How do car crashes happen among young drivers aged 18–20 years? Typical circumstances in relation to license status, alcohol impairment and injury consequences

Hasselberg, Marie; Laflamme, Lucie

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2009.03.012

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Another Norwegian survey indicates that males are considerably more prone than females to exceed speed limits 35. Non-collision injuries among young males have been associated with impaired26 27 and unlicensed26 driving in Swedish studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The time-at-risk data were approximates because we had no data on road traffic exposure. Ideally, driver's license information and individual driver and passenger kilometres should have been available 13 26. The association with low paternal income could be underestimated if participants in low income families had less access to motor vehicles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social inequalities in road traffic deaths at age 16–20 years among all 611 654 Norwegians born between 1967 and 1976: a multilevel analysis

et al. 2011

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BackgroundRoad traffic injury is a major cause of death among youths.AimsTo estimate mortality differences in family socioeconomic position (SEP) and municipal disadvantage level.MethodsData on all Norwegians born in 1967–76, gathered from national registries, were linked by a unique national identification number. The 611 654 participants were followed-up for 5 years from age 16 years. Parental education level, father's income level, and proportion of high-income earners in the municipality served as SEP indicators. Associations between SEP and road traffic deaths were analysed by multilevel Poisson regression.ResultsRoad traffic deaths (n=676, rate 22.2 per 100 000 person-years) constituted a major cause of death, of which 91.9% were motor vehicle occupants. SEP distributions differed according to gender and type of motor vehicle crash (collision, non-collision). There was an inverse relationship between municipal proportions of high-income earners and mortality (population attributable fraction (PAF) 0.43, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.53) in all categories of gender-specific crash types. Family SEP gradients were not found except for male non-collision deaths, where increasing mortality was found in association with decreasing parental education level (PAF 0.94, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.99) and increasing paternal income (PAF 0.25, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.40).ConclusionThe different SEP patterns for road traffic deaths across gender and motor vehicle crash type illustrate that heterogeneity of social inequalities in health can be found even within narrow age bands and for similar causes of death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social inequalities in road traffic deaths at age 16–20 years among all 611 654 Norwegians born between 1967 and 1976: a multilevel analysis

et al. 2011

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“…In Sweden, as mentioned above, people must be 18 years old before they can take their full driver's license. They may however start to learn at the age of 16 but they must have a learner's permit and be accompanied by a person with valid license while driving [18]. Study subjects without a date of issue of a full driver's license at the time of crash were defined as unlicensed drivers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Driving unlicensed, in turn, might be biased to particular circumstances and settings [11]. A recent Swedish study indicates for instance an over-representation of unlicensed drivers in crashes involving young drivers characterized as single-vehicle crashes, alcohol/drug impairment, and night-time driving [18]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Road traffic crash circumstances and consequences among young unlicensed drivers: A Swedish cohort study on socioeconomic disparities

et al. 2010

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BackgroundYoung car drivers run a higher risk of road traffic crash and injury not only because of their lack of experience but also because of their young age and their greater propensity for adopting unsafe driving practices. Also, low family socioeconomic position increases the risk of crash and of severe crash in particular. Whether this holds true for young unlicensed drivers as well is not known. Increasing attention is being drawn to the prevalence and practice of unlicensed driving among young people as an important contributor to road traffic fatalities.MethodsThis is a population-based cohort study linking Swedish national register data for a cohort of 1 616 621 individuals born between 1977 and 1991. Crash circumstances for first-time road traffic crash (RTC) were compared considering licensed and unlicensed drivers. The socioeconomic distribution of injury was assessed considering household socioeconomic position, social welfare benefits, and level of urbanicity of the living area. The main outcome measure is relative risk of RTC.ResultsRTCs involving unlicensed drivers were over-represented among male drivers, suspected impaired drivers, severe injuries, crashes occurring in higher speed limit areas, and in fair road conditions. Unlicensed drivers from families in a lower socioeconomic position showed increased relative risks for RTC in the range of 1.75 to 3.25. Those living in rural areas had an increased relative risk for a severe RTC of 3.29 (95% CI 2.47 - 4.39) compared to those living in metropolitan areas.ConclusionsAt the time of the crash, young unlicensed drivers display more risky driving practices than their licensed counterparts. Just as licensed drivers, unlicensed young people from low socioeconomic positions are over-represented in the most severe injury crashes. Whether the mechanisms lying behind those similarities compare between these groups remains to be determined.

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Examining the influence of aggressive driving behavior on driver injury severity in traffic crashes

Paleti

Eluru

Bhat

2010

Accident Analysis & Prevention

211

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How do car crashes happen among young drivers aged 18–20 years? Typical circumstances in relation to license status, alcohol impairment and injury consequences

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

Social inequalities in road traffic deaths at age 16–20 years among all 611 654 Norwegians born between 1967 and 1976: a multilevel analysis

Social inequalities in road traffic deaths at age 16–20 years among all 611 654 Norwegians born between 1967 and 1976: a multilevel analysis

Road traffic crash circumstances and consequences among young unlicensed drivers: A Swedish cohort study on socioeconomic disparities

Examining the influence of aggressive driving behavior on driver injury severity in traffic crashes

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