Horizontal force production and multi‐segment foot kinematics during the acceleration phase of bend sprinting

Judson, Laura J; Churchill, Sarah; Barnes, Andrew; Stone, Joseph; Brookes, Ian G A; Wheat, Jonathan

doi:10.1111/sms.13486

Cited by 15 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nine male sprinters (mean age ± 4 years; body mass 71.48 ± 9.47 kg; stature 1.81 ± 0.06 m) with experience of bend sprinting (200 and /or 400 m) volunteered to participate in this study. The sample size was guided by previous bend sprinting literature (Alt et al, 2015;Churchill et al, 2015;Churchill et al, 2016;Judson et al, 2019) and the number of available skilled athletes meeting the inclusion criteria of the study. To standardise ability with previous research (Alt et al, 2015, 22.60 ± 0.33 s; Churchill et al, 2015, 22. sprints.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To standardise ability with previous research (Alt et al, 2015, 22.60 ± 0.33 s; Churchill et al, 2015, 22. sprints. For the identification of gait events, a force plate (Kistler, Model 9287BA, 900 x 600 mm) was embedded into the track surface at approximately m. For full details of the experimental set-up, please refer to Judson et al (2019).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Kinematic modifications of the lower limb during the acceleration phase of bend sprinting

Judson

Churchill

Barnes

et al. 2019

Journal of Sports Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A decrease in speed when sprinting on the bend compared with the straight has been attributed to kinetic, kinematic and spatiotemporal modifications. Although maximal speed is dependent on an athlete's ability to accelerate, there is limited research investigating the acceleration phase of bend sprinting. This study used a lower limb and trunk marker set with 15 optoelectronic cameras to examine kinematic and spatiotemporal variables of the lower limb during sprinting on the bend and straight.Nine sprinters completed up to six 30 m maximal effort trials in bend (radius 36.5 m, lane one) and straight conditions. An increase in body lateral lean at touchdown resulted in a number of asymmetric kinematic modifications. Whilst the left limb demonstrated a greater peak hip adduction, peak hip internal rotation and peak ankle eversion on the bend compared with the straight, the right limb was characterised by an increase in peak hip abduction. These results demonstrate that kinematic modifications start early in the race and likely accumulate, resulting in greater modifications at maximal speed. It is recommended that strength and conditioning programmes target the hip, ankle and foot in the non-sagittal planes. In addition, sprint training should prioritise specificity by occurring on the bend.

show abstract

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic modifications of the lower limb during the acceleration phase of bend sprinting

Judson

Churchill

Barnes

et al. 2019

Journal of Sports Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The aforementioned research reported that performance in a standardized curve sprint test has a limited relationship with straight sprinting and suggested that these abilities are different and independent physical qualities [11]. This notion can be reinforced by observing the differences in body position, force application, joint angles, and running mechanics when athletes sprint in linear or curvilinear trajectories [15][16][17][18][19][20]. For example, it is known that contact time in the inside leg (IL) is higher than in the outside leg (OL) [16,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curve Sprinting in Soccer: Kinematic and Neuromuscular Analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sprinting in curvilinear trajectories is an important soccer ability, corresponding to ~85% of the actions performed at maximum velocity in a soccer league. We compared the neuromuscular behavior and foot contact-time between outside leg and inside leg during curve sprinting to both sides in soccer players. Nine soccer players (age=23±4.12 years) performed: 3×Sprint linear, 3×Sprint right curve, and 3×Sprint left curve. An ANOVA with repeated measures was used to compare the differences between inside and outside leg, and Cohen’s d was used to calculate the effect-size. Considering the average data, the performance classification (from best to worst) was as follows: 1. Curve “good” side (2.45±0.11 s), 2. Linear (2.47±0.13 s), and 3. Curve “weak” side (2.56±0.17 s). Comparing linear with curve sprinting, inside leg recorded significant differences (“good” and “weak”; effect size=1.20 and 2, respectively); in contrast, for outside leg, there were no significant differences (“good” and “weak”; effect size=0.30 and 0.49, respectively). Electromyography activity showed significant differences (p≤0.05) during curve sprinting between outside (higher in biceps femoris and gluteus medius) and inside leg (higher activity in semitendinosus and adductor). In summary, inside and outside leg play different roles during curved sprints, but inside leg is more affected by the change from straight to curve sprint.

show abstract

“…Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) (Pataky, 2010) is being used in many contemporary biomechanics studies to compare biomechanical time series data between conditions (Colyer, Nagahara, & Salo, 2018;Judson et al, 2019;Pataky et al, 2008;Warmenhoven et al, 2018). SPM allows the data to be compared along the whole time series and not just for key discrete data points, i.e.…”

Section: Statistical Parametric Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…maximum and minimum values of a the centre of pressure data during walking may obscure or reverse statistical trends compared to using SPM to compare the whole time series centre of pressure data (Pataky et al, 2014). Judson and co-workers also highlighted the benefit of using SPM when they compared left and right foot ground reaction forces in bend sprinting -SPM identified asymmetries between left and right foot mediolateral forces for parts of the stance phase (Judson et al, 2019).…”

Section: Statistical Parametric Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of strength training on intermuscular coordination during maximal cycling

Burnie¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In natural movement tasks individual muscles are seldom required to generate force in isolation and instead most functional movements arise from the cooperation of several muscles acting together – intermuscular coordination. Contemporary studies of movement coordination are often undertaken using the ecological dynamics theoretical framework and Newell’s model of constraints. Ecological dynamics examines human performance from a person-environment scale of analysis considering how people interact with a specific task and the performance environment, and the role these constraints play in the emergent coordination patterns. Pedalling is an ideal task to study intermuscular coordination since it is a natural movement task that can be accurately manipulated. Sprint cyclists often undertake gym-based strength training to increase muscle strength and size. Therefore, the aim of this programme of research was to understand how cyclists adapt their intermuscular coordination patterns during maximal cycling owing to changing organismic constraints (muscle size, strength and fatigue) caused by the gym-based strength training using the theoretical framework of ecological dynamics. In accordance with the theoretical framework of ecological dynamics and Newell’s model of constraints this programme of research highlighted the influence of the constraints acting on the cyclists’ coordination patterns that emerge. Different movement and coordination patterns were observed for maximal cycling when the task constraints were changed from sprinting on a fixed ergometer in the laboratory to a track bicycle in the velodrome. This finding implies it is important to undertake biomechanical analyses of movement organisation in elite sports practice in a representative environment. Also, following a gym-based strength training intervention the cyclists’ crank power increased, but there were no changes in joint moments, power or muscle activation which suggested that the cyclists might adopt individual coordination strategies following the change in their organismic constraints after the strength training intervention.

show abstract

Horizontal force production and multi‐segment foot kinematics during the acceleration phase of bend sprinting

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Kinematic modifications of the lower limb during the acceleration phase of bend sprinting

Kinematic modifications of the lower limb during the acceleration phase of bend sprinting

Curve Sprinting in Soccer: Kinematic and Neuromuscular Analysis

The effects of strength training on intermuscular coordination during maximal cycling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About