Hormonal Factors Which Regulate Bone Resorption

Mundy, Gregory R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-77991-6_6

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 149 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several factors influence the process, for example, vitamins (A, C, D), hormones (growth hormone, thyroid and parathyroid hormone, oestrogen, testosterone) and mechanical loading. 89,90 The bone multicellular unit (BMU) or bone remodelling unit is responsible for resorbing old bone and forming new bone. It consists of two types of cells, osteoclasts, which dissolve bone, and osteoblasts, which form new bone.…”

Section: Bone Remodellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the role of bisphosphonates in metastatic disease

Ross

Saunders²,

Edmonds³

et al. 2004

Health Technol Assess

257

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High dose aminobisphosphonates are most effective for the treatment of acute hypercalcaemia and delay time to relapse. Bisphosphonates significantly reduce SREs and delay the time to first SRE in patients with bony metastatic disease but do not affect survival. Benefit is demonstrated after administration for at least 6-12 months. The greatest body of evidence supports the use of intravenous aminobisphosphonates. Further evidence is required to support use in the adjuvant setting.

show abstract

Section: Bone Remodellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the role of bisphosphonates in metastatic disease

Ross

Saunders²,

Edmonds³

et al. 2004

Health Technol Assess

257

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The demonstration that cells of the osteoblastic lineage control the formation and activity of bone‐resorbing cells, the osteoclasts (Rodan and Martin, ), is even more relevant for biologists who intend to understand bone biology and, in particular, bone remodelling and regeneration. Bone formation and bone resorption, essential for a normal bone turnover, are coupled processes (Parfitt, ; Pirraco et al ., ) that co‐exist within a delicate balance, controlled by factors such as hormones (Mundy, ) and other growth factors (Linkhart et al ., ). Osteoclasts, being multinucleated and highly specialized cells derived from the haematopoietic lineage that have the function of resorbing bone, are seen as critical players in this regulatory process (Sasaki et al ., ; Teitelbaum et al ., ; Teitelbaum et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of monocytes/macrophages on the early osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs

Pirraco

Reis

Marques

2012

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heterotypic cell interactions are essential for the homeostasis of bone tissue, in particular the widely studied interaction between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Closely related with osteoclasts are monocytes/macrophages. These have been shown to produce osteogenic factors, e.g. BMP-2, which plays a key role in bone metabolism. However, the mechanisms through which monocytes/macrophages interact with osteoblasts are still elusive. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of human peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages over the early osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) in the presence of dexamethasone-supplemented medium. The co-cultures were performed using porous transwells that allowed the interaction between both cell types through the production of paracrine factors. The potential effect of BMP-2 produced by monocytes/macrophages was addressed by adding an anti-BMP-2 antibody to the co-cultures. hBMSCs cultured in the presence of monocytes/macrophages had a higher proliferation rate than hBMSCs monocultures. The quantification of early osteogenic marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) revealed higher activity of this enzyme in cells in the co-culture throughout the time of culture. Both of these effects were inhibited by adding an anti-BMP-2 antibody to the cultures. Moreover, qRT-PCR for osteocalcin and osteopontin transcripts showed overexpression of both markers. Once again, the effect of monocytes/macrophages over hBMSC osteogenic differentiation was completely inhibited in the co-cultures by blocking BMP-2. The present report confirmed that monocytes/macrophages produce BMP-2, which promotes osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of hBMSCs cumulatively to dexamethasone-supplemented medium. This potentially implies that monocyte/macrophages play a stronger role in bone homeostasis than so far supposed.

show abstract

“…However insights of the last 10 years have revealed the great functional and developmental interdependence of these two lineages, with development of a concept of cells of the osteoblast lineage controlling the formation and activity of osteoclasts, through the actions of a number of cytokines and growth factors generated locally in bone. Production of many of these is under the control of circulating hormones [reviewed in Martin et al, 199313;Mundy, 1993;Horowitz, 19931, which can influence the production of some cytokines and also synergize with some of them in their actions upon bone cells. In view of the tight coupling of bone resorption and formation, such a relationship is perhaps not surprising.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms by which cells of the osteoblast lineage control osteoclast formation and activity

Martin

1994

J of Cellular Biochemistry

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cells of bone are of two lineages, the osteoblasts arising from pluripotential mesenchymal cells and osteoclasts from hemopoietic precursors of the monocyte-macrophage series. Resorption of bone by the multinucleate osteoclast requires the generation of new osteoclasts and their activation. Many hormones and cytokines are able to promote bone resorption by influencing these processes, but they achieve this without acting directly on osteoclasts. Most evidence indicates that their actions are mediated by cells of the osteoblast lineage. Evidence for hormone- and cytokine-induced activation of osteoclasts requiring the mediation of osteoblasts comes from studies of resorption by isolated osteoclasts. However, consistent evidence for a specific "activating factor" is lacking, and the argument is presented that the isolated osteoclast resorption assays have not been shown convincingly to be assays of osteoclast activation. The view is presented that osteoblast-mediated osteoclast activation is the result of several events in the microenvironment without necessarily requiring the existence of a specific, essential osteoclast activator. On the other hand, a specific promoter of osteoclast differentiation does seem likely to be a product of cells of the stromal/osteoblast series. Evidence in favour of this comes from studies of osteoclast generation in co-cultures of osteoblast/stromal cells with hemopoietic cells. Conflicting views, maintaining that osteoclasts can develop from hemopoietic cells without stromal intervention, might be explained by varying criteria used in identification of osteoclasts. Osteoblastic and osteoclastic renewal, and the interactions of these lineages, are central to the process of bone remodeling.

show abstract

Hormonal Factors Which Regulate Bone Resorption

Cited by 8 publications

References 149 publications

A systematic review of the role of bisphosphonates in metastatic disease

A systematic review of the role of bisphosphonates in metastatic disease

Effect of monocytes/macrophages on the early osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs

Mechanisms by which cells of the osteoblast lineage control osteoclast formation and activity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About