Human immunodeficiency virus type 1: drug resistance in treated and untreated Brazilian children

Simonetti, Sandra Regina Rodrigues; Schatzmayr, Hermann G.; Simonetti, José Pascoal

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762003000600021

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Resistant strains to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors were respectively reported in 18, 7, and 13 children. This distribution slightly differed from that observed in a previous study conducted by us (Simonetti et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Hiv-1 Drug Resistance Assessment in Pediatric Patients

Simonetti¹,

Lima²,

Schatzmayr³

et al. 2009

VR&R

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Twenty-one vertically HIV-1 infected children were assessed for drug resistance genotyping. Eighteen children presented at least one mutation conferring resistance to the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and seven children presented resistance to the non-nucleoside inhibitors. Among them, two children in whom the therapy had been discontinued two to three years before testing presented K101E, K103N, and G190A mutations conferring resistance to all the non-nucleoside drugs available for treatment. Protease gene mutations conferring resistance to at least two to up to twelve drugs were reported in 12 children. Studies in HIV-infected children have a particular meaning, and with antiretroviral therapy becoming more widely available, surveillance of viral resistance regional levels is relevant for treatment guidelines, supporting the rational use of antiretroviral drugs by treatment programs. Additional larger studies are still required to give more information on HIV-1 drug resistance in pediatric patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Hiv-1 Drug Resistance Assessment in Pediatric Patients

Simonetti¹,

Lima²,

Schatzmayr³

et al. 2009

VR&R

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“…ART is now becoming an affordable option in resourcelimited countries, where most HIV-1 infections occur, but without viral-load monitoring, the spread of drug-resistant virus strains has to be anticipated (12,24 ). Unfortunately, current commercial viral-load monitoring assays were designed for use in affluent industrialized countries and are thus optimized to work best on HIV-1 subtype B (13,14,25,26 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive Monitoring of HIV-1 Viral Load by a Low-Cost Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay with Internal Control for the 5′ Long Terminal Repeat Domain

et al. 2006

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Background: Current HIV-1 viral-load assays are too expensive for resource-limited settings. In some countries, monitoring of antiretroviral therapy is now more expensive than treatment itself. In addition, some commercial assays have shown shortcomings in quantifying rare genotypes. Methods: We evaluated real-time reverse transcription-PCR with internal control targeting the conserved long terminal repeat (LTR) domain of HIV-1 on reference panels and patient samples from Brazil (n ‫؍‬ 1186), South Africa (n ‫؍‬ 130), India (n ‫؍‬ 44), and Germany (n ‫؍‬ 127). Results: The detection limit was 31.9 IU of HIV-1 RNA/mL of plasma (>95% probability of detection, Probit analysis). The internal control showed inhibition in 3.7% of samples (95% confidence interval, 2.32%-5.9%; n ‫؍‬ 454; 40 different runs). Comparative qualitative testing yielded the following: Roche Amplicor vs LTR assay (n ‫؍‬ 431 samples), 51.7% vs 65% positives;

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“…Brasil, apesar da terapia ARV ser gratuita, nos últimos 10 anos, ainda observamos baixas taxas de resistência primá-ria, com exceção de algumas cidades do país, como Santos (SP) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . , revelando uma distinção epidemiológica naquela região.…”

Section: Métodosunclassified

“…No Brasil, apesar da terapia ARV ser gratuita, nos últimos 10 anos, ainda observamos baixas taxas de resistência primária [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] , mas não há informações disponíveis sobre as crianças. Este estudo tem por objetivo comparar a genotipagem e subtipagem do HIV-1 em crianças experimentadas e virgens de tratamento e comparar os perfis de resistência aos medicamentos usados através da genotipagem nessas crianças.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diversity and prevalence of antiretroviral genotypic resistance mutations among HIV-1-infected children

Almeida¹,

Berezin²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2009

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar a genotipagem e subtipagem em crianças experimentadas e virgens de tratamento, assim como perfis de resistência a medicamentos através da genotipagem nessas crianças. Conclusion:Our results show low rates of primary resistance in ARV-naïve children and high rates of resistance in children failing ARV treatment, which is compatible with ARV use in these patients.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2009;85(2):104-109: HIV, resistance, genotype, child, antiretroviral therapy. Artigo submetido em 08.09.08, aceito em 21.01.09.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1: drug resistance in treated and untreated Brazilian children

Abstract: Twenty-two vertically human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Hiv-1 Drug Resistance Assessment in Pediatric Patients

Hiv-1 Drug Resistance Assessment in Pediatric Patients

Ultrasensitive Monitoring of HIV-1 Viral Load by a Low-Cost Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay with Internal Control for the 5′ Long Terminal Repeat Domain

Diversity and prevalence of antiretroviral genotypic resistance mutations among HIV-1-infected children

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