How much can chemical recycling contribute to plastic waste recycling in Europe? An assessment using material flow analysis modeling

Lase, Irdanto Saputra; Tonini, Davide; Caro, Dario; Albizzati, Paola Federica; Cristóbal, Jorge; Roosen, Martijn; Kusenberg, Marvin; Ragaert, Kim; Dewulf, Jo; Meester, Steven De

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.106916

Cited by 45 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…However, it is expected to decrease in the future as the emphasis shifts toward polymer and chemical production. 136…”

Section: Selection Of Recycling Processes For Packaging Films With Pv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling

Ait‐Touchente,

Khellaf,

Raffin

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling is crucial for mitigating the environmental impact of PVC wastes, which take decades to decompose in landfills. This review examines the current state of PVC recycling processes, focusing on challenges and future research opportunities. It explores the types and sources of PVC wastes, including post‐consumer, industrial, and construction wastes. Conventional recycling methods such as mechanical, thermal, and chemical recycling are discussed, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and successful applications. Furthermore, recent advances in PVC recycling, including biological, plasma‐assisted, and solvent‐based recycling, are explored, considering their potential benefits and challenges. The review emphasizes the European context of PVC recycling, as the region has implemented regulatory initiatives and collaborations. It points out the Circular Economy Action Plan and directives targeting PVC waste management, which have promoted recycling and established a supportive framework. Challenges of current PVC recycling methods and technologies, such as low yield and high energy consumption, are identified. The review calls for the development of efficient and cost‐effective recycling technologies, along with improvements in recycling infrastructure and consumer awareness. Assessing the environmental and economic impacts, PVC recycling significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions and conserves resources compared to virgin PVC production. The economic benefits include job creation and reduced raw material costs.

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“…However, it is expected to decrease in the future as the emphasis shifts toward polymer and chemical production. 136…”

Section: Selection Of Recycling Processes For Packaging Films With Pv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting that the conversion rate of plastic to fuel presently ranges from 3% to 6%. However, it is expected to decrease in the future as the emphasis shifts toward polymer and chemical production 136 …”

Section: Other Challenges Related To the Pvc Recycling Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling

Ait‐Touchente,

Khellaf,

Raffin

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Meaning downstream Typical requirements steam cracker [mg kg -1 ] Typical values waste derived oils [mg kg -1 ] nitrogen (e.g., NH a refinement chain and residual fractions would have to be used thermally. To meet the claim that chemical recycling is complementary to mechanical recycling -which is from today's perspective the most promising scenario regarding the actual realization of sufficient recycling rates [94] -the processes must therefore be developed in such a way that contaminated fractions that are difficult to recycle, such as sorting residues, can also be chemically processed. Despite good pre-sorting of plastic waste, impurities can get into the products to a very high degree, as shown by investigations on corresponding sorting fractions of PE films, MPO and PP bodies with more than 98 % polyolefin content [85].…”

Section: Component Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Waste Utilization via Chemical Recycling: Approaches, Limitations, and the Challenges Ahead

Biessey

Vogel

Seitz

et al. 2023

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Chemical recycling offers the opportunity to foster the transition towards a circular economy for plastics as a complementary strategy for mechanical recycling. For the implementation of chemical recycling technologies, there are still significant challenges ahead that -besides the definition of binding legal frameworks -need for intensified research: knowledgebased methods for both the identification of suitable process technologies considering decentralized waste conditions and the design of conversion steps and downstream processing are strongly needed for process development and process evaluation.

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“…11 In the dissolution–precipitation process, post-consumer or post-industrial waste plastics are dissolved into a solvent followed by a filtration step to remove any undissolved contaminants such as dirt, fillers, other polymers, etc. 11–18 The dissolved polymer can be recovered as a pure resin via three methods: (1) addition of an anti-solvent; (2) evaporating the solvent from the polymer solution; (3) reducing the temperature of polymer solution to recover the polymer as a precipitate. 13,19,20 One of the advantages of this recycling technology is higher product yields compared to conventional mechanical recycling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%