Hospitalizations of Children Aged 5–11 Years with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 2020–February 2022

Shi, Dallas S.; Whitaker, Michael; Marks, Kristin J.; Anglin, Onika; Milucky, Jennifer; Patel, Kadam; Pham, Huong; Chai, Shua J.; Kawasaki, Breanna; Meek, James; Anderson, Evan J.; Weigel, Andy; Henderson, Justin; Lynfield, Ruth; Ropp, Susan L.; Muse, Alison; Bushey, Sophrena; Billing, Laurie M; Sutton, Melissa; Talbot, H. Keipp; Price, Andrea; Taylor, Christopher A.; Havers, Fiona

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7116e1

Cited by 145 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO) data, the omicron variant has been responsible for five to six times more confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Europe and America (1). Although it has been suggested that the omicron variant is associated with lower hospitalization rates due to a suspected reduction in disease severity, this wave has caused an important increase in the number of hospitalizations in children (1,7,(11)(12)(13). This is in line with the surge in the number of hospitalizations for COVID-19 observed in our pediatric pulmonology department, which almost tripled between the two waves in half of the time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, pediatricians observed a surge in pediatric hospitalizations due to COVID-19 during the omicron wave (5,10,11). In the United States and South Africa, the peak of child hospitalizations resulted in a patient load that was four times higher than during the delta wave, with the largest increase occurring in children under 4 years of age (12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant Causes an Unprecedented Surge in Children Hospitalizations and Distinct Clinical Presentation Compared to the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant

et al. 2022

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BackgroundIn the midst of successive waves of SARS-CoV-2 variants, the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant has recently caused a surge in pediatric infections and hospitalizations. This study aimed to describe and compare the symptoms, explorations, treatment and evolution of COVID-19 in hospitalized children during the successive B.1.617.2 (delta) and B.1.1.529 (omicron) waves.MethodsThis observational study was performed in the Pediatric Pulmonology Department of a University Hospital in Paris, France. All hospitalized children aged between 0 and 18 years who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in nasopharyngeal swabs from July 15th to December 15th 2021 (delta wave), and from December 15th 2021 to February 28th 2022 (omicron wave) were included.ResultsIn total, 53 children were included, 14 (26.4%) during the delta wave and 39 (73.6%) during the omicron wave (almost three times as many hospitalizations in half the time during the latter wave). During the omicron wave, hospitalized patients were mostly aged < 5 years (90 vs. 71% of all the children during omicron and delta waves, respectively), and tended to have fewer underlying conditions (56 vs. 79% during omicron and delta waves, respectively, p = 0.20). The omicron variant was also responsible for a different clinical presentation when compared to the delta variant, with significantly higher and often poorly tolerated temperatures (p = 0.03) and increased digestive symptoms (p = 0.01). None of the three patients who were older than 12 years were fully vaccinated.ConclusionThe dramatic increase in the hospitalization of children with COVID-19 and the modification of the clinical presentation between the latest delta and omicron waves require pediatricians to remain vigilant. It should also encourage caregivers to ensure vaccination in children older than 5 years, for whom the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine has been deemed safe, immunogenic, and effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant Causes an Unprecedented Surge in Children Hospitalizations and Distinct Clinical Presentation Compared to the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant

et al. 2022

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“…The Omicron variant has increased the hospitalizations of children aged 5–11 years compared to the Delta variant, though it is still unknown whether this increase in severe cases will cause a rise in MIS-C [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the Delta variant, the Omicron variant will result in MIS-C in patients with distinctive risk factors for severe disease, including older age, fever, obesity, and seizures, prompting hospitalization and intensive care [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Coronavirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multifaceted Manifestations of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which has similarities to the 2002–2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-1, causes the infectious disease designated COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (Coronavirus Disease 2019). Although the first reports indicated that activity of the virus is centered in the lungs, it was soon acknowledged that SARS-CoV-2 causes a multisystem disease. Indeed, this new pathogen causes a variety of syndromes, including asymptomatic disease; mild disease; moderate disease; a severe form that requires hospitalization, intensive care, and mechanical ventilation; multisystem inflammatory disease; and a condition called long COVID or postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some of these syndromes resemble previously described disorders, including those with no confirmed etiology, such as Kawasaki disease. After recognition of a distinct multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, followed by a similar syndrome in adults, various multisystem syndromes occurring during the pandemic associated or related to SARS-CoV-2 began to be identified. A typical pattern of cytokine and chemokine dysregulation occurs in these complex syndromes; however, the disorders have distinct immunological determinants that may help to differentiate them. This review discusses the origins of the different trajectories of the inflammatory syndromes related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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“…Seropositivity for anti-N antibodies should not be interpreted as protection from future infection. Vaccination remains the safest strategy for preventing complications from SARS-CoV-2 infection, including hospitalization among children and adults ( 4 , 5 ). COVID-19 vaccination following infection provides additional protection against severe disease and hospitalization ( 6 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Infection-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies — United States, September 2021–February 2022

Clarke¹,

Jones²,

Deng³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

252

210

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Hospitalizations of Children Aged 5–11 Years with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 2020–February 2022

Cited by 145 publications

References 10 publications

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant Causes an Unprecedented Surge in Children Hospitalizations and Distinct Clinical Presentation Compared to the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant Causes an Unprecedented Surge in Children Hospitalizations and Distinct Clinical Presentation Compared to the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant

The Multifaceted Manifestations of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Seroprevalence of Infection-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies — United States, September 2021–February 2022

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