Human Papillomavirus-related tumours of the oropharynx display a lower tumour hypoxia signature

Prognostic biomarkers in patients with human immunodeficiency virus‐positive disease with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

“…A recent biomarker study of head and neck cancer tissues from the base of tongue, tonsils, and vocal fold revealed that tumor IL‐6 assessed by IHC and serum IL‐6 were significantly lower in patients with HPV16‐positive disease (N = 11) than in HPV‐negative patients (N = 11), but IL‐6 expression levels were not correlated with SCCHN location, stage, or level of HPV viral load . A study of hypoxia‐related genes in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma found that HPV‐positive tumors displayed less hypoxia than HPV‐negative tumors . A study using high‐throughput analyses and the TRANScription FACtor (TRANSFAC) database reported that HPV‐positive tumors had reduced whole cell protein expression and significantly lower nuclear staining of both STAT3 and NF‐κB by IHC than HPV‐negative tumors, marked colocalization, and coactivation of both transcription factors was observed by TMA .…”

Hypoxia in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A breath of fresh air in cancer research?

“…This could be attributed to distinct intrinsic abilities of HPV-positive tumor cells to adapt to hypoxia and hence better prognosis. [14] In contrast, some authors believe that the degree of hypoxia does not differ between HPV positive and negative cancers. [34] Other regulators of expression of HIF-1…”

“…[8] Among the hypoxic markers, HIF-1α has been studied commonly either alone or mainly with other markers like HIF-2α, [10,12,13] CA-IX, [10,14,15] GLUT-1, [10,14,16,17] and VEGF. [10,[13][14][15][18][19][20][21] Increased HIF-1α expression has been found to be significantly correlated with clinicopathological variables such as clinical stage, histopathological grade, and lymph node involvement in many studies, [12,14,16,18] with correlation with only clinical stage and lymph node involvement in some, [22][23][24] with tumor size [23,24] and in some even with recurrences. [15,17] The expression of HIF-1α was localized to the nucleus and was distributed heterogeneously throughout the tumor area especially in the perinecrotic regions, and at the tumor/stroma interface.…”

“…GLUT-1 upregulation in response to hypoxia has been found in multiple cell and tissue types. [14,16,17,27] In patients where the tumor had increased levels of both HIF-1α and GLUT-1, there was a 5.13 fold increased risk of tumor-related deaths. [17] HIF and GLUT proteins within tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) appear to be associated with disease stage, grade, and the presence of metastases.…”

GLUT1 expression in human papillomavirus‐positive anogenital lesions

“…Induction of GLUT1 mRNA and protein has been considered as an early event in cervical neoplasia as well as in other oncogenic virus‐mediated cellular transformation . In head and neck carcinoma, human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive cancers display a higher GLUT1 expression, associated with a lower tumour hypoxia signature . Development of cervical cancer is associated with HPV; among the more than hundred types of HPV, the most prominent types inducing intra‐epithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer are the high‐risk mucosal types 16 and 18.…”