Hormonal Aspects of Prostatic Cancer: A Review

Waxman, Jonathan

doi:10.1177/014107688507800212

Cited by 15 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Morbidity and mortality in prostate cancer, the third most common cause of male cancer death in the United Kingdom (Waxman 1985) is generally related to the presence of bony metastases (VACURG 1976;Labasky & Smith 1988) which are identified in up to 84% of patients dying from the disease (Abrams et al, 1950). Although such metastases are classically described as osteoblastic in character recent work has shown that abnormally high levels of bone resorption occur concurrently with new bone formation (Percival et al, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoclast inhibition by pamidronate in metastatic prostate cancer: a preliminary study

Clarke¹,

Holbrook²,

McClure³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoclast inhibition by pamidronate in metastatic prostate cancer: a preliminary study

Clarke¹,

Holbrook²,

McClure³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

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Hormones, 1. Hormone Systems

Sandow¹

2011

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 1.1. Definitions and Classification 1.2. Hormone‐Producing Systems 1.3. Structural Analysis and Synthesis 1.4. Receptors and Mechanisms of Action 1.5. Therapeutic Use of Hormones 2. Peptide and Protein Hormones 2.1. Hypothalamic Hormones 2.2. Proopiomelanocortin Hormones 2.3. Glycoprotein Hormones 2.4. Growth Hormone, Prolactin, and Placental Lactogen 2.5. Calcium‐Regulating Hormones 2.6. Glucose‐Regulating Hormones 2.7. Gastrointestinal Hormones 2.8. Growth Factors and Related Peptides 2.9. Cardiovascular Hormones 3. Amino Acid Derivatives 3.1. Catecholamines and Indolamines 3.2. Thyroid Hormones 3.3. Thyromimetics 4. Steroid Hormones 4.1. Estrogens, Gestagens 4.2. Androgens 4.3. Adrenal Steroids 5. Prostaglandins 6. Hormone Analogs and Antagonists

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Raloxifene (LY156758) produces antimetastatic responses and extends survival in the paiii rat prostatic adenocarcinoma model

et al. 1995

The Prostate

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The benzothiophene antiestrogen, raloxifene (LY156758), has selective estrogen pharmacological antagonist activity in rats. The PAIII rat prostatic adenocarcinoma model was used to evaluate the effects of this agent on the lymphatic and pulmonary metastasis and survival in tumor-bearing male Lobund-Wistar (LW) rats. Raloxifene was inactive against colony formation of PAIII cells in vitro. Similarly, following subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of 10(6) PAIII cells in the tail, s.c. administration of raloxifene (2.0, 10.0, or 20.0 mg/kg/day) for 30 days failed to demonstrate cytoreductive activity against primary tumor growth in the tail. However, in these same animals, raloxifene administration produced significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of PAIII metastasis from the primary tumor in the tail to the gluteal and iliac lymph nodes (maximal responses = 89% and 81% from control values, respectively). PAIII metastasis to the lungs was significantly inhibited by raloxifene treatment. Numbers of pulmonary foci in PAIII-bearing rats were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by raloxifene administration in a dose-related manner (maximal reduction = 97% from control values). In these animals, maximal regression of 20% for ventral prostate and 21% for seminal vesicle were also seen after raloxifene administration (P < 0.05 for both). Coadministration of E2B and raloxifene had no consistent antagonistic effect upon the antitumor responses produced by raloxifene. Raloxifene (40.0 mg/kg/day for 28 days) produced marked decreases in PAIII metastasis in the lymphatic and pulmonary components. Continued administration of the compound produced significant (P < 0.05) extension of survival of PAIII-bearing rats. Further studies are needed to define the maximal antitumor efficacy and the mechanism of action of raloxifene in urogenital solid tumor animal models. These data support the contention that raloxifene represents a class of active antimetastatic agents with potential efficacy in the treatment of hormone-insensitive human prostatic cancer.

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Hormonal Aspects of Prostatic Cancer: A Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Osteoclast inhibition by pamidronate in metastatic prostate cancer: a preliminary study

Osteoclast inhibition by pamidronate in metastatic prostate cancer: a preliminary study

Hormones, 1. Hormone Systems

Raloxifene (LY156758) produces antimetastatic responses and extends survival in the paiii rat prostatic adenocarcinoma model

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