Human Endogenous Retrovirus Expression Is Upregulated in the Breast Cancer Microenvironment of HIV Infected Women: A Pilot Study

Curty, Gislaine; Beckerle, Greta A; Íñiguez, Luis P.; Furler, Robert L.; Carvalho, Pedro S. de; Marston, Jez L.; Champiat, Stéphane; Heymann, Jonas J.; Ormsby, Christopher E.; Reyes‐Terán, Gustavo; Soares, Marcelo A.; Nixon, Douglas F.; Bendall, Matthew L.; Leal, Fábio E.; Rougvie, Miguel de Mulder

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.553983

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Members of HERV-K that can replicate may cause disease if activated (Garcia-Montojo et al, 2018). In recent years, it was found that the abnormal expression of HERV-K protein and reverse transcriptional elements may lead to the development of pathological conditions (Qadir et al, 2017;Grandi and Tramontano, 2018;Küry et al, 2018;Matteucci et al, 2018;Kaplan et al, 2019;Alcazer et al, 2020;Curty et al, 2020;Salavatiha et al, 2020). HML-2 is the most active member of the HERV-K family and has the shortest time to integrate into the human genome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RNA expression and protein products of HERV-K (HML-2) have been found in a variety of autoimmune diseases and malignancies (Evans et al, 2009;Serafino et al, 2009;Tai et al, 2009;Reiche et al, 2010;Downey et al, 2015;Küry et al, 2018;Matteucci et al, 2018;White et al, 2018;Levet et al, 2019;Alcazer et al, 2020;Curty et al, 2020;Salavatiha et al, 2020). Despite an increasing number of these reports, no causal relationship has been identified (Hurst et al, 2016;Qadir et al, 2017;Bannert et al, 2018;Matteucci et al, 2018;White et al, 2018;Kaplan et al, 2019;Levet et al, 2019;Curty et al, 2020;Salavatiha et al, 2020). Some pathological conditions may be related to the upregulation of RNA transcription of HERV-K (HML-2), the irregular expression of viral proteins and viral particles, or the production of autoantibodies against HERV-K ( Jones et al, 2012;Hurst et al, 2016;White et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection by Diverse HIV-1 Subtypes Leads to Different Elevations in HERV-K Transcriptional Levels in Human T Cell Lines

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) make up ~8% of the human genome, and for millions of years, they have been subject to strict biological regulation. Many HERVs do not participate in normal physiological activities in the body. However, in some pathological conditions, they can be abnormally activated. For example, HIV infection can cause abnormal activation of HERVs, and under different infection conditions, HERV expression may be different. We observed significant differences in HERV-K transcription levels among HIV-1 subtype-infected individuals. The transcriptional levels in the HERV-K gag region were significantly increased in HIV-1 B subtype-infected patients, while the transcriptional levels in the HERV-K pol region were significantly increased in CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC subtype-infected patients. In vitro, the transcriptional levels of HEVR-K were increased 5-fold and 15-fold in MT2 cells transfected with two different HIV-1 strains (B and CRF01_AE, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in transcriptional levels among regions of HERV-K. When MT2 cells were infected with different subtypes of HIV-1 Tat proteins (B, CRF01_AE), which is constructed by lentiviruses, and the transcription levels of HERV-K were increased 4-fold and 2-fold, respectively. Thus, different subtypes of HIV-1 have different effects on HERV-K transcription levels, which may be caused by many factors, not only Tat protein.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection by Diverse HIV-1 Subtypes Leads to Different Elevations in HERV-K Transcriptional Levels in Human T Cell Lines

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Meanwhile, Zhu et al 21 identi ed a ferroptosis-related gene signature and explored the immune cells in ltration. In this study, several ARlncRNAs included in the modeling process have been already reported in various malignant tumors, such as CARD8-AS1 22 23 , AC060780.1 24 , AC123595.1 25 26 , UGDH-AS1 27 , LINC00996 28 , LINC00861 29 30 31 , AL606489.1 17 , HLA-DQB1-AS1 32 , LINC00654 33 LINC00847 34 35 . While others have not been discovered yet and may be potential novel biomarkers for further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Identification of an Autophagy-Related lncRNA Prognostic Signature and Related Tumor Immunity Research in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Chen

