Historical Approach to the Terminology of Syphilis

Hudson, Ellis Herndon

doi:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580160009002

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It was recognised as a form of treatment for venereal diseases [31][32][33] prior to the introduction of salvarsan [34][35][36][37] and penicillin in the 20th century [38]. Mercury was provided to mothers during pregnancy [39] children, and infants in the form of ointments, calomel teething powders [24,40,41], and injections [41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Mercurial Teeth in a Possible Case of Congenital Syphilis and Tuberculosis in a 19th Century Child Skeleton

Ioannou

Henneberg

et al. 2015

Journal of Anthropology

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Without the presence of “caries sicca,” “sabre shins,” and nodes/expansion of the long bones with superficial cavitation, differential diagnosis of venereal syphilis and tuberculosis (TB) may be difficult as various infections produce similar responses. However, congenital syphilis has distinctive features facilitating a diagnosis. A case study of remains of a juvenile European settler (probably male, 8–10 years old) (B70) buried in the 19th century and excavated in 2000 from the cemetery of the Anglican Church of St. Marys in South Australia is presented. B70 demonstrated that the two diseases might have been present in the same individual, congenital syphilis and TB. Widespread destruction of vertebral bodies and kyphosis-related rib deformations indicate advanced TB. Severe dental hypoplasia is limited to permanent incisors and first molars; there is pitting on the palate, periosteal reaction on the skull vault, and thinned clavicles. Dental signs are not limited to “screwdriver” central incisors and mulberry molars. Apical portions of the crowns of permanent upper, lower, central, and lateral incisors have multiple hypoplastic-disorganized defects; deciduous canines have severely hypoplastic crowns while possibly hypoplastic occlusal surfaces of lower deciduous second molars are largely destroyed by extensive caries. These dental abnormalities resemble teeth affected by mercurial treatment in congenital syphilitic patients as described by Hutchinson.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Mercurial Teeth in a Possible Case of Congenital Syphilis and Tuberculosis in a 19th Century Child Skeleton

Ioannou

Henneberg

et al. 2015

Journal of Anthropology

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“…The reappearance of yaws may reopen unresolved debates about the relations between yaws and non-venereal syphilis5 9 10 and also between such non-venereal infections as bejel, njovera, dichuchwa, and sibbens" ("the Scottish yaws"), and South American pinta, caused by Spirochaeta carateum. Perhaps the newer medical schools in Nigeria, Malaysia, Fiji, and Brazil will rise to the challenge and investigate afresh such problems as subclinical infections, latency, the influence ofenvironmental factors on clinical patterns, the significance of returning or persisting serological changes, and the nature and degree of cross-immunity.…”

Section: Radiosensitisers;mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiosensitisers.

1980

BMJ

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“…This phenomenon was first described in 1497 [12, 13]. The main risk factors of T. pallidum transmission from mother to child are the evolution of maternal infection and in utero exposure time [10, 14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-malarial infectious diseases of antenatal care in pregnant women in Franceville, Gabon

Moukandja

Ngoungou

Lémamy

et al. 2017

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundIn sub-tropical countries, infectious diseases remain one of the main causes of mortality. Because of their lack of active immunity, pregnant women and their unborn children represent the most susceptible people. In Gabon, data on infectious diseases of pregnant women such as syphilis and rubella are either scarce or very old. Few studies have assessed T. gondii infection during pregnancy in the country. Here, we evaluate seroprevalence of HIV, HTVL-1, syphilis and T. gondii and rubella infection during antenatal care among women living in Franceville, Gabon.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on data collected from May 2007 to July 2010. After signing an informed written consent form, all pregnant women consulting in two hospitals of Franceville (Gabon) and in offices of maternity and childbirth health centers were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Serum samples were collected and analysed using immunological assays relevant for HIV (Genscreen HIV-1 version 2, Bio-Rad®, Marne la Roquette, France).HTLV-1 (Vironostika HTLV-1, Biomérieux®, Marcy l’Etoile, France), T. pallidum (TPHA/VDRL), BIOLABO®SA), rubella virus (Vidas Biomerieux®, Marcy l’Etoile, France) and T. gondii (Vidas Biomerieux®, Marcy l’Etoile, France) diagnoses were performed. Data analysis was done using the Stat view 5.0 software.ResultsA total of 973 pregnant women were assessed. The mean age was 25.84 ± 6.9 years, with a minimum age of 14.0 years and a maximum of 45.0 years. Women from 26 to 45 years old and unemployed women were the most prevalent: 41.93% and 77.18%, respectively. The prevalence of studied infectious diseases were 2.50% for syphilis, 2.88% for HTLV-1, 4.00% for HIV with no significant difference between them (p = 0.1). Seropositivity against rubella was higher (87.56%, n = 852) than seropositivity against T. gondii (57.35%, n = 557), (p < 0.0001). Only 5 (0.51%) co-infection cases were found: 2 co-infected with HIVand T. pallidum, 2 co-infected with HIV and HTLV-1, and one co-infected with T. pallidum and HTLV-1. Sixty-two pregnant women were seronegative against toxoplasmosis and rubella (6.37%).ConclusionHigh levels of seropositivity against T. gondii and the rubella virus were observed. The prevalence of T. pallidum and HTLV-1 were lowest but HIV prevalence in young women was worrying.

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Historical Approach to the Terminology of Syphilis

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Diagnosis of Mercurial Teeth in a Possible Case of Congenital Syphilis and Tuberculosis in a 19th Century Child Skeleton

Diagnosis of Mercurial Teeth in a Possible Case of Congenital Syphilis and Tuberculosis in a 19th Century Child Skeleton

Radiosensitisers.

Non-malarial infectious diseases of antenatal care in pregnant women in Franceville, Gabon

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