Human placental extract attenuates neurological symptoms in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis-a putative approach in MS disease?

Abstract

Background Different studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of human placental extract both in vivo and in vitro. Considering the chronic inflammatory nature of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease, we examined whether or not the administration of human placental extract is able to attenuate the neurological symptoms detected in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS. Methods The injected myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) induced EAE in mice, and treatment began from day 4 post-injection by intraperitoneal administration of 0.2 mg/kg human placental extract, repeated every other day up to day 31 post-injection. At the end of the treatment, luxol fast blue (LBS) staining and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were performed to evaluate the demyelination of neurons and inflammatory responses, respectively. Further assessed were the serum concentrations of IL-23 and IL-27. Results The administration of human placental extract was able to significantly reduce the mean clinical score in EAE mice, decrease the pro-inflammatory process and attenuate neural demyelination. Moreover, while the serum concentration of IL-23 was significantly diminished in the EAE mice receiving human placental extract compared to the non-treated EAE group, IL-27 concentration was significantly increased. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated the administration of human placental extract could significantly attenuate the neurological symptoms in the EAE model of MS in part through modulating the serum levels of IL-23 and IL-27 and enhancing neuroprotection and myelin repair.

A First Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Placental Extracellular Vesicles from Women with Multiple Sclerosis

“…Studies of the potential function of EVs of placental origin during MS pregnancy are lacking. However, the administration of human placental extract and of serum exosomes from pregnant mice have been shown to reduce disease severity in the EAE model [ 16 , 17 ].…”

“…The immune-suppressive effects of pregnancy on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an MS murine model, have been associated to suppression of T cells mediated by serum exosomes [ 15 , 16 ]. Furthermore, the administration of human placental extract has been described to attenuate the neurological symptoms in the EAE model and enhance neuroprotection and myelin repair [ 17 ].…”

A focus on allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells as a versatile therapeutic tool for treating multiple sclerosis

“…Additionally, the concentration of IL-27, as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was enhanced in the serum. IL-23 and IL-27 cytokines are associated with excellent and poor MS disease prognosis, respectively [ 61 ].…”

The Use of Human Placental Extract to Arrest and Restrict the Established Carious Lesions with the Aid of Nano Fibered Local Drug Delivery Systems: A Two Years' Evidence Based Study

“…This shared immunological pattern induces synergistic pro-inflammatory effects among dental and systemic diseases (11) .The placenta is now described as a substance that will revolutionize modern medicine (14)(15)(16) . Currently, the human placental extract is approved for clinical use (17)(18)(19)(20) . It has also been reported as safe with no significant side effects and contraindications (17)(18)(19)(20) .…”