Human Infection With the Agent of Feline Pneumonitis

Schachter, Julius; Ostler, H. Bruce; Meyer, K. F.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(69)91703-6

Cited by 57 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…An attenuated FP Baker strain is used as a live vaccine for cats. Zoonotic infection of humans with Chlamydophila felis has been reported (Schachter et al, 1969). The type strain for Chlamydophila felis is FP BakerT (= ATCC VR 120T).…”

Section: Description Of Chlamydia Suis Sp Novmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms

Everett

Bush

Andersen

1999

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

962

839

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Section: Description Of Chlamydia Suis Sp Novmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms

Everett

Bush

Andersen

1999

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

962

839

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“…Information may be incomplete due to limited data for some species. et al, 1969 ; CDC, 1998 ;Herring, 1993 ;Jorgensen, 1997), with mortality particularly associated with Chlamydophila psittaci pneumonitis and Chlamydophila abortus abortion. Chlamydophila psittaci has been found in dying tortoises (Vanrompay et al, 1994), a cat (Lipman et al, 1994) and cattle (Cox et al, 1998 ;Page, 1967) ; Chlamydophila pneumoniae was associated with disease in a dying giant barred frog in Australia (Berger et al, 1999) and in frogs imported to the USA from Africa (Reed et al, 2000).…”

Section: Abbreviations : Indels Insertions and Deletions ;mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular evolution of the Chlamydiaceae.

Bush¹,

Everett²

2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

103

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Phylogenetic analyses of surface antigens and other chlamydial proteins were used to reconstruct the evolution of the Chlamydiaceae. Trees for all five coding genes [the major outer-membrane protein (MOMP), GroEL chaperonin, KDO-transferase, small cysteine-rich lipoprotein and 60 kDa cysteine-rich protein] supported the current organization of the family Chlamydiaceae, which is based on ribosomal, biochemical, serological, ecological and DNA-DNA hybridization data. Genetic distances between some species were quite large, so phylogenies were evaluated for robustness by comparing analyses of both nucleotide and protein sequences using a variety of algorithms (neighbour-joining, maximum-likelihood, maximum-parsimony with bootstrapping, and quartet puzzling). Saturation plots identified areas of the trees in which factors other than relatedness may have determined branch attachments. All nine species were clearly differentiated by distinctness ratios calculated for each gene. The distribution of virulence traits such as host and tissue tropism were mapped onto the consensus phylogeny. Closely related species were no more likely to share virulence characters than were more distantly related species. This phylogenetically disjunct distribution of virulence traits could not be explained by lateral transfer of the genes we studied, since we found no evidence for lateral gene transfer above the species level. One interpretation of this observation is that when chlamydiae gain access to a new niche, such as a new host or tissue, significant adaptation ensues and the virulence phenotype of the new species reflects adaptation to its environment more strongly than it reflects its ancestry.Keywords : Chlamydia, Chlamydophila, Chlamydiales, phylogeny, intracellular bacteria INTRODUCTIONBacteria in the family Chlamydiaceae are obligately intracellular parasites that infect a diverse array of vertebrates. Chlamydiae cause a wide variety of health problems, including spontaneous abortion in livestock, systemic disease in birds and both endemic and zoonotic infection of humans (Herring, 1993 ; Everett & Andersen, 1997 This paper is dedicated to the late Jan Ursing, Associate Editor of IJSB, who was extraordinarily helpful with our paper on reclassification of Chlamydiales. Abbreviations : INDELs, insertions and deletions ;LGT, lateral gene transfer ; ML, maximum-likelihood ; MOMP, major outer-membrane protein ; MP, maximum-parsimony ; NJ, neighbour-joining ; QP, quartet puzzling.The GenBank accession numbers for the scanned and new data produced in this study are AF269256-AF269282 and AF240773.leading cause of preventable blindness and sexually transmitted disease and have suspected links to cardiovascular disease (Campbell et al., 1998 ;Schachter, 1999). The evolutionary processes responsible for this diverse array of virulence phenotypes have long been of interest. Previous evolutionary studies of the Chlamydiaceae involved phylogenetic reconstruction using rRNA genes ( Fig. 1a) (Everett et al., 1999a) and the gene for the maj...

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“…Chlamydophila felis (C. felis), known as feline Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) previously, was first isolated from feline pneumonia [1], and now it is considered as causing a conjunctival infection in cats [13]. Transmission of C. felis to human was reported with conjunctivitis and serious systemic infection in an immunocompromised person [16,17]. On the basis of our previous study, feline chlamydial infection was thought to be transmitted by close contact with infected cats and possibly from infected birds [20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Etiological Investigation of Domestic Cats with Conjunctivitis and Upper Respiratory Tract Disease in Japan.

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. Chlamydophila felis (C. felis), feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) were detected in 39 (59.1%), 11 (16.7%) and 14 (21.2%) cats respectively, from 66 domestic cats presented with conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) in 9 prefectures of Japan. Dual and multiple infections were found in 7 (10.6%) cats with both C. felis and FHV-1, 10 (15.2%) cats with both C. felis and FCV, and 1 (1.5%) cat with all three agents. C. felis was isolated from 11 (28.2%) of 39 PCR positive cats. Antigenic difference was found in a 96 kDa protein of our isolates and Fe/145 strain isolated in USA. In conclusion, C. felis is the most common agent of feline conjunctivitis and URTD, and the coinfection with C. felis, FHV-1 and FCV are also common in cats in Japan.

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Human Infection With the Agent of Feline Pneumonitis

Cited by 57 publications

References 6 publications

Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms

Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms

Molecular evolution of the Chlamydiaceae.

An Etiological Investigation of Domestic Cats with Conjunctivitis and Upper Respiratory Tract Disease in Japan.

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