Human T-cell leukemia virus type I infects human lung epithelial cells and induces gene expression of cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules

“…It has been estimated that 20 million individuals are infected worldwide [ 4 ]. The in vivo target cells are mature CD4+CD45RO T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes [ 5 ], although other cell types have been suggested to be potential target including lung epithelial cells, as recently demonstrated [ 6 ]. HTLV-I is transmitted between individuals by the transfer of infected lymphocytes and is thought to require repeated contacts as only one out of 1 × 10 5 to 1 × 10 6 viruses is infectious [ 7 - 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of galectin-1 expression by HTLV-I Tax and its impact on HTLV-I infectivity

Gauthier¹,

Pelletier²,

Ouellet³

et al. 2008

Retrovirology

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Background: Cell-free Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type I (HTLV-I) virions are poorly infectious and cell-to-cell contact is often required to achieve infection. Other factors might thus importantly contribute in increasing infection by HTLV-I. Galectin-1 is a galactoside-binding lectin which is secreted by activated T lymphocytes. Several functions have been attributed to this protein including its capacity to increase cell-to-cell adhesion. Based on previous studies, we postulated that this protein could also accentuate HTLV-I infection.

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“…Levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α [tumor necrosis factor‐α]) are higher in HD subjects than subjects with CKD stage 1 and this has been associated with a rapid loss of kidney function . Although CD4+ T‐cells are the major reservoir for HTLV‐1, the virus is capable of infecting other cell types including endothelial and epithelial cells . Infection of tubular and glomerular epithelial cells could result in a syndrome similar to HIV associated nephropathy .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher human T‐cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) proviral load is associated with end‐stage kidney disease in Indigenous Australians: Results of a case‐control study in central Australia

Talukder

Walley

Pham

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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Case series suggest that human T‐cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) is associated with kidney disease; however, little is known about the impact of proviral load (PVL). The present study was commenced to determine whether higher HTLV‐1 PVL is associated with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) in Indigenous Australians. A case‐control study was conducted in Alice Springs Hospital (ASH), 1 July 2007 to 30 November 2015. Cases included all 80 Indigenous adults (>17 years) with HTLV‐1c and ESKD, matched 1:1 by sex to controls with HTLV‐1 who had no renal disease or other recognised disease associations of HTLV‐1, and were recruited during the same period. The association between PVL and ESKD was assessed using logistic regression. Median (IQR) HTLV‐1c PVL for subjects with ESKD (6.86, IQR (3.35, 8.23) log copies per 105 peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) (ie, 0.95; IQR, 0.03; 3.70% PBL) was significantly higher than that of the asymptomatic group (3.47; IQR (−0.04, 6.61) log copies per 10 5 PBL (ie, 0.01; IQR, 0.00; 0.52% PBL) (asymptomatic vs ESKD, P (ranksum) < .001). Major factors associated with ESKD were diabetes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 21.80; 95% CI, 4.84, 98.22; P < .001), hypertension (aOR, 4.16; 1.11, 15.64; P = .03), remote residence (aOR, 5.34; 95% CI, 1.17, 27.29; P = .03) and HTLV‐1c PVL greater than or equal to 100 copies per 10 5 PBL (aOR, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.36, 9.92; P = .01). Higher HTLV‐1c PVL are strongly associated with inflammatory diseases. The high HTLV‐1c PVL reported here may have clinical implications for people with HTLV‐1 who require haemodialysis. Longitudinal studies are required to determine whether this association is causal.

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Human T-cell leukemia virus type I infects human lung epithelial cells and induces gene expression of cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Overexpression of caveolin-1 in adult T-cell leukemia

Overexpression of caveolin-1 in adult T-cell leukemia

Induction of galectin-1 expression by HTLV-I Tax and its impact on HTLV-I infectivity

Higher human T‐cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) proviral load is associated with end‐stage kidney disease in Indigenous Australians: Results of a case‐control study in central Australia

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