Human Tear pH

Engineered Sumoylation-Deficient Prdx6 Mutant Protein-Loaded Nanoparticles Provide Increased Cellular Defense and Prevent Lens Opacity

“…A general characteristic of oxidative- or aging-related diseases is a progressive loss of redox homeostasis due to the deterioration of cellular antioxidant defense response. Under normal physiological conditions, the levels of ROS are finely and tightly regulated by the cellular antioxidant defense system [ 3 , 10 , 73 , 82 , 102 , 103 ]. Conversely, the amplification of ROS due to antioxidant dysregulation during aging or oxidative stress leads to pathological signaling, such as oxidative nucleic acid and protein damage [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 82 , 104 , 105 ].…”

“…A human LEC cDNA library was used to isolate a full-length of Prdx6 cDNA by using Prdx6-specific Forward primer (5′-GTCGCCATGGCCGGAGGTCTGCTTC-3′ containing NcoI site) and Reverse primer (5′-AATTGGCAGCTGACATCCTCTGGCTC-3′) [ 73 ]. The resultant amplified PCR products were purified from agarose gel electrophoresis (QIAEX II Gel Extraction Kit, Cat No.…”

“…Plasmids were isolated and purified from selected single colonies. A plasmid consisting of Prdx6 cDNA was amplified and cloned into a pTAT-HA vector at NcoI and EcoRI sites (a kind gift of Dr. S. F. Dowdy) [ 14 , 28 , 73 ]. Then, wild-type TAT-HA-Prdx6 was mutated at K (lysine) 122/142R (arginine), Cysteine (C) 47 IL (Isoleucine) and Serine (S) 32-Histidine (H) 26-Aspartic acid (D)140 to Alanine by using a Site-Directed Mutagenesis (SDM) kit as mentioned below ( Section 2.5 ).…”

Engineered Sumoylation-Deficient Prdx6 Mutant Protein-Loaded Nanoparticles Provide Increased Cellular Defense and Prevent Lens Opacity

“…A general characteristic of oxidative- or aging-related diseases is a progressive loss of redox homeostasis due to the deterioration of cellular antioxidant defense response. Under normal physiological conditions, the levels of ROS are finely and tightly regulated by the cellular antioxidant defense system [ 3 , 10 , 73 , 82 , 102 , 103 ]. Conversely, the amplification of ROS due to antioxidant dysregulation during aging or oxidative stress leads to pathological signaling, such as oxidative nucleic acid and protein damage [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 82 , 104 , 105 ].…”

“…A human LEC cDNA library was used to isolate a full-length of Prdx6 cDNA by using Prdx6-specific Forward primer (5′-GTCGCCATGGCCGGAGGTCTGCTTC-3′ containing NcoI site) and Reverse primer (5′-AATTGGCAGCTGACATCCTCTGGCTC-3′) [ 73 ]. The resultant amplified PCR products were purified from agarose gel electrophoresis (QIAEX II Gel Extraction Kit, Cat No.…”

“…Plasmids were isolated and purified from selected single colonies. A plasmid consisting of Prdx6 cDNA was amplified and cloned into a pTAT-HA vector at NcoI and EcoRI sites (a kind gift of Dr. S. F. Dowdy) [ 14 , 28 , 73 ]. Then, wild-type TAT-HA-Prdx6 was mutated at K (lysine) 122/142R (arginine), Cysteine (C) 47 IL (Isoleucine) and Serine (S) 32-Histidine (H) 26-Aspartic acid (D)140 to Alanine by using a Site-Directed Mutagenesis (SDM) kit as mentioned below ( Section 2.5 ).…”

pH in nature, humans and skin

“…Tears are more acidic in the morning, taken from an unopened eye than later in the day (average pH 7.25 vs 7.45) …”

“…Tears are more acidic in the morning, taken from an unopened eye than later in the day (average pH 7.25 vs 7.45). 7 The vaginal pH in a reproductive woman is 3.8-4.4. Vaginal microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus species degrading glycogen to lactic acid, thus keeping the pH acidic.…”

Engineered Sumoylation-Deficient Prdx6 Mutant Protein-Loaded Nanoparticles Provide Increased Cellular Defense and Prevent Lens Opacity

