HIV risk behavior among Peace Corps Volunteers

Moore, Jan; Beeker, Carolyn; Harrison, Janet S.; Eng, Thomas R.; Doll, Lynda S.

doi:10.1097/00002030-199507000-00018

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…4 In our audit, 70% of those reporting unsafe sex were female (while females made up 55% of volunteers); however, this could be due to females being more likely to admit to unsafe sex than males. The data gathered from this question should be interpreted with caution as it is likely to be subject to recall bias and underreporting.…”

Section: Figure 1 Reported Percentage Of Dengue Fever Virus (Dfv) Conmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…While there is evidence that aid workers have better knowledge of travel-related health risks, 1 significant risk-taking behavior has been recorded in this group. [2][3][4] Volunteer Service Abroad (VSA) is a New Zealand (NZ)-based development aid organization that has placed more than 3,500 skilled volunteers on assignment to developing countries throughout Melanesia, Polynesia, Asia, and Africa since 1962. 5 Assignment length varies, but most are of 2 years' Corresponding Author: Jenny T. Visser, MbCHB, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dengue Fever, Tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Conversion in a Group of Long‐Term Development Aid Workers

Visser

Edwards

2013

J Travel Med

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Infection with DFV and TB occurred in this group at rates similar to that seen in other groups of long-term travelers, and screening would appear to be warranted. While none contracted HIV or HCV infection, reported behavior did put them at risk of blood- and body fluid-borne diseases. It is important that pre-assignment travel health preparation in this group focuses on strategies to minimize these risks.

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Section: Figure 1 Reported Percentage Of Dengue Fever Virus (Dfv) Conmentioning

confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue Fever, Tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Conversion in a Group of Long‐Term Development Aid Workers

Visser

Edwards

2013

J Travel Med

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“…This alcohol-specific intervention can possibly be adapted to prevent/reduce other risky behaviors among these groups; such as risky sex and HIV/AIDS prevention among international travelers and foreign aid workers (Hawkes et al, 1984;Moore, Beeker, Harrison, Eng, & Doll, 1995) and cigarette smoking and drug use initiated during active duty for military studying abroad and these other groups, similarities are evident. These include acceptance and influence from peers, increased independence and unstructured time, underdeveloped neurological and cognitive functioning related to engagement in risky behavior, sensation seeking personality characteristics, developmental processes related to identity exploration and relationship pursuit, and difficulties with transitions to life away from familiar family, friends, and environments (Baer, 2002;Brown et al, 2008;Church, 1982;Erikson, 1968;Masten, Faden, Zucker, & Spear, 2009 …”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief online interventions targeting risk and protective factors for increased and problematic alcohol use among American college students studying abroad

Pedersen

Larimer

Atkins

et al. 2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Brief online interventions targeting risk and protective factors for increased and problematic alcohol use among American college students studying abroad Eric R. Pedersen Chair of the Supervisory Committee:Professor Mary E. Larimer PsychologyResearch documents increased and problematic alcohol use during study abroad experiences for college students. In addition, study abroad students may be a self-selecting subgroup of students who drink at greater rates and experience more consequences than non-study abroad students both prior to and after trips. Despite increasing numbers of students studying abroad each year and growing concerns about this high-risk event, there is limited research available documenting efficacious preventive programs with these students. Previous work suggests perceptions of study abroad peer drinking and host country native adult drinking are risk factors for increased alcohol use while abroad, while components related to positive Sojourner Adjustment (i.e., the process of positive and healthy adjustment among individuals establishing temporary residencies in new cultures) may protect against problematic use. Employing a 2 x 2 longitudinal randomized intervention design with an assessment only control condition, the present study sought to prevent increased and problematic alcohol use by correcting misperceptions of study abroad student and host country native drinking norms and by promoting positive and healthy adjustment into the host culture through brief online personalized feedback interventions. A sample of 343 study abroad students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions including a personalized normative feedback intervention (PNF) only, a Sojourner Adjustment feedback intervention (SAF), a combined PNF + SAF intervention, and an assessment only control condition. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that, contrary to hypotheses, participants in the SAF intervention condition increased their drinking during the first month abroad compared to control. This effect was mediated by decreases in perceived abstinence rates. In contrast, SAF and PNF participants reported reduced alcohol-related consequences compared to control participants during the last month abroad. Participants who studied in Europe and who reported higher pre-departure social reasons for drinking appeared to benefit most from the PNF intervention during the last month abroad. The interventions including SAF content appeared to work best for participants with higher coping reasons for drinking. This research represents an important first step in designing and implementing efficacious interventions with at-risk study abroad college students using online methodologies with normative information and Sojourner Adjustment content.

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“…Von 757 Patienten, die in Großbri-tannien tropenmedizinisch behandelt wurden, gaben 19% vorangegangene sexuelle Kontakte im Ausland an, wobei Kondome in 64% der Fälle unregelmäßig oder gar nicht verwendet wurden [9]. Deutlich häufiger sind sexuelle Beziehungen während länger dauernden Auslandsaufenthalten [10].…”

Section: Hepatitis Als Reisekrankheitunclassified

“…Die oben bereits erwähnten Untersuchungen zum Sexualverhalten unter Touristen deuten darauf hin, dass ungeschützter Geschlechtsverkehr und Promiskuität bzgl. einer HBV-Infektion reisemedizinisch relevant sind [8,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Hepatitis als Reisekrankheit

2004

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Every year over 50 million people travel from industrialized countries to areas with high prevalence of oral-fecal and sexually transmissible forms of viral hepatitis. The risk of infection with hepatitis A is associated with the standard of living, the length of stay, and the area of destination. Acute hepatitis E is predominantly transmitted in India and other Asian countries. The main risk factors for the acquisition of hepatitis B are sexual promiscuity and unprotected sexual intercourse. This report provides detailed information on the risk of hepatitis in travelers, available vaccination schedules, clinical and laboratory diagnostic features, and necessary therapeutic aspects in cases of ongoing acute viral hepatitis.

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HIV risk behavior among Peace Corps Volunteers

Cited by 41 publications

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Dengue Fever, Tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Conversion in a Group of Long‐Term Development Aid Workers

Dengue Fever, Tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Conversion in a Group of Long‐Term Development Aid Workers

Brief online interventions targeting risk and protective factors for increased and problematic alcohol use among American college students studying abroad

Hepatitis als Reisekrankheit

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