Homicides en Amérique du Sud : les pauvres sont-ils dangereux ?

Abstract

Mamadou Camara, Pierre Salama — Homicides in South America. Are the poor dangerous ? Are the poor the principal causes of violence ? Can repressive policies be effective and significantly reduce homicide rates or should the dominant modes of development in these countries be re-examined ? The aim of this article is, first, to overview the state of the matter, then to analyse and discuss the influence of different economic variables on homicide rates, from an econometric test concerning a number of South American countries, between 1995 and 2000. It finally intends to show that while violence and its rise often have economic roots, it is vain to limit the explanation of the phenomenon to economic determinism.

Do inequalities in access to water and electricity increase homicide in sub-Saharan Africa?

“…That is, the consistency of the results of the effect of inequalities in access to water and access to electricity has not yet been established in the literature because no study has yet looked at it. Nevertheless, the results of the effects of the Gini index, population density and poverty rate are consistent with the ndings of(Camara and Salama, 2003, Coccia, 2018, Daniya et al, 2020 Camara and Salama (2003),. showed that income inequality increases homicide.…”

“…Therefore, if an individual experiences an increase in income, for example, he or she will be able to afford a better life. An increase in economic growth (log GDPH) of 1% results in a decrease in homicides of 2.57%, in contrast to the effect due to an increase in the speed of growth (CROISS) that we saw earlier (Camara and Salama, 2003). This effect argues that part of the violence in the region emanates from poor living conditions (Camara and Salama, 2003).…”

“…An increase in economic growth (log GDPH) of 1% results in a decrease in homicides of 2.57%, in contrast to the effect due to an increase in the speed of growth (CROISS) that we saw earlier (Camara and Salama, 2003). This effect argues that part of the violence in the region emanates from poor living conditions (Camara and Salama, 2003). An improvement in the lot of the poor reduces homicides previously linked to the growth of the criminal segment of the economy (Camara and Salama, 2003).…”

“…This effect argues that part of the violence in the region emanates from poor living conditions (Camara and Salama, 2003). An improvement in the lot of the poor reduces homicides previously linked to the growth of the criminal segment of the economy (Camara and Salama, 2003).…”

“…showed that income inequality increases homicide. Xu et al (2020) also showed that demographic factors such as population density, poverty etc., combined with temperature increase homicide Camara and Salama (2003). also found that, human development index and GDP per capita reduce homicide.Thus, these results suggest a rapid shift from sickle cell to renewable energy.…”