Sang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Autophagy is closely associated with the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In the present study, we established a signature based on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) related to autophagy (ARlncRNAs) to investigate the TIME and survival of LUAD patients.Methods: We selected ARlncRNAs associated with prognosis to construct a model, and divided each sample into different groups based on risk score. Subsequently, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to investigate the survival outcomes of LUAD patients in different group. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis explored the enriched pathways and functions. Several bioinformatics analyses were conducted to explore the TIME of LUAD patients in different group.Results: The ARlncRNAs signature could be recognized as an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients, and patients in the low-risk group had a greater survival advantage. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that several immune functions and pathways were enriched in different groups. A high-risk score correlated significantly negatively with high abundance of immune cells and stromal cells around the tumor and high tumor mutational burden (TMB). Low-risk patients had a higher PD-1, CTLA-4 and HAVCR2 expression, and had a better efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs), including PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitor.Conclusions: A reliable signature based on ARlncRNAs was constructed to explore the TIME and prognosis of LUAD patients, which could provide valuable information for individualized LUAD treatment.

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“…Telescope, used for retroelement identification, shows lower false positive rates (below 0.1%) when compared to other algorithms designed for the same purpose [ 27 ]. We think this is an assignment error specific to cervical cancer, since we did not detect expression of this locus in tumor cells of other cancers, such as breast, head and neck cancer [ 33 , 35 ]. Also, we found a high identity of HARLEQUIN_Yq11.221c sequence to another element in chromosome 3 (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are classified into high-risk, potentially highrisk or low-risk genotypes for cervical cancer, based on their carcinogenic properties and epidemiologic studies. High-risk HPV are 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59 and 68, while the potentially high-risk types are 53, 66, 70, 73, and 82. HPV16 and 18 are the most frequent high-risk types, accounting for approximately 70% of all invasive cervical cancer cases worldwide [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Retroelements in Cervical Cancer and Their Interplay with HPV Infection and Host Gene Expression

Curty

Menezes

Brant

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Retroelements are expressed in diverse types of cancer and are related to tumorigenesis and to cancer progression. We characterized the expression of retroelements in cervical cancer and explored their interplay with HPV infection and their association with expression of neighboring genes. Forty biopsies of invasive cervical carcinoma (squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas) with genotyped HPV were selected and analyzed for human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) and long interspersed nuclear element 1 (L1) expression through RNA-seq data. We found 8060 retroelements expressed in the samples and a negative correlation of DNA methyltransferase 1 expression with the two most expressed L1 elements. A total of 103 retroelements were found differentially expressed between tumor histological types and between HPV types, including several HERV families (HERV-K, HERV-H, HERV-E, HERV-I and HERV-L). The comparison between HPV mono- and co-infections showed the highest proportion of differentially expressed L1 elements. The location of retroelements affected neighboring gene expression, such as shown for the interleukin-20 gene family. Three HERVs and seven L1 were located close to this gene family and two L1 showed a positive association with IL20RB expression. This study describes the expression of retroelements in cervical cancer and shows their association with HPV status and host gene expression.

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Human Endogenous Retrovirus Expression Is Upregulated in the Breast Cancer Microenvironment of HIV Infected Women: A Pilot Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 85 publications

Infection by Diverse HIV-1 Subtypes Leads to Different Elevations in HERV-K Transcriptional Levels in Human T Cell Lines

Infection by Diverse HIV-1 Subtypes Leads to Different Elevations in HERV-K Transcriptional Levels in Human T Cell Lines

Identification of an Autophagy-Related lncRNA Prognostic Signature and Related Tumor Immunity Research in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Expression of Retroelements in Cervical Cancer and Their Interplay with HPV Infection and Host Gene Expression

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