História da genética no Brasil: um olhar a partir do Museu da Genética da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Souza, Vanderlei Sebastião de; Dornelles, Rodrigo Ciconet; Júnior, Carlos E.A. Coimbra; Santos, Ricardo Ventura

doi:10.1590/s0104-59702013000200018

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The cluster of human geneticists at that institution, among them James Neel and William J. Schull, and the anthropologists, James Spuhler and Frank Livingstone, formed a research powerhouse, with strong relationships established across departmental boundaries. International scholars, such as Francisco Salzano from Brazil, and Derek Roberts from England were postdoctoral scholars in the human genetics department, and on returning home, further infused anthropology with genetics, and vice versa (Crawford, ; Souza, Dornelles, Coimbra, & Santos, ). Many human geneticists and anthropological geneticists of the next generation were trained at this institution (Lasker, ; Little & Sussman, ; Vitzthum, Fix, & Livingstone, ; Weiss, ).…”

Section: Genetics In Anthropology: From Embracing Genetics To Elucidamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exceeding Hrdlička's aims: 100 Years of genetics in anthropology

Szathmáry

2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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Section: Genetics In Anthropology: From Embracing Genetics To Elucidamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exceeding Hrdlička's aims: 100 Years of genetics in anthropology

Szathmáry

2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Ao final da década de 1950 e início de 1960, com a criação da Sociedade Brasileira de Genética (SBG) estimula-se a transferência dos conhecimentos de genética de drosófilas para estudos com genética humana. Inicia-se desta forma a constituição de departamentos de genética médica nas universidades, o que promove o início do ensino na área (Souza et al, 2013) e posteriormente nas escolas de Ensino Médio (Brasil, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Caracteres Humanos Herdados utilizados no Ensino de Genética em Livros Didáticos

Baiotto

Loreto²

2018

Acta Sci.

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Caracteres hereditários humanos vêm sendo progressivamente incluídos na contextualização dos padrões de herança no Ensino Médio com o objetivo de aproximar o cotidiano do aluno, tornando o ensino mais interessante, motivador e significativo. Informações equivocadas, com erros, desvios e mesmo simplificações com relação ao padrão de herança desses caracteres podem comprometer o ensino e levar a um descrédito da informação científica. Este estudo teve por objetivo levantar e analisar a utilização desses caracteres como forma de contextualizar os padrões de herança nos livros didáticos referências para o Ensino Médio em Biologia (PNLEM/2012). Observa-se uma preferência em utilizar caracteres humanos externos e facilmente identificáveis. No entanto, diferentes equívocos são relatados na utilização desses caracteres, sendo que os que mais comprometem o ensino são os erros conceituais e os desvios com relação à descrição dos textos de referência, que podem comprometer o ensino em decorrência dos equívocos implícitos nessas simplificações, visto que esses traços podem ser facilmente observáveis em si mesmo e em seus familiares.

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“…Through the 1960s and 1970s, many took doctoral or postdoctoral training either with Neel at the University of Michigan or with Morton at the University of Hawai‘i. Later they contributed to building the various graduate programs that make up the present‐day community of Brazilian geneticists (see Salzano , 2011; Souza et al ; Souza and Santos 2014). They also became participants in an international network of scientific research on human populations that took form in the 1960s and that still plays a critical role in biological anthropology research today.…”

Section: Concluding Thoughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To a great extent, the emergence of population genetics in Brazil after World War II is associated with the extended visits to Brazil at various periods in the 1940s and 1950s of the Russian‐American geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky, of Columbia University, through a program financed by the Rockefeller Foundation. Young researchers, trained through the Brazil‐Columbia program in Drosophila genetics, which was basic to the Dobzhansky interchange, later would become involved in human genetics, some of them establishing research partnerships with Morton and Neel (see also Glick ; Pavan and da Cunha 2003; Salzano , ; Salzano and Freire‐Maia ; Souza et al ; Souza and Santos 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Varieties of the Primitive: Human Biological Diversity Studies in Cold War Brazil (1962–1970)

Santos

Souza

2014

American Anthropologist

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In recent years, anthropologists, science scholars, and historians of science have shown growing interest in the history of research in physical anthropology in the post-World War II period, although most of the studies concentrate on North America and Europe. Here we focus on the history of human biological diversity research in South America in the 1960s. We carry out a comparative analysis of the research programs coordinated by two influential North American researchers (the geneticists Newton Morton and James Neel) in Brazil. We analyze the genesis of the two projects in light of the scientific and sociopolitical alignments of the period, and we find that the research was strongly tied to the context of the Cold War. We also address the scientific perspectives and choice of study populations (Indians and mestiç os), as well as how the researchers attempted to construct far-reaching scientific models pertinent to the human species as a whole based on the concept of "primitiveness." We argue that the research programs that Morton and Neel initiated in the 1960s are basic to the understanding of the history of physical anthropology not only in Brazil but also on a global scale in the decades following World War II. [history of physical-biological anthropology, human population diversity, population genetics, science studies, Newton Morton, James Neel, Brazil]RESUMEN En aãos recientes, antropólogos, investigadores de la ciencia e historiadores de la ciencia han mostrado un creciente interés en la historia de la investigación en antropología física en el período posterior a la segunda guerra mundial, aunque la mayoría de los estudios se concentran en América del Norte y Europa. Aquí nos concentramos en la historia de la investigación de la diversidad biológica humana en América del Sur en los 1960s. Llevamos a cabo un análisis comparativo de los programas de investigacién coordinados por dos investigadores influyentes Norteamericanos (los genetistas Newton Morton y James Neel) en Brasil. Analizamos la génesis de dos proyectos a la luz de los alineamientos científicos y sociopolíticos del período, y encontramos que la investigacién estuvo fuertemente atada al contexto del la Guerra Fría. También abordamos las perspectivas científicas y la eleccién de las poblaciones de los estudios (indígenas y mestizos), además de cémo los investigadores intentaron construir modelos científicos de gran alcance pertinentes a la especie humana como un todo basados en el concepto del "estado primitivo" Argumentamos que los programas de investigacién que Morton y Neel iniciaron en los 1960s son básicos para entender la historia de la antropología física no sélo en Brasil sino también en una escala global en las décadas siguientes a la Segunda Guerra Mundial. [historia de la antropología física-biolégica, diversidad de poblaciones humanas, genética poblacional, estudios de la ciencia, Newton Morton, James Neel, Brasil]

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História da genética no Brasil: um olhar a partir do Museu da Genética da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Exceeding Hrdlička's aims: 100 Years of genetics in anthropology

Exceeding Hrdlička's aims: 100 Years of genetics in anthropology

Caracteres Humanos Herdados utilizados no Ensino de Genética em Livros Didáticos

Varieties of the Primitive: Human Biological Diversity Studies in Cold War Brazil (1962–1970)

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