HTLV-1/2 seroprevalence and coinfection rate in Brazilian first-time blood donors: an 11-year follow-up

Pinto, Mariana Tomazini; Rodrigues, Evandra Strazza; Malta, Tathiane M; Azevedo, Rochele; Takayanagui, Osvaldo Massaiti; Valente, Vanderléia Bárbaro; Ubiali, Eugênia Maria Amorim; Covas, Dimas Tadeu; Kashima, Simone

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652012000300002

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Among our study subjects, 7 men were infected with HCV and 8 were infected with HTLV. Contrary to the results of a recent study conducted in Brazil which showed a very high association between HTLV and hepatotropic viruses [34], in our study, HTLV infection was predominantly found as a mono-infection (5/8 individuals, 63%). In contrast, HCV only appeared as a co-infection with the other agents.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

HIV-1, HBV, HCV, HTLV, HPV-16/18, and Treponema pallidum Infections in a Sample of Brazilian Men Who Have Sex with Men

Soares

Georg²,

Lampe³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundMen who have sex with men (MSM) are more vulnerable to blood-borne infections and/or sexually-transmitted infections (STI). This study was conducted to estimate the prevalences of mono and co-infections of HIV-1 and other blood-borne/STIs in a sample of MSM in Campinas, Brazil.MethodsResponding Driven Sampling (RDS) was used for recruitment of MSM. Serum samples collected from 558 MSM were analyzed for the presence of serological markers for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, HTLV, HPV-16/18, and T. pallidum infections.ResultsThe highest prevalences of infection in serum samples were found for HPV-16 and 18 (31.9% and 20.3%, respectively). Approximately 8% of the study population showed infection with HIV-1, and within that group, 27.5% had recently become infected with HIV-1. HBV infection and syphilis were detected in 11.4% and 10% of the study population, respectively, and the rates of HTLV and HCV infection were 1.5% and 1%, respectively. With the exception of HTLV, all other studied infections were usually found as co-infections rather then mono-infections. The rates of co-infection for HCV, HPV-18, and HIV-1 were the highest among the studied infections (100%, 83%, and 85%, respectively). Interestingly, HTLV infection was usually found as a mono-infection in the study group, whereas HCV was found only as a co-infection.ConclusionsThe present findings highlight the need to educate the MSM population concerning their risk for STIs infections and methods of prevention. Campaigns to encourage vaccination against HBV and HPV could decrease the rates of these infections in MSM.

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“…It has also been found in locations including Central and South America, 7) Sweden, 15) Spain, 16) and Brazil, 17) and its roots are believed to lie in the indigenous peoples of areas such as the Florida peninsula of the United States, the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico, and Panama. 5) In this study, it was interesting that we detected an HTLV-2-positive infectant in China.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antibodies to Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Types 1 and 2 in Breast Milk from East Asian Women

Matsubara

Sagara

Kato

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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We investigated the incidence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) infection in a total of 17 regions in four countries, including 13 regions in Japan, as well as Korea (Seoul and Busan), China, and Vietnam, by testing breast milk using a particle agglutination assay (PA) and line immunoassay (LIA). Among 266 samples from Japan, 24 (9.0%) were positive on PA and 3 (1.1%) were positive on LIA. Among 50 samples from Seoul, 2 were positive on PA and 1 was positive on LIA. In contrast, all 50 samples from Busan were negative on both tests, suggesting the maldistribution of HTLV-1 infectants in South Korea. The numbers of positive samples were 2/91 on PA and 1/91 on LIA for China and 1/88 on both PA and LIA for Vietnam. In China, one sample with a high probability of HTLV-2 infection was identified by LIA and synthetic peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We examined HTLV-1 antibody in breast milk samples using commercially available test kits, suggesting the existence of HTLV-1 carriers in endemic areas in Southeast Asia and an HTLV-2 infectant in China. As a part of human ethno-epidemiological research, these results constitute valuable epidemiological data. Further studies on the sensitivity, specificity, and reliability of assays using antibodies to HTLV-1 and 2 in breast milk will be necessary for large-scale epidemiological surveys of HTLV infection.Key words breast milk; human T-cell leukemia virus type II; line immunoassay; particle agglutination assay Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a malignant CD4-positive T-cell neoplasm caused by infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1). Because HTLV-1 is a retrovirus, its genomic RNA is incorporated into target cells, and DNA is incorporated into the host genome as a provirus via reverse transcriptase.

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“…Though human retroviruses have worldwide distribution (Goubau et al, 1992; Vrielink and Reesink, 2004; Proietti et al, 2005), dually infected subjects have been mainly diagnosed in large metropolitan area or in endemic regions (Briggs et al, 1995; Dezzutti et al, 1998; Araujo et al, 2002; Morimoto et al, 2005; Magri et al, 2012, 2013). Because HTLV screening is not routinely performed in many countries and is not always recommended by physicians to outpatients, the seroprevalence of co-infection is underestimated (Beilke, 2012; Pinto et al, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-1/-2 and HIV-1 co-infections: retroviral interference on host immune status

Pilotti¹,

Bianchi²,

Maria³

et al. 2013

Front. Microbiol.

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The human retroviruses HIV-1 and HTLV-1/HTLV-2 share similar routes of transmission but cause significantly different diseases. In this review we have outlined the immune mediated mechanisms by which HTLVs affect HIV-1 disease in co-infected hosts. During co-infection with HIV-1, HTLV-2 modulates the cellular microenvironment favoring its own viability and inhibiting HIV-1 progression. This is achieved when the HTLV-2 proviral load is higher than that of HIV-1, and thanks to the ability of HTLV-2 to: (i) up-regulate viral suppressive CCL3L1 chemokine expression; (ii) overcome HIV-1 capacity to activate the JAK/STAT pathway; (iii) reduce the activation of T and NK cells; (iv) modulate the host miRNA profiles. These alterations of immune functions have been mainly attributed to the effects of the HTLV-2 regulatory protein Tax and suggest that HTLV-2 exerts a protective role against HIV-1 infection. Contrary to HIV-1/HTLV-2, the effect of HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infection on immunological and pathological conditions is still controversial. There is evidence that indicates a worsening of HIV-1 infection, while other evidence does not show clinically relevant effects in HIV-positive people. Possible differences on innate immune mechanisms and a particularly impact on NK cells are becoming evident. The differences between the two HIV-1/HTLV-1 and HIV-1/HTLV-2 co-infections are highlighted and further discussed.

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“…Estudos epidemiológicos demonstram que o Brasil é considerado o país com o maior número absoluto de indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1, com cerca de 2,5 milhões de pessoas infectadas (CATALAN-SOARES et al, 2005). Na região de Ribeirão Preto, relatamos que 0,1% dos doadores de primeira vez possuem sorologia positiva para HTLV-1/2 (PINTO et al, 2012).…”

Section: Epidemiologia E Transmissãounclassified

Avaliação do efeito imunomodulador das células mesenquimais estromais humanas em linfócitos T infectados pelo HTLV-1

Sandoval¹,

Haddad²

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“…Foram utilizados primers para amplificação das regiões tax e LTR do genoma do HTLV-1, e para as regiões pxA, pxB e LTR do genoma do HTLV-2 (Tabela 1). A reação de PCR foi realizada de acordo com (Pinto et al, 2012 Para a construção da curva padrão foi utilizada a linhagem MT2 (item 3.6), que contém 2,1 cópias do gene tax por célula (Albrecht et al, 1998 As amostras foram submetidas às condições de ciclagem: 25°C por 10 minutos, 37°C por 120 minutos e 85°C por 5 minutos.…”

Section: Reação De Amplificação Por Reação Em Cadeia Da Polimerase (Pcr)unclassified

