How to count coughs? Counting by ear, the effect of visual data and the evaluation of an automated cough monitor

Turner, Richard; Bothamley, Graham

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2014.10.003

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Sensitivity of ≥0.90 has been recommended for cough monitoring to be clinically useful (2). With a sensitivity of 0.94 in our study, LCM performance is consistent with other cough monitor systems (2,(23)(24)(25)(26). However, it has to be acknowledged that the performance of systems may vary according to patient population and the specific circumstances of application, for example the duration of recording and the environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Cough frequency monitors: can they discriminate patient from environmental coughs?

et al. 2016

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Background: Objective cough frequency measurements are increasingly applied in clinical research.Technological advances enable automated detection and counting of cough events from sound recordings of many hours' duration. A possible limitation of sound-based cough frequency measurement is the contamination of recordings by environmental coughs (coughs from persons other than the patient). This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of a sound-based cough monitor for detecting and discriminating patient cough from environmental cough. Methods: As part of a stroke trial (ISRCTN40298220), patients on a hospital ward underwent 15-minute recordings using the Leicester Cough Monitor (LCM), a sound-based cough monitor ('semi-automated counts'). Participants and other persons in the environment were prompted to cough. An observer present in the room recorded the number of patient and environmental coughs ('live counts'). LCM counts were also compared against a manual cough count, the most commonly used gold standard to determine accuracy ('manual sound counts' from listening to recordings), by a blinded assessor who cross-referenced timed cough events from the respective methods. Data for automated, manual and live cough counts were analyzed using agreement statistics. Results: On sound recordings from five patients, there were 65 patient coughs and 78 environmental coughs (manual counts). Absolute agreement for patient cough count between all three measurement methods (LCM automated, live, and manual sound counts) was high, with intra-class correlation coefficient

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Cough frequency monitors: can they discriminate patient from environmental coughs?

et al. 2016

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“…Meanwhile, cough frequency monitoring technology is also the most mature one among the present objective cough assessment technology researches [22]. Manual counting of cough sounds remains the reference standard because compared with other tools, the human ear performs best in counting cough events [35,36]. Even so, the arduous and timeconsuming nature of manually counting cough events restricts its feasibility in larger-scale studies and clinical application [35].…”

Section: Audio-based Cough Monitoring Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manual counting of cough sounds remains the reference standard because compared with other tools, the human ear performs best in counting cough events [35,36]. Even so, the arduous and timeconsuming nature of manually counting cough events restricts its feasibility in larger-scale studies and clinical application [35]. Therefore, automatic monitoring of cough sounds is a development trend of objective cough evaluation.…”

Section: Audio-based Cough Monitoring Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The device achieved a sensitivity of 91% for detecting explosive cough sounds and a specificity of 94% on voluntary cough [47]. However, in a study led by Turner and Bothamley, the device only had a sensitivity of 26% for detecting coughs identified by the ear [35] and it performed very well when detecting coughing caused by acute asthma [48].…”

Section: Cough Monitors With Mixedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory and Application of Audio-Based Assessment of Cough

et al. 2018

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Cough is a common symptom of many respiratory diseases. Many medical literatures underline that a system for the automatic, objective, and reliable detection of cough events is important and very promising to detect pathology severity in chronic cough disease. In order to track the development status of an audio-based cough monitoring system, we briefly described the history of objective cough detection and then illustrated the cough sound generating principle. The probable endpoints of cough clinical studies, including cough frequency, intensity of coughing, and acoustic properties of cough sound, were analyzed in this paper. Finally, we introduce some successful cough monitoring equipment and their recognition algorithm in detail. It can be obtained that, firstly, acoustic variability of cough sounds within and between individuals makes it difficult to assess the intensity of coughing. Furthermore, now great progress in audio-based cough detection is being made. Moreover, accurate portable objective monitoring systems will be available and widely used in home care and clinical trials in the near future.

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“…This should be carried out in a large range of patients and respiratory conditions, as well as in healthy controls, and repeated over time, during the natural history of disease and in response to treatments. This will be made possible by agreement on how to count coughs, and the further development and increased availability of automated cough monitoring [5][6][7]. Objective cough counts should then be related to clinical and genetic variables [8], measures of respiratory tract inflammation ( possibly including profiles of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [9]) and neuronal and central factors [1,10], and compared with subjective concerns and symptoms (table 1) [6,7].…”

Section: Cough Hypersensitivity Syndrome: Clinical Measurement Is Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Cough hypersensitivity syndrome: clinical measurement is the key to progress

Turner

Bothamley

2015

Eur Respir J

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How to count coughs? Counting by ear, the effect of visual data and the evaluation of an automated cough monitor

Abstract: Coughs are well recognised by different listeners. The method used to count coughs should be clearly described as visual information has a significant influence. Non-automated cough counting remains the gold standard method of quantifying cough.

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Cough frequency monitors: can they discriminate patient from environmental coughs?

Cough frequency monitors: can they discriminate patient from environmental coughs?

Theory and Application of Audio-Based Assessment of Cough

Cough hypersensitivity syndrome: clinical measurement is the key to progress

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