HMG CoA reductase: A negatively regulated gene with unusual promoter and 5′ untranslated regions

Reynolds, Gary A.; Basu, Sandip K.; Osborne, Timothy F.; Chin, Daniel J.; Gil, Gregorio; Brown, Michael S.; Goldstein, Joseph L.; Luskey, Kenneth L.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90549-x

Cited by 523 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This structure is frequently observed in housekeeping gene promoters [51][52][53]. This kind of promoter controls RNA synthesis at relatively low levels, with little tissue specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning and characterization of the 5′ end and promoter region of the chicken acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene

Mounier

Fur

Powell

et al. 1996

Biochemical Journal

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Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biogenesis of long-chain fatty acids. In the present study, the 5h end and flanking region of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) gene was analysed in the chicken. A genomic clone was isolated containing the first three exons, the third one containing the ATG codon. Using nuclease-mapping experiments and primerextension analyses, the transcription-initiation site was located 153 nucleotides upstream of the ATG codon. In contrast with rat ACC gene expression, reverse transcriptase PCR analysis performed on chicken liver mRNA did not reveal alternative splicing in the 5h-untranslated region of these messengers. The promoter

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“…This structure is frequently observed in housekeeping gene promoters [51][52][53]. This kind of promoter controls RNA synthesis at relatively low levels, with little tissue specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of them are embedded at positions k38 and k42. This region displays the typical features of a housekeeping promoter [51][52][53]. The whole region contains several potential binding sites for transcription factors such as HNF4, HNF5, ARP1 and C\EBP.…”

Section: Analysis Of the 5h-flanking Region Of The Acc Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and characterization of the 5′ end and promoter region of the chicken acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene

Mounier

Fur

Powell

et al. 1996

Biochemical Journal

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“…In the case of the immunoglobulin ,u heavy chain gene, polyadenylation site selection is developmentally regulated. The c-fgr gene resembles the rat disulphide isomerase gene (Edman et al, 1985) and the hamster HMG CoA reductase gene (Reynolds et al, 1984), however, in which the choice of polyadenylation site does not affect the protein product. It is not clear whether the choice of polyadenylation sites in the case of c-fgr is regulated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and expression of c-fgr protooncogene mRNA in Epstein-Barr virus converted cell lines

Brickell

Patel²

1988

Br J Cancer

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Summary The c-fgr protooncogene is a member of the c-src family of tyrosine kinases. Expression of c-fgr was studied in a series of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) negative Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines and their EBVconverted derivatives. Two transcripts, of 2.9kb and 3.5kb, were present at dramatically elevated levels following EBV-conversion.The structure of the c-fgr transcripts was studied by the isolation and nucleotide sequence analysis of cDNA clones. This indicated that the c-fgr protein encoded by the mature mRNA would contain 529 amino acids and have a molecular weight of approximately 58,000. The N-terminus of the predicted c-fgr protein has low amino acid homology with the N-termini of other members of this family of proteins, suggesting a cell specific function for the N-terminal domain. Analysis of the c-fgr cDNA clones also revealed the presence of alternative functional polyadenylation signals, although the use of these does not account for the size difference between the two major c-fgr transcripts.

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“…Several characteristics of the Giza promoter, such as high G + C content, high frequency of GpC dinucleotides, multiple GC boxes, and lack of a TATA box are common to the promoters of ras [29,30] and 'housekeeping' genes, such as the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase [31], EGF receptor [32], HMG-CoA reductase [33], and adenosine deaminase [34] genes. These promoter characteristics are presumably important for allowing these genes to be ubiquitously expressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the α‐subunit of G_i2, a GTP‐binding signal transduction protein

1988

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We isolated and characterized human genomic clones encompassing the gene for the a-subunit of Giz, a GTP-binding signal transduction protein abundantly expressed in myeloid cells. The gene is divided into 9 exons and spans 23.5 kb. Exons 2, 6 and 7 encode putative guanine nucleotide-binding domains that are highly conserved among GTP-binding proteins. A polyadenylation signal located within exon 9 predicts an mRNA size (_ 2.3 kb) several hundred bases longer than that of published cDNAs, and consistent with the size seen on RNA blot hybridization. Primer extension and S, nuclease analysis determined a major and several minor transcriptional start sites. The first exon and 5' flanking region are highly G + C rich, contain several GC boxes (SPl transcription factor binding sites), a CAAT box, and lack a TATA box. The presumptive promoter region is thus similar to that of rap and other widely expressed genes.

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HMG CoA reductase: A negatively regulated gene with unusual promoter and 5′ untranslated regions

Cited by 523 publications

References 28 publications

Cloning and characterization of the 5′ end and promoter region of the chicken acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene

Cloning and characterization of the 5′ end and promoter region of the chicken acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene

Structure and expression of c-fgr protooncogene mRNA in Epstein-Barr virus converted cell lines

Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the α‐subunit of G_i2, a GTP‐binding signal transduction protein

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HMG CoA reductase: A negatively regulated gene with unusual promoter and 5′ untranslated regions

Cited by 523 publications

References 28 publications

Cloning and characterization of the 5′ end and promoter region of the chicken acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene

Cloning and characterization of the 5′ end and promoter region of the chicken acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene

Structure and expression of c-fgr protooncogene mRNA in Epstein-Barr virus converted cell lines

Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the α‐subunit of Gi2, a GTP‐binding signal transduction protein

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Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the α‐subunit of G_i2, a GTP‐binding signal transduction protein