Histopathology of the immune system as a tool to assess immunotoxicity

Sensitivity of Mouse Lymphoid and Nonlymphoid Organs to Silesian Air Pollutants

“…The observed decrease in cell number and weight index of the thymus may result from the changes occurring during maturation and differentiation of the thymocytes, or from their death. Similarly, changes in the spleen, visible as great macrophagelike cells (''tingible body macrophages''; Schuurman et al, 1994), were observed 1-7 days following the exposure to great doses of pollutants (170 and 330 mg/kg body wt). In contrast to the clearly visible decrease in the cellularity and weight index observed in the thymus, these parameters were only slightly changed in the spleen.…”

“…According to Schuurman et al (1994), histological analysis of lymphoid tissue may be a useful tool for estimating the toxicity of the substance under investigation. These results concerning Silesian air pollutants seem to confirm this ap- proach.…”

Sensitivity of Mouse Lymphoid and Nonlymphoid Organs to Silesian Air Pollutants

“…The observed decrease in cell number and weight index of the thymus may result from the changes occurring during maturation and differentiation of the thymocytes, or from their death. Similarly, changes in the spleen, visible as great macrophagelike cells (''tingible body macrophages''; Schuurman et al, 1994), were observed 1-7 days following the exposure to great doses of pollutants (170 and 330 mg/kg body wt). In contrast to the clearly visible decrease in the cellularity and weight index observed in the thymus, these parameters were only slightly changed in the spleen.…”

“…According to Schuurman et al (1994), histological analysis of lymphoid tissue may be a useful tool for estimating the toxicity of the substance under investigation. These results concerning Silesian air pollutants seem to confirm this ap- proach.…”

Melatonin biosynthesis in the thymus of humans and rats

“…This physiological involution may be accelerated by endogenous or exogenous factors: hormonal disorders, severe stress, dietary impairment, bacterial endotoxins, ionizing radiation and treatments with corticoids, antitumor drugs or adrenergic drugs. Under these stimuli the thymus rapidly diminishes in size, due to massive death of cortical thymocytes and their removal by macrophages [13,59,60]. Thymus involution involves a gradual regression in the size, weight and cellularity of the thymus, principally by an increase in cell death and a decrease in proliferation.…”

Immunotoxicological effects of piperine in mice

“…Immunological response of mice to piperine was studied by using both in vitro and in vivo parameters, such as changes in body weight and organs weight, haematology, histology and functional activity of immunocompetent cells (Munsen et al, 1982;Schuurman et al, 1994). In earlier animal studