Homocysteine and cysteine: determinants of plasma levels in middle‐aged and elderly subjects

Brattström, Lars; Lindgren, Arne; Israelsson, Bo; Andersson, Anders; Hultberg, Björn

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1994.tb00856.x

Cited by 352 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It would seem reasonable to predict an association between tHcy and blood pressure in the general population, given the well described associations between hyperhomocysteinaemia and renal impairment 13 and the postulated effects of homocysteine on vascular endothelial function and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. 3 In the Hordaland Study, a significant positive associations with blood pressure was observed.…”

Section: Homocysteine and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Homocysteine levels are higher in men than in women and increase with age due to declining renal function. 13 Significant associations are also described with cigarette smoking, serum cholesterol levels and physical inactivity. 14,15 In the Hordarland study, a cross-sectional study of homocysteine and established vascular risk factors, sex, age, folate intake, smoking status and coffee consumption were the strongest determinants of plasma homocysteine concentration in multivariate analysis which did not include serum creatinine.…”

Section: Confoundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context it should be noted that renal impairment is an established cause of hyperhomocysteinaemia. 13 There are additional concerns regarding unmeasured and residual confounding due to dietary and other lifestyle factors associated with hyperhomocysteinaemia. 14,15 The findings from the small number of prospective studies that have addressed associations between tHcy concentrations and incident coronary heart diseases (CHD) or stroke are inconsistent [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Homozygosity for a defective thermolabile variant of MTHFR, a common genetic polymorphism which results in hyperhomocysteinemia, has not been consistently linked with cardiovascular disease endpoints.…”

Section: Thcy and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Homocysteine, hypertension and stroke

Perry

1999

J Hum Hypertens

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The balance of evidence from observational studies suggests that elevated homocysteine levels are associated with increased risk of carotid artery disease and stroke. There is however a paucity of prospective studies. There are also concerns regarding confounding due to factors associated with hyperhomocysteinemia, including renal impairment, an atherogenic diet and cigarette smoking. Homozygosity for a defective thermolabile variant of MTHFR, a common genetic polymorphism which results in hyperhomocysteinemia, has not been consistently linked with stroke or other vascular disease. There is a need for additional prospective studies with data on relevant confounders, sufficient power to characterise the form of the association between homocysteine concentrations and stroke risk, whether linear or threshold, and power to study interactions between homocysteine, other dietary markers and established stroke risk factors such as smoking and

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Section: Homocysteine and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Confoundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thcy and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Homocysteine, hypertension and stroke

Perry

1999

J Hum Hypertens

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“…However, circulating homocysteine levels are related to plasma creatinine and uric acid concentrations and to sex and age (Brattström et al, 1994;Lussier-Cacan et al, 1996). The gender differences might be reversed when taking into account data obtained during the oral methionine-loading test (Silberberg et al, 1997).…”

Section: Interactions Between Hyperhomocysteinemia and The Usual Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Homocysteine Metabolism and Atherothrombotic Disease

Durand

Prost²,

Loreau

et al. 2001

Laboratory Investigation

228

147

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SUMMARY:Based on recent retrospective, prospective, and experimental studies, mild to moderate elevation of fasting or postmethionine-load plasma homocysteine is accepted as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and thrombosis in both men and women. Hyperhomocysteinemia results from an inhibition of the remethylation pathway or from an inhibition or a saturation of the transsulfuration pathway of homocysteine metabolism. The involvement of a high dietary intake of methionine-rich animal proteins has not yet been investigated and cannot be ruled out. However, folate deficiency, either associated or not associated with the thermolabile mutation of the N 5,10 -methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and vitamin B 6 deficiency, perhaps associated with cystathionine ␤-synthase defects or with methionine excess, are believed to be major determinants of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease related to hyperhomocysteinemia. Recent experimental studies have suggested that moderately elevated homocysteine levels are a causal risk factor for atherothrombotic disease because they affect both the vascular wall structure and the blood coagulation system. The oxidant stress that results from impaired homocysteine metabolism, which modifies the intracellular redox status, might play a central role in the molecular mechanisms underlying moderate hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated vascular disorders. Because folate supplementation can efficiently reduce plasma homocysteine levels, both in the fasting state and after methionine loading, results from further prospective cohort studies and from on-going interventional trials will determine whether homocysteine-lowering therapies can contribute to the prevention and reduction of cardiovascular risk. Additionally, these studies will provide unequivocal arguments for the independent and causal relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and atherothrombotic disease. (Lab Invest 2001, 81:645-672).C ardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality in Western populations. Hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and tobacco smoking are the main risk factors for atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications. However, these factors alone cannot account for all of the deaths caused by vascular pathologies.As early as 1969, clinical studies conducted in homocystinuric children revealed the importance of severe hyperhomocysteinemia in premature development of atherosclerosis and thromboembolism (McCully, 1983). According to numerous retrospective case-controlled studies, moderate increases in plasma homocysteine, which can be precisely quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), raise the risk for cardiovascular disease 2-fold, after adjusting for classic risk factors. Moreover, up to 20% to 40% of patients with vascular pathologies present moderate to intermediate hyperhomocysteinemia. However, results from prospective studies are inconsistent. Additionally, molecular mechanisms underlying hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular diseas...

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“…Brattstrom et al 43 reportaram que a Hcy plasmática e a creatinina sérica se correlacionaram (r = 0,43) em indivíduos idosos do sexo masculino e feminino. Esses autores ainda afirmam que há maior concentração de Hcy nos indivíduos do sexo masculino e que tal diferença pode ser explicada pela relação creatina/creatinina diferente entre os sexos.…”

Section: 2-estudos Com Humanosunclassified

Suplementação De Creatina, Homocisteína E Estresse Oxidativo

Deminice¹,

Vilhena²,

Portari³

et al. 2007

Medicina (Ribeirão Preto)

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Deminice R, Vilhena R, Portari GV, Jordão AA. Suplementação de creatina, homocisteína e estresse oxidativo.Medicina (Ribeirão Preto) 2007;40 (3): 368-77, jul./set. RESUMO:A creatina é uma substância popular entre atletas devido a sua possível propriedade ergogênica. Tal popularidade incentivou autores a estudar e explorar o possível potencial terapêutico desta substância. A síntese de creatina é responsável pela maioria das transferências de grupos metila no metabolismo hepático normal. Como a homocisteína é um aminoácido formado exclusivamente a partir da desmetilação da metionina, acredita-se que a creatina e homocisteína estejam metabolicamente conectadas. Estudos têm mostrado que a hiperhomocisteinemia está diretamente ligada à formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio pela autooxidação da homocisteína e/ou da cisteína e que tal auto-oxidação pode provocar danos celulares. O objetivo desta revisão é discutir aspectos da suplementação com creatina relacionados aos níveis de homocisteína e o estresse oxidativo.Descritores: Creatina. Suplementação Alimentar. Homocisteína. Estresse Oxidativo. 368Medicina, Ribeirão Preto, 2007; 40 (3): 368-77, jul./set. REVISÃO 1-INTRODUÇÃODevido aos seus possíveis efeitos no desempenho físico, a creatina (Cr) tornou-se um suplemento nutricional popular entre atletas principalmente a partir da década de 90. Recentemente, a creatina tem recebido considerável atenção na área médica. Alguns estudos têm mostrado efeitos benéficos da suplementação desta substância em pacientes ou modelos experimentais de diversas doenças como atrofia muscular, doenças cardiovasculares e neurodegenerativas 1,2,3 . Atualmente, alguma atenção tem sido dada para interação do metabolismo da homocisteína (Hcy) e da creatina e seu possível papel antioxidante 4,5 .Historicamente, autores que estudam a homocisteína, têm buscado entender as conseqüências de erros inatos sobre as enzimas que participam no metabolismo desse aminoácido e que resultam em hiperhomocisteinemia (HHcy) 6 . Ainda, alguns autores têm voltado sua atenção ao estado vitamínico 7,8 e polimorfismos genéticos relacionados à HHcy 9 . Recentemente, estudos têm buscado entender o balanço da demanda de metilação e os efeitos da modulação de tal balanço sobre o metabolismo da homocisteína 4,10,11 . Contudo, o objetivo desta revisão é discutir os efeitos da suplementação com creatina sobre os níveis de homocisteína, além do seu possível papel protetor contra a formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio, das interações e inter-relações da ingestão com a produção endógena de creatina.

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Homocysteine and cysteine: determinants of plasma levels in middle‐aged and elderly subjects

Cited by 352 publications

References 22 publications

Homocysteine, hypertension and stroke

Homocysteine, hypertension and stroke

Impaired Homocysteine Metabolism and Atherothrombotic Disease

Suplementação De Creatina, Homocisteína E Estresse Oxidativo

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