HLA‐DR6 association confers increased resistance to <i>T. rubrum</i> onychomycosis in Mexican Mestizos

Asz-Sigall, Daniel; López-García, Lirio; Vega‐Memije, María Elisa; Lacy-Niebla, Rosa María; García-Corona, Cristina; Ramírez‐Rentería, Claudia; Granados, Julio; Villa, Antonio; Ameen, Mahreen; Arenas, Roberto

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04550.x

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Family history is also believed to be a risk factor (Ghannoum et al, 2013), and pedigree analysis has shown autosomal dominant inheritance of T. rubrum susceptibility (Zaias et al, 1996). Genetic association studies have shown that susceptibility to T. rubrum onychomycosis is reduced by the presence of HLA DR53 and DR6 alleles (Zaitz et al, 1996;Asz-Sigall et al, 2010) but increased by HLA-DR8 (García-Romero et al, 2012). In addition, a À 44C/G polymorphism in the defensin beta (DEFB) 1 gene is correlated with increased fungal carriage (Jurevic et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Low DEFB4 Copy Number and High Systemic hBD-2 and IL-22 Levels Are Associated with Dermatophytosis

Jaradat

Cubillos

Krieg

et al. 2015

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Dermatophytes initiate dermatophytosis, but susceptibility to infection is dictated by host genetic factors, although the role of some of these-such as human beta-defensin 2 (hBD-2) genomic (DEFB4) copy number (CN) variation and its induction by IL-22-remains unclear. This was investigated in this cross-sectional study in 442 unrelated Caucasian subjects, including 195 healthy controls and 247 dermatophytosis patients who were divided into five subgroups according to clinical presentation. DNA samples were evaluated for DEFB4 CN variation by relative quantification using the comparative CT method, and serum hBD-2 and IL-22 levels were determined by ELISA. DEFB4 CN in patients was significantly lower and, except in the tinea cruris subgroup, serum hBD-2 levels were higher than in controls. The positive correlation between hBD-2 levels and DEFB4 CN observed in controls was not detected in patients, who also had higher serum IL-22 levels that were positively correlated with hBD-2 levels. Moreover, unlike in control subjects, the serum IL-22 level was negatively correlated with DEFB4 CN in patients. Taken together, these findings suggest an association between decreased DEFB4 CN, elevated serum hBD-2 and IL-22 levels, and dermatophytosis, underscoring a gene/cytokine interaction in the occurrence of this infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Low DEFB4 Copy Number and High Systemic hBD-2 and IL-22 Levels Are Associated with Dermatophytosis

Jaradat

Cubillos

Krieg

et al. 2015

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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“…HLA-DR6 fand sich bei 7 von 21 mexikanischen Mestizen mit Onychomykose (33 %), jedoch immerhin bei 45 % der Kontrollen [27]. Sechs Patienten (29 %) und 3 Kontrollen (7 %) hatten Kinder mit einer Nagelinfektion.…”

Section: Genetische Disposition Für Eine Onychomykoseunclassified

Mykologie – ein Update. Teil 1: Dermatomykosen: Erreger, Epidemiologie und Pathogenese

Nenoff¹,

Krüger²,

Ginter‐Hanselmayer

et al. 2014

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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“…In einer prospektiven Fall-Kontroll-Studie wurde kürzlich dieser Zusammenhang zum HLA-DR4 bei mexikanischen Mestizen untersucht [2]. HLA-DR6 fand sich bei 7 von 21 Patienten mit OM (33%), jedoch immerhin bei 19 (45%) der 42 Kontrollen.…”

Section: Genetische Disposition Für Eine Onychomykoseunclassified

Onychomykose – ein Update

Nenoff¹,

Ginter‐Hanselmayer

Hj³

2011

Hautarzt

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Onychomycosis describes a chronic fungal infection of the nails most frequently caused by dermatophytes, primarily Trichophyton rubrum. In addition, yeasts (e. g. Candida parapsilosis), more rarely molds (Scopulariopsis brevicaulis), play a role as causative agents of onychomycosis. However, in every case it has to be decided if these yeasts and molds are contaminants, or if they are growing secondarily on pathological altered nails. The point prevalence of onychomycosis in Germany is 12.4%, as demonstrated within the "Foot-Check-Study", which was a part of the European Achilles project. Although, onychomycosis is rarely diagnosed in children and teens, now an increase of fungal nail infections has been observed in childhood. More and more, diabetes mellitus becomes important as significant disposing factor both for tinea pedis and onychomycosis. By implication, the onychomycosis represents an independent and important predictor for development of diabetic foot syndrome and foot ulcer. When considering onychomycosis, a number of infectious and non-infectious nail changes must be excluded. While psoriasis of the nails does not represent a specific risk factor for onychomycosis, yeasts and molds are increasing isolated from patients with psoriatic nail involvement. In most cases this represents secondary growth of fungi on psoriatic nails. Recently, stigmatization and impairment of quality of life due to the onychomycosis has been proven.

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HLA‐DR6 association confers increased resistance to T. rubrum onychomycosis in Mexican Mestizos

Abstract: These results suggest that HLA-DR6 confers protection against the development of onychomycosis in a Mexican Mestizo population. Having an affected first-degree relative significantly increases the risk of onychomycosis, suggesting genetic susceptibility.

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Low DEFB4 Copy Number and High Systemic hBD-2 and IL-22 Levels Are Associated with Dermatophytosis

Low DEFB4 Copy Number and High Systemic hBD-2 and IL-22 Levels Are Associated with Dermatophytosis

Mykologie – ein Update. Teil 1: Dermatomykosen: Erreger, Epidemiologie und Pathogenese

Onychomykose – ein Update

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