Home environment and cognitive development in the first 3 years of life: A collaborative study involving six sites and three ethnic groups in North America.

Bradley, Robert H.; Caldwell, Bettye M.; Rock, Stephen L.; Ramey, Craig T.; Barnard, Kathryn E.; Gray, Carol; Hammond, Mary A.; Mitchell, Sandra K.; Gottfried, Allen W.; Siegel, Linda S.; Johnson, Dale L.

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.25.2.217

Cited by 461 publications

(320 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The quality of the care-taking environment, measured with the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME), was also assessed at 3 years. 43 This instrument assesses physical and interactive home characteristics 44 and has been used widely in studies of neurotoxicity. 45 Many nonpersistent pesticides are soluble in water and therefore may partition to the water fraction of breast milk, although available data are extremely limited for chlorpyrifos.…”

Section: Measures Of Child Behavior and Neurodevelopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos Exposure on Neurodevelopment in the First 3 Years of Life Among Inner-City Children

et al. 2006

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OBJECTIVE-The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos on 3-year neurodevelopment and behavior in a sample of inner-city minority children.METHODS-As part of an ongoing prospective cohort study in an inner-city minority population, neurotoxicant effects of prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos were evaluated in 254 children through the first 3 years of life. This report examined cognitive and motor development at 12, 24, and 36 months (measured with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II) and child behavior at 36 months (measured with the Child Behavior Checklist) as a function of chlorpyrifos levels in umbilical cord plasma.RESULTS-Highly exposed children (chlorpyrifos levels of >6.17 pg/g plasma) scored, on average, 6.5 points lower on the Bayley Psychomotor Development Index and 3.3 points lower on the Bayley Mental Development Index at 3 years of age compared with those with lower levels of exposure. Children exposed to higher, compared with lower, chlorpyrifos levels were also significantly more likely to experience Psychomotor Development Index and Mental Development Index delays, attention problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder problems, and pervasive developmental disorder problems at 3 years of age. CONCLUSIONS-The adjusted mean 36-month Psychomotor Development Index and MentalDevelopment Index scores of the highly and lower exposed groups differed by only 7.1 and 3.0 points, respectively, but the proportion of delayed children in the high-exposure group, compared with the low-exposure group, was 5 times greater for the Psychomotor Development Index and 2.4 times greater for the Mental Development Index, increasing the number of children possibly needing early intervention services. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptPediatrics. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 July 06. As a result of heavy indoor use, largely for cockroach control, pesticide exposure is widespread among pregnant women living in New York City. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Specifically, 72% to 85% of women participating in 2 different cohort studies reported using some form of pest control during pregnancy, 3,7-9 and 46% reported using ≥1 of the higher-toxicity methods, such as exterminator sprays, can sprays, and pest bombs. 3 A survey of pest control measures conducted in 2000 and 2001 by the office of the New York State Attorney General found that 93% of New York City public housing residents applied pesticides at home and more than one half did so approximately once per week. 6 In a previous report from the present cohort, detectable levels of chlorpyrifos were found in 99.7% of personal air samples and 100% of indoor air samples from stationary residential monitors for a sample of pregnant women. 8 Chlorpyrifos was also detected in 64% to 70% of blood samples collected from mothers and newborns at delivery. Maternal levels and newborn levels were correlated strongly, which indicates that this pesticide crosses the placenta readily. 3 Since the ban, levels of chlorpyr...

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Section: Measures Of Child Behavior and Neurodevelopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos Exposure on Neurodevelopment in the First 3 Years of Life Among Inner-City Children

et al. 2006

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“…First-year scores on the Bayley are less affected by socioenvironmental influences than are scores on tests administered to older infants. Socioenvironmental influences become more pronounced during the 2nd year of life (Bradley et al, 1989). Information-processing tests are less affected by socioenvironmental influences because they depend less on the infant's ability to interact with the examiner and focus instead on attentional responses that are probably more biologically based (Fagan & Singer, 1983;Haith, Hazan, & Goodman, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive functioning in 8- to 18-month old drug-exposed infants.

Alessandri¹,

Bendersky²,

Lewis³

1998

Developmental Psychology

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This study examined the cognitive functioning in 236 infants at 8 and 18 months of age. Thirty-seven infants were heavily exposed to cocaine in-utero, 30 were lightly exposed, and 169 were not exposed to cocaine. Cognitive functioning was evaluated with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (2nd ed.; N. Bayley, 1993) at both ages. Infant information processing was also assessed with an infantcontrolled habituation procedure. Results indicated that (a) infants of cocaine-abusing women had higher neonatal medical and environmental risk scores; (b) at 8 months, exposure groups did not differ in Psychomotor Development Index, Mental Development Index (MDI) scores, or recovery to a novel stimulus; and (c) infants heavily exposed to cocaine or high environmental risk had a decrease in MDI scores from 8 to 18 months. These results were obtained when neonatal medical and environmental risk, as well as polydrug exposure, were controlled.In examining whether prenatal exposure to cocaine impairs later cognitive functioning, research on humans continues to provide equivocal results. The ambiguous nature of outcome findings is due to methodological problems typically associated with behavioral toxicology research. In studies in which researchers are attempting to find relations between prenatal cocaine and some aspect of postnatal development, researchers must contend with a host of methodological problems, including (a) the potential confounding effects of other substances of abuse and poor maternal health and nutrition, (b) sensitive and valid measurement of infant outcome behaviors, and (c) differential effects of the postnatal child-rearing environment (e.g.,

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“…The following aspects related with the child's comprehensive development were assessed. 7,18,[19][20][21] Learning stimulation materials: questions were asked about whether the child had three or more children's books, a ball, a tricycle or bicycle, color pencils, puzzles, building blocks, dolls or action figures, and toy cars. Category 1: less than 6 of these elements; 2: 6 or more of these elements.…”

Section: Original Article Population and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child psychomotor development and its relationship with socio-demographic and family stimulation factors in children from Bariloche, Argentina

Garibotti¹

2013

Arch Argent Pediat

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Introduction. This study analyzed the association between psychomotor development and sociodemographic and family stimulation factors in 3-year-old children from San Carlos de Bariloche. Population and Methods. A total of 152 apparently healthy children aged 35-37 months old who attended municipal and private kindergartens were evaluated. Children's performance in personal-social, fine motor, language and gross motor skills development using the National Screening Test was analyzed. The relationship between environmental factors and the achievement of developmental milestones was studied using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results. Twenty seven percent of children did not pass the test. The most common outcome measures associated with altered developmental milestones were no reading, low birth weight, and the parents' lower education level. The association with reading was always positive; and this also occurred in relation to the parents' education level. A low birth weight had a negative association with the possibility of passing four milestones, three of which were gross motor skills. Children who attended municipal kindergartens had a low performance in three language milestones, one personal-social milestone and one fine motor milestone when compared to national profiles. Conclusions. The percentage of children who did not pass the test was 27%. The most common outcome measures associated with altered developmental milestones were lack of reading to the child, low birth weight, and the parents' lower education level.

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Home environment and cognitive development in the first 3 years of life: A collaborative study involving six sites and three ethnic groups in North America.

Cited by 461 publications

References 41 publications

Impact of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos Exposure on Neurodevelopment in the First 3 Years of Life Among Inner-City Children

Impact of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos Exposure on Neurodevelopment in the First 3 Years of Life Among Inner-City Children

Cognitive functioning in 8- to 18-month old drug-exposed infants.

Child psychomotor development and its relationship with socio-demographic and family stimulation factors in children from Bariloche, Argentina

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