HIV-Related Occlusive Vasculitis

Evaluation of ocular manifestations and blindness in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in a tertiary care hospital in western India

“…The presence of HIV retinopathy is not usually associated with symptoms 7. Such microvascular changes cause vision loss only when they affect perifoveal capillaries and cause ischaemic maculopathy 8 9. In contrast to other studies, a majority of cases of HIV retinopathy were found to be symptomatic most probably due to associated macular ischaemia 8.…”

Evaluation of ocular manifestations and blindness in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in a tertiary care hospital in western India

“…The presence of HIV retinopathy is not usually associated with symptoms 7. Such microvascular changes cause vision loss only when they affect perifoveal capillaries and cause ischaemic maculopathy 8 9. In contrast to other studies, a majority of cases of HIV retinopathy were found to be symptomatic most probably due to associated macular ischaemia 8.…”

Ophthalmic Artery Occlusion as the Presenting Sign of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

“…7 Since then, a more profound occlusive vasculitis has been reported, with findings strikingly similar to our patient. 3 In the largest reported series of funduscopic findings in patients with HIV, the estimated prevalence of retinal vascular occlusion was 1.3%, with central retinal vein occlusion being the most common subtype. This study demonstrated an association between microvascular changes (HIV retinopathy) and the incidence of vascular occlusion (macrovasculopathy), although the mechanism of both remained ill-defined.…”

“…2 Involvement of the larger retinal vessels, however, has been reported less frequently, typically seen in critically ill patients with AIDS and multiple opportunistic infections. 3,4 It should be routine for practitioners to take a thorough history in patients presenting with signs of occlusive vasculitis, including a review of systems with special focus on infection, immunosuppression, and inflammatory disease. However, HIV testing is not universally seen as a component of the typical laboratory panel sent to determine the etiology of a retinal vasculitis.…”

Bilateral ischemic maculopathy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome

“…Noninfectious HIV retinopathy leading to visual disability was reported among AIDS patients. Superficial and intraretinal hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and small/large vessel occlusions are the common clinical findings in HIV retinopathy; macular ischemia and/or edema were considered rare findings [1-6]. The three hypothesis in the pathogenesis of HIV retinopathy as described by Jabs were immune complex deposition, HIV infection of the retinal vascular endothelium, and hemorrhagic abnormalities [1].…”

Evaluation of ocular manifestations and blindness in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in a tertiary care hospital in western India

“…The presence of HIV retinopathy is not usually associated with symptoms 7. Such microvascular changes cause vision loss only when they affect perifoveal capillaries and cause ischaemic maculopathy 8 9. In contrast to other studies, a majority of cases of HIV retinopathy were found to be symptomatic most probably due to associated macular ischaemia 8.…”

Ophthalmic Artery Occlusion as the Presenting Sign of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

“…7 Since then, a more profound occlusive vasculitis has been reported, with findings strikingly similar to our patient. 3 In the largest reported series of funduscopic findings in patients with HIV, the estimated prevalence of retinal vascular occlusion was 1.3%, with central retinal vein occlusion being the most common subtype. This study demonstrated an association between microvascular changes (HIV retinopathy) and the incidence of vascular occlusion (macrovasculopathy), although the mechanism of both remained ill-defined.…”

“…2 Involvement of the larger retinal vessels, however, has been reported less frequently, typically seen in critically ill patients with AIDS and multiple opportunistic infections. 3,4 It should be routine for practitioners to take a thorough history in patients presenting with signs of occlusive vasculitis, including a review of systems with special focus on infection, immunosuppression, and inflammatory disease. However, HIV testing is not universally seen as a component of the typical laboratory panel sent to determine the etiology of a retinal vasculitis.…”

Bilateral ischemic maculopathy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome

“…Noninfectious HIV retinopathy leading to visual disability was reported among AIDS patients. Superficial and intraretinal hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and small/large vessel occlusions are the common clinical findings in HIV retinopathy; macular ischemia and/or edema were considered rare findings [1-6]. The three hypothesis in the pathogenesis of HIV retinopathy as described by Jabs were immune complex deposition, HIV infection of the retinal vascular endothelium, and hemorrhagic abnormalities [1].…”

Evaluation of ocular manifestations and blindness in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in a tertiary care hospital in western India

“…The presence of HIV retinopathy is not usually associated with symptoms 7. Such microvascular changes cause vision loss only when they affect perifoveal capillaries and cause ischaemic maculopathy 8 9. In contrast to other studies, a majority of cases of HIV retinopathy were found to be symptomatic most probably due to associated macular ischaemia 8.…”

Ophthalmic Artery Occlusion as the Presenting Sign of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

“…7 Since then, a more profound occlusive vasculitis has been reported, with findings strikingly similar to our patient. 3 In the largest reported series of funduscopic findings in patients with HIV, the estimated prevalence of retinal vascular occlusion was 1.3%, with central retinal vein occlusion being the most common subtype. This study demonstrated an association between microvascular changes (HIV retinopathy) and the incidence of vascular occlusion (macrovasculopathy), although the mechanism of both remained ill-defined.…”

“…2 Involvement of the larger retinal vessels, however, has been reported less frequently, typically seen in critically ill patients with AIDS and multiple opportunistic infections. 3,4 It should be routine for practitioners to take a thorough history in patients presenting with signs of occlusive vasculitis, including a review of systems with special focus on infection, immunosuppression, and inflammatory disease. However, HIV testing is not universally seen as a component of the typical laboratory panel sent to determine the etiology of a retinal vasculitis.…”

Bilateral ischemic maculopathy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome

“…Noninfectious HIV retinopathy leading to visual disability was reported among AIDS patients. Superficial and intraretinal hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and small/large vessel occlusions are the common clinical findings in HIV retinopathy; macular ischemia and/or edema were considered rare findings [1-6]. The three hypothesis in the pathogenesis of HIV retinopathy as described by Jabs were immune complex deposition, HIV infection of the retinal vascular endothelium, and hemorrhagic abnormalities [1].…”