How do I begin? Sensing extracellular stress to maintain yeast cell wall integrity

Jendretzki, Arne; Wittland, Janina; Wilk, Sabrina; Straede, Andrea; Heinisch, Jürgen J.

doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2011.04.006

Cited by 83 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Because of the severity of the growth defects in different sensor deletion mutants, Wsc1 and Mid2 have been suggested to contribute to the bulk of CWI signaling, with partially overlapping functions (13,14). However, the differential responses of wsc1-and mid2-null mutants to different stress agents in serial-dilution assays and in transcriptome analyses suggest that the sensors evolved to specialize in different responses (19,36).…”

Section: Not All Sensors Are the Samementioning

confidence: 98%

“…It should be noted that a similar protein, Wsc4, does not reside at the plasma membrane and thus is not a CWI sensor. The two families differ in the amino-terminal head group, which is presumed to physically connect with cell wall polysaccharides and/or proteins (13). In Wsc-type sensors, the head group is composed of a region comprising eight cysteine residues (CRD for cysteine-rich domain, also referred to as a WSC domain) that has features reminiscent of a lectin binding domain and is presumed to be in contact with the cell wall glucans (14,15).…”

Section: Sensor Structures and Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Up against the Wall: Is Yeast Cell Wall Integrity Ensured by Mechanosensing in Plasma Membrane Microdomains?

Kock

Dufrêne

Heinisch

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bYeast cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling serves as a model of the regulation of fungal cell wall synthesis and provides the basis for the development of antifungal drugs. A set of five membrane-spanning sensors (Wsc1 to Wsc3, Mid2, and Mtl1) detect cell surface stress and commence the signaling pathway upon perturbations of either the cell wall structure or the plasma membrane. We here summarize the latest advances in the structure/function relationship primarily of the Wsc1 sensor and critically review the evidence that it acts as a mechanosensor. The relevance and physiological significance of the information obtained for the function of the other CWI sensors, as well as expected future developments, are discussed.

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Section: Not All Sensors Are the Samementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Sensor Structures and Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up against the Wall: Is Yeast Cell Wall Integrity Ensured by Mechanosensing in Plasma Membrane Microdomains?

Kock

Dufrêne

Heinisch

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In yeast five plasma membrane-localized proteins act as cell wall stress (CWS) sensors and are encoded by two different gene families (WSCs 1-3 and MTL2/MID2) (Jendretzki et al, 2011). While they exhibit very limited amino acid sequence similarity, they do share a common overall structure.…”

Section: Stimulus Perception and Signal Generation In Yeast Cell Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

The plant cell wall integrity maintenance mechanism – A case study of a cell wall plasma membrane signaling network

Hamann

2015

Phytochemistry

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“…The library preparation and RNA sequencing were performed by the Genome Access Technology Center at Washington University (). The bar code sequences were trimmed to 42 bp, and quality-filtered reads were mapped to the H99 reference genome sequence prepared by the Broad Institute () using Bow tie 2.1.0 as implemented in the TopHat-Cufflinks suite (21, 47). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross Talk between the Cell Wall Integrity and Cyclic AMP/Protein Kinase A Pathways in Cryptococcus neoformans

Donlin

Upadhya

Gerik

et al. 2014

mBio

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Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen of immunocompromised people that causes fatal meningitis. The fungal cell wall is essential to viability and pathogenesis of C. neoformans, and biosynthesis and repair of the wall is primarily controlled by the cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathway. Previous work has shown that deletion of genes encoding the four major kinases in the CWI signaling pathway, namely, PKC1, BCK1, MKK2, and MPK1 results in severe cell wall phenotypes, sensitivity to a variety of cell wall stressors, and for Mpk1, reduced virulence in a mouse model. Here, we examined the global transcriptional responses to gene deletions of BCK1, MKK2, and MPK1 compared to wild-type cells. We found that over 1,000 genes were differentially expressed in one or more of the deletion strains, with 115 genes differentially expressed in all three strains, many of which have been identified as genes regulated by the cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. Biochemical measurements of cAMP levels in the kinase deletion strains revealed significantly less cAMP in all of the deletion strains compared to the wild-type strain. The deletion strains also produced significantly smaller capsules than the wild-type KN99 strain did under capsule-inducing conditions, although the levels of capsule they shed were similar to those shed by the wild type. Finally, addition of exogenous cAMP led to reduced sensitivity to cell wall stress and restored surface capsule to levels near those of wild type. Thus, we have direct evidence of cross talk between the CWI and cAMP/PKA pathways that may have important implications for regulation of cell wall and capsule homeostasis.

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How do I begin? Sensing extracellular stress to maintain yeast cell wall integrity

Cited by 83 publications

References 41 publications

Up against the Wall: Is Yeast Cell Wall Integrity Ensured by Mechanosensing in Plasma Membrane Microdomains?

Up against the Wall: Is Yeast Cell Wall Integrity Ensured by Mechanosensing in Plasma Membrane Microdomains?

The plant cell wall integrity maintenance mechanism – A case study of a cell wall plasma membrane signaling network

Cross Talk between the Cell Wall Integrity and Cyclic AMP/Protein Kinase A Pathways in Cryptococcus neoformans

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