganisms. Larger quantities of active chlorine and chloramines were measured with DSA anodes. The control of chlorine by-products to concentrations lower than the regulations require can be possible by lowering the current density to values smaller than 20 mA/cm2. Electrolytic oxidation using BDD or DSA thin film anodes seems to be a sustainable method capable of transforming urine into nutrients, removing organic pollution, and deactivating pathogens.

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Human Urine as a Low Cost and Effective Nitrogen Fertilizer for Bean Production

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

The Use of Urine as Free Fertilizer Increasing Plant Growth

The Use of Urine as Free Fertilizer Increasing Plant Growth

Accumulation pattern of trace metals in Spinacia oleracea harvested from soil treated with urine in comparison with other soil amendments in Pretoria, South Africa

Electrolytic Oxidation as a Sustainable Method to Transform Urine into Nutrients

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