Human T‐Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 and associated diseases in Latin America

Eusebio‐Ponce, Emiliana; Candel, Francisco Javier; Anguita, Eduardo

doi:10.1111/tmi.13278

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…5,7,[18][19][20][21][22] HTLV-1 is commonly found in indigenous peoples of the Pacific Islands (Australia and Melanesia) and the Americas. [23][24][25][26][27] In Latin America, there are more than 400 indigenous groups, ranging from 45 to 50 million individuals. [28][29][30] The 2020 International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs reported Bolivia as the country housing the largest indigenous population in Latin America (48% of the population), followed by Guatemala (43.8%), Mexico (21.5%), Chile (12.8%), and Peru (12.5%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-World Data on Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in Latin America: A Study From the Grupo de Estudio Latinoamericano de Linfoproliferativos

Malpica

Enríquez

Castro

et al. 2021

JCO Global Oncology

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PURPOSE Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive disease caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. Real-world data of ATLL in Latin America are lacking. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed patients with ATLL (acute, lymphomatous, chronic, and smoldering) encountered in 11 Latin American countries between 1995 and 2019. Treatment response was assessed according to the 2009 consensus report. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS We identified 253 patients; 226 (lymphomatous: n = 122, acute: n = 73, chronic: n = 26, and smoldering: n = 5) had sufficient data for analysis (median age 57 years). Most patients with ATLL were from Peru (63%), Chile (17%), Argentina (8%), and Colombia (7%). Hypercalcemia was positively associated with acute type (57% v lymphomatous 27%, P = .014). The median survival times (months) were 4.3, 7.9, 21.1, and not reached for acute, lymphomatous, chronic, and smoldering forms, with 4-year survival rates of 8%, 22%, 40%, and 80%, respectively. First-line zidovudine (AZT)-interferon alfa (IFN) resulted in an overall response rate of 63% (complete response [CR] 24%) for acute. First-line chemotherapy yielded an overall response rate of 41% (CR 29%) for lymphomatous. CR rate was 42% for etoposide, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone versus 12% for cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone–like regimen ( P < .001). Progression-free survival at 1 year for acute type patients treated with AZT-IFN was 67%, whereas 2-year progression-free survival in lymphomatous type patients who achieved CR after chemotherapy was 77%. CONCLUSION This study confirms Latin American ATLL presents at a younger age and has a high incidence of lymphomatous type, low incidence of indolent subtypes, and worse survival rates as compared with Japanese patients. In aggressive ATLL, chemotherapy remains the preferred choice for lymphomatous favoring etoposide-based regimen (etoposide, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone), whereas AZT-IFN remains a good first-line option for acute subtype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-World Data on Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in Latin America: A Study From the Grupo de Estudio Latinoamericano de Linfoproliferativos

Malpica

Enríquez

Castro

et al. 2021

JCO Global Oncology

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“…Since there is a higher prevalence of HTLV-1 infection among people from certain regions and ethnic groups [ 24 ], we took into account the mother’s birthplace. Accordingly, 22/38 mothers were born in the highlands region of Peru and 7/38 were born in Lima (including Callao province).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Onset HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis

et al. 2020

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Background: Vertical transmission of HTLV-1 could lead to the early development of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). This significantly affects quality of life and increases morbimortality. Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with early-onset HAM/TSP, defined as disease onset before 20 years of age. Methods: This is a retrospective study from an HTLV-1 clinical cohort between 1989 and 2019. We searched for medical records of patients with (1) diagnosis of HTLV-1 infection using two ELISA and/or one Western blot, (2) clinical diagnosis of HAM/TSP by neurological assessment, and (3) HAM/TSP symptom-onset before 20 years of age. Results: A total of 38 cases were identified in the cohort; 25 were female (66%). The median age of onset was 14 years old. 31 (82%) cases had HTLV-1 testing done among family members; 22 out of 25 tested mothers (88%) were HTLV-1 positive. Most patients (27/34) were breastfed for more than one year. Disease progression measured through EDSS and IPEC-1 showed an upward trend towards worsening spasticity with 18 patients (47%) eventually requiring mobility aids. Conclusions: Cases of early-onset HAM/TSP are not of rare occurrence, which translates into many more years of dependency, the use of mobility aids, and increased overall morbidity.

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“…As a Caribbean country, the Dominican Republic has an estimated prevalence of HTLV-1 infection ranging from 1 to 5% [5]. Nonetheless, there are very few studies in this particular country, most of them focused on risk groups [9][10][11]. Therefore, new and specific studies are needed to estimate the mined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Trends of HTLV-1/2 among Blood Donors of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 2012-2017

Eusebio‐Ponce¹,

Candel²,

Paulino-Ramírez³

et al. 2020

Rev Esp Quimioter

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Objectives. Being a Caribbean country, the Dominican Republic is considered endemic for HTLV-1. Viral screening in blood banks is recommended for this blood borne infection. The purpose of this work is to analyze the seroprevalence and trends of HTLV-1/2 in the Dominican Republic blood donors; it is focused on Santo Domingo, the capital of the country, which has the largest blood donation activity. We also aim at comparing our findings with published data from neighboring countries. Patients and methods. We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of 10 blood centers of Santo Domingo, which reported HTLV and the other blood-transmitted infections in full. They represent more than 40% of the province’s blood donations. Annual seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2, period prevalence (2012-2017), and time trend were determined. Results. A total of 352,960 blood donations were evaluated. The HTLV-1/2 period prevalence was 0.26% (929/352,960)(95% CI: 0.24–0.28%). We also found a marked predominance of replacement donation (90.4%) in comparison to voluntary contributions (9.6%). Therefore, this blood donor study may provide clues on the general prevalence of the infection. Conclusions. Seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2 in blood donors of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, showed a relatively low and steady trend in the studied period.

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Human T‐Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 and associated diseases in Latin America

Cited by 17 publications

References 130 publications

Real-World Data on Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in Latin America: A Study From the Grupo de Estudio Latinoamericano de Linfoproliferativos

Real-World Data on Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in Latin America: A Study From the Grupo de Estudio Latinoamericano de Linfoproliferativos

Early-Onset HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis

Seroprevalence and Trends of HTLV-1/2 among Blood Donors of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 2012-2017

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