Human essential fatty acid deficiency: treatment by topical application of linoleic acid

Skolnik, P.

doi:10.1001/archderm.113.7.939

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…This colour change together with the periodic constrictions produces "flag signs" of Kwashiorkor [19]. Essential fatty acid deficiency also produces marked hair loss with lightening of hair colour [20].…”

Section: Chronic Diffuse Hair Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telogen Effluvium

Liyanage

Sinclair

2016

Cosmetics

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Kligman first coined the term telogen effluvium (TE) in 1961 to describe the state of increased shedding of otherwise normal telogen hairs. TE may be primary or secondary to a wide variety of potential triggers including febrile illness, drugs, thyroid disorders, and child birth. The diagnosis of secondary TE can be made by identifying known triggers from the history in the 3-4 months preceding the onset of increased hair shedding and by investigating to exclude endocrine, nutritional, or auto immune aetiologies. Scalp biopsy to identify the earliest stages of androgenetic alopecia may be required in some cases. Primary TE may be acute or chronic. In acute TE, the shedding resolves within 3-6 months and the hair density recovers completely. In chronic TE, the shedding can continue with minor fluctuations in severity for decades. In this review, possible causative factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentations and treatment options are discussed.

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Section: Chronic Diffuse Hair Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telogen Effluvium

Liyanage

Sinclair

2016

Cosmetics

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“…38 Topical products, including safflower and corn oils (both of which do not provide adequate linolenic acid), have been used with slow and unpredictable results and may take 2-3 weeks to take effect. 39,40 In the absence of enteral feedings, the most reliable therapy for EFAD consists of IVFE. The products used in the United States are rich in -6 FAs derived from December 2007 669 soybean oil with or without safflower oils.…”

Section: Efadmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of an Intravenous Fat Emulsion Composed of Fish Oil in a Parenteral Nutrition‐Dependent Patient With Hypertriglyceridemia

Gura¹,

Strijbosch²,

Arnold³

et al. 2007

Nut in Clin Prac

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Hypertriglyceridemia is a common complication in patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). Management typically involves withholding the IV fat emulsion (IVFE) until serum triglyceride levels normalize. In some instances, this practice may predispose patients to the development of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) unless alternative therapies such as oral or topical oils are used. This is especially true in patients unable to tolerate enteral intake. We describe the management of hypertriglyceridemia in a 12-year-old boy dependent on PN who developed EFAD due to prolonged use of fat-free PN. His course was further complicated by PN-associated liver disease. Treatment involved the use of an IVFE derived from fish oils. Within 3 weeks, there was clinical improvement in EFAD and hypertriglyceridemia. The patient's triene:tetraene ratio decreased from 0.207 to 0.044 (normal: 0.013-0.05). Similarly, his serum triglyceride levels decreased from 628 mg/dL to 183 mg/dL (normal: <200 mg/dL). After 2 months of treatment, he was successfully transitioned to enteral feedings; hepatic function normalized, as did the essential fatty acid profile and serum triglycerides levels. This suggests that using fish-oil-based IVFE may be an effective alternative to conventional IVFE in PN-dependent patients whose clinical course is complicated by hypertriglyceridemia.

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“…The hair becomes sparse and less pigmented, and a generalized and periorifi cial dermatitis and thrombocytopenia may develop [214 -217] . The skin returns to normal within weeks and the hair within months of either intravenous essential fatty acid replacement or treatment with topical linoleic acid [215] .…”

Section: Telogen L Oss or Effl Uviummentioning

confidence: 99%

Hair Disorders

Olsen

2011

Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology

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Human essential fatty acid deficiency: treatment by topical application of linoleic acid

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Telogen Effluvium

Telogen Effluvium

The Role of an Intravenous Fat Emulsion Composed of Fish Oil in a Parenteral Nutrition‐Dependent Patient With Hypertriglyceridemia

Hair Disorders

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