“…A general characteristic of oxidative- or aging-related diseases is a progressive loss of redox homeostasis due to the deterioration of cellular antioxidant defense response. Under normal physiological conditions, the levels of ROS are finely and tightly regulated by the cellular antioxidant defense system [ 3 , 10 , 73 , 82 , 102 , 103 ]. Conversely, the amplification of ROS due to antioxidant dysregulation during aging or oxidative stress leads to pathological signaling, such as oxidative nucleic acid and protein damage [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 82 , 104 , 105 ].…”

“…A human LEC cDNA library was used to isolate a full-length of Prdx6 cDNA by using Prdx6-specific Forward primer (5′-GTCGCCATGGCCGGAGGTCTGCTTC-3′ containing NcoI site) and Reverse primer (5′-AATTGGCAGCTGACATCCTCTGGCTC-3′) [ 73 ]. The resultant amplified PCR products were purified from agarose gel electrophoresis (QIAEX II Gel Extraction Kit, Cat No.…”

“…Plasmids were isolated and purified from selected single colonies. A plasmid consisting of Prdx6 cDNA was amplified and cloned into a pTAT-HA vector at NcoI and EcoRI sites (a kind gift of Dr. S. F. Dowdy) [ 14 , 28 , 73 ]. Then, wild-type TAT-HA-Prdx6 was mutated at K (lysine) 122/142R (arginine), Cysteine (C) 47 IL (Isoleucine) and Serine (S) 32-Histidine (H) 26-Aspartic acid (D)140 to Alanine by using a Site-Directed Mutagenesis (SDM) kit as mentioned below ( Section 2.5 ).…”

pH in nature, humans and skin

“…Tears are more acidic in the morning, taken from an unopened eye than later in the day (average pH 7.25 vs 7.45) …”

“…Tears are more acidic in the morning, taken from an unopened eye than later in the day (average pH 7.25 vs 7.45). 7 The vaginal pH in a reproductive woman is 3.8-4.4. Vaginal microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus species degrading glycogen to lactic acid, thus keeping the pH acidic.…”

Engineered Sumoylation-Deficient Prdx6 Mutant Protein-Loaded Nanoparticles Provide Increased Cellular Defense and Prevent Lens Opacity

“…A general characteristic of oxidative- or aging-related diseases is a progressive loss of redox homeostasis due to the deterioration of cellular antioxidant defense response. Under normal physiological conditions, the levels of ROS are finely and tightly regulated by the cellular antioxidant defense system [ 3 , 10 , 73 , 82 , 102 , 103 ]. Conversely, the amplification of ROS due to antioxidant dysregulation during aging or oxidative stress leads to pathological signaling, such as oxidative nucleic acid and protein damage [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 82 , 104 , 105 ].…”

“…A human LEC cDNA library was used to isolate a full-length of Prdx6 cDNA by using Prdx6-specific Forward primer (5′-GTCGCCATGGCCGGAGGTCTGCTTC-3′ containing NcoI site) and Reverse primer (5′-AATTGGCAGCTGACATCCTCTGGCTC-3′) [ 73 ]. The resultant amplified PCR products were purified from agarose gel electrophoresis (QIAEX II Gel Extraction Kit, Cat No.…”

“…Plasmids were isolated and purified from selected single colonies. A plasmid consisting of Prdx6 cDNA was amplified and cloned into a pTAT-HA vector at NcoI and EcoRI sites (a kind gift of Dr. S. F. Dowdy) [ 14 , 28 , 73 ]. Then, wild-type TAT-HA-Prdx6 was mutated at K (lysine) 122/142R (arginine), Cysteine (C) 47 IL (Isoleucine) and Serine (S) 32-Histidine (H) 26-Aspartic acid (D)140 to Alanine by using a Site-Directed Mutagenesis (SDM) kit as mentioned below ( Section 2.5 ).…”

pH in nature, humans and skin

“…Tears are more acidic in the morning, taken from an unopened eye than later in the day (average pH 7.25 vs 7.45) …”

“…Tears are more acidic in the morning, taken from an unopened eye than later in the day (average pH 7.25 vs 7.45). 7 The vaginal pH in a reproductive woman is 3.8-4.4. Vaginal microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus species degrading glycogen to lactic acid, thus keeping the pH acidic.…”