“Hot, Black Leather, Whip”

Heldman, Caroline; Frankel, Laura Lazarus; Holmes, Jennifer Lynne

doi:10.1177/2374623815627789

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Specifically, 68.2% of G-rated films, 82.0% of PG-rated films, and 85.0% of PG-13–rated films contained sexual content compared with 88.3% of R-rated films. A recent study also found a trend toward hypersexualized female protagonists in action films, more than one quarter of which were rated PG or PG-13 (Heldman, Frankel, & Holmes, 2016).…”

Section: Evidence For the Sexualization Of Girlsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…While several researchers have involved African American adolescents in research on sexualization, objectification, and exposure to sexualizing material (Gordon, 2008; Hennessy et al, 2009; Lamb & Plocha, 2015; Raiford et al, 2007), much of the continued work in this area focuses on Black media itself and the frequent representation of Black women as sexualized (Avery et al, 2017; Frisby & Aubrey, 2012; Heldman et al, 2016; Turner, 2011; Ward et al, 2012). The presumption has been that exposure to sexualized Black women will influence the self-sexualization or mental health of Black adolescents.…”

Section: A Reconsideration Of the Criticismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexualization of Girls: Addressing Criticism of the APA Report, Presenting New Evidence

Lamb

Koven

2019

SAGE Open

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The Report of the APA Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls, published in 2007, is one of the most frequently accessed APA reports. The task force was formed and report was compiled in response to concerns regarding the impact of sexualization on girls and society at large. This article presents a review of research published since the report was released to examine the continued presence and impact of sexualizing material. In addition, we review the new evidence in light of critiques of the report that followed its publication. Finally, we present emerging ideas regarding prevention and interventions. While general findings of the original report hold true, and some criticisms have been addressed, the present review suggests the need for more research on childhood, rather than adolescents and adults, and more research using samples that have gender, sexuality, racial, and ethnic diversity.

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Section: Evidence For the Sexualization Of Girlsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: A Reconsideration Of the Criticismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexualization of Girls: Addressing Criticism of the APA Report, Presenting New Evidence

Lamb

Koven

2019

SAGE Open

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“…While this is perhaps most obvious in pornography (LeMoncheck 1985), the visual exploitation of a sexualized female body by a male perspective is not unique to pornography (Erens 1990;Heldman et al 2016). In this process, the appearance of a woman is construed to be a primarily visual, erotic depiction, " .…”

Section: (Rhetoric Of) Sexualization and Sexual Objectificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexualization of Female Perpetration in Fictional Holocaust Films: A Case Study of The Reader (2008)

Aretz

2019

Genealogy

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The publication of Bernhard Schlink’s novel The Reader (1995) sparked conversation and controversy about sexuality, female perpetrators and the complexity of guilt regarding the Holocaust. The screen adaptation of the book (Daldry 2008) amplified these discussions on an international scale. Fictional Holocaust films have a history of being met with skepticism or even reject on the one hand and great acclaim on the other hand. As this paper will outline, the focus has often been on male perpetrators and female victims. The portrayal of female perpetration reveals dichotomous stereotypes, often neglecting the complexity of the subject matter. This paper focuses on the ways in which sexualization is used specifically to portray female perpetrators in The Reader, as a fictional Holocaust film. An assessment of Hanna’s relationship to Michael and her autonomous sexuality and her later inferior, victimized portrayal as an ambiguous perpetrator is the focus of my paper. Hanna’s sexuality is structurally separated from her role as a perpetrator. Hanna’s perpetration is, through the dichotomous motif of sexuality throughout the film, characterized by a feminization. However, this feminization entails a relativization of Hanna’s culpability, revealing a pejorative of her depiction as a perpetrator. Consequently, I argue that Hanna’s sexualized female body is constructed as a central part of the revelation of her perpetration.

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Women and #MeToo in Italy: Internalized sexualization is associated with tolerance of sexual harassment and negative views of the #MeToo movement

et al. 2021

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As a consequence of exposure to sexualized messages, girls and women may internalize the belief that sexual attractiveness to men is an important aspect of their identity. Whereas research on internalized sexualization has mainly focused on its consequences for girls’ well-being and academic outcomes, the present study (N = 222, women, aged 20 to 29) examined whether internalized sexualization is related to sexist attitudes and tolerance of sexual harassment among young women. It also analyzed internalized sexualization’ links to women’s views of notorious sexual abuse allegations in the so-called Weinstein scandal and attitudes towards the #MeToo movement, a campaign aimed at combatting sexual harassment and sexual assault. The study was conducted in Italy, a context characterized by pervasive sexualized messages and diffuse criticism against the #MeToo movement. The findings showed that internalized sexualization was associated with stronger endorsement of sexist attitudes and higher acceptance of sexual harassment myths, which worked as sequential mediators of skepticism towards sexual abuse allegations in the Weinstein scandals. Endorsement of sexist attitudes mediated the relation between internalized sexualization and negative attitudes towards the #MeToo movement. This study extends the knowledge on the correlates of sexualization, suggesting that women’s internalization of the belief that they should be sexually attractive to men might contribute to reinforce ideologies and attitudes that perpetrate women’s mistreatment while diminishing support for social activism on women’s behalf.

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“Hot, Black Leather, Whip”

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Sexualization of Girls: Addressing Criticism of the APA Report, Presenting New Evidence

Sexualization of Girls: Addressing Criticism of the APA Report, Presenting New Evidence

Sexualization of Female Perpetration in Fictional Holocaust Films: A Case Study of The Reader (2008)

Women and #MeToo in Italy: Internalized sexualization is associated with tolerance of sexual harassment and negative views of the #MeToo movement

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