Estudo funcional de microRNAs na infecção pelo HTLV-1

Otaguiri¹

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Aos meus pais, Alberto e Denise, que em todos esses anos me ensinaram a importância da construção e coerência de meus próprios valores. Obrigada pelo maior exemplo de amor e união, pelo carinho, apoio e paciência durante todos esses anos e, principalmente, por sempre acreditarem em mim. E obrigada por me darem os melhores irmãos.Ao meu namorado, companheiro e acima de tudo amigo, Sante, por me entender e sempre me apoiar em todas as decisões. Obrigada ainda por respeitar meu silêncio e compartilhar meus sorrisos. E obrigada por sempre me acompanhar ao laboratório quando os experimentos iam até altas horas.A toda minha família que sempre acreditaram e se orgulharam de mim. Espero nunca decepcioná-los.Aos meus queridos amigos Tuka, Buda, Saddam e Kenji por, apesar de longe, sempre estarem comigo de uma forma ou de outra. Obrigada pela confiança, pelo respeito e pela sólida amizade, que espero que dure por longos anos.Aos meus grandes amigos: Funério e Xis, por anos de sincera amizade e serem grandes exemplos de inteligência, dedicação e companheirismo. Paula Tej, pela amizade, carinho e torcida, tu é mi amor. Paty, minha irmãzinha, por todo o carinho, ajuda e por sempre se lembrar de mim. E Paula Dias, por sempre aparecer e deixar meus dias mais alegres.O maior perigo que se coloca para o agradecimento seletivo não é decidir quem incluir, mas decidir quem não mencionar. Então, a meus amigos que, de uma forma ou de outra, contribuíram com sua amizade e com sugestões efetivas para a realização deste trabalho, gostaria de expressar minha mais profunda gratidão. O vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV-1) foi o primeiro retrovírus descrito e está etiologicamente ligado a duas principais doenças: a leucemia/linfoma de célula T do adulto (ATLL) e a mielopatia associada ao HTLV-1/paraparesia espástica tropical (HAM/TSP). Apenas 0,3 a 5% dos indivíduos infectados desenvolvem essas doenças associadas, enquanto a maioria permanece assintomática. A HAM/TSP é uma manifestação inflamatória do sistema nervoso central e o mecanismo pelo qual o HTLV-1 induz o surgimento de HAM/TSP ainda não está totalmente esclarecido. Atualmente, uma abordagem promissora no entendimento de mecanismos, bem como na fisiopatogênese das infecções virais tem sido a avaliação da função de microRNAs (miRNAs). Há poucos dados na literatura envolvendo estas moléculas na infecção pelo HTLV-1 em linfócitos T CD4 + bem como no estabelecimento da doença HAM/TSP. No presente estudo, foi avaliada a expressão de miRNAs dos linfócitos T CD4 + isolados de portadores sem HAM/TSP (HAC), pacientes HAM/TSP e indivíduos sadios (CT) por meio de PCR em tempo real. A análise do perfil de expressão dos miRNAs nessas células revelou que 56 e 10 miRNAs apresentavamse mais 1,5 vezes aumentados no grupo HAM/TSP e HAC, respectivamente. O miR125b-1-1 apresentou expressão significamente maior no grupo HAC e o miR-146a, no grupo HAM/TSP. A análise in silico de predição de alvo demonstrou que o gene IFNG era potencialmente alvo do miR-125b-1-1 e os genes IRAK1 e TRAF6 do mi...

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HTLV-1/2 seroprevalence and coinfection rate in Brazilian first-time blood donors: an 11-year follow-up

Cited by 39 publications

References 39 publications

HIV-1, HBV, HCV, HTLV, HPV-16/18, and Treponema pallidum Infections in a Sample of Brazilian Men Who Have Sex with Men

Detection of Antibodies to Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Types 1 and 2 in Breast Milk from East Asian Women

HTLV-1/-2 and HIV-1 co-infections: retroviral interference on host immune status

Avaliação do efeito imunomodulador das células mesenquimais estromais humanas em linfócitos T infectados pelo HTLV-1

Estudo funcional de microRNAs na infecção pelo HTLV-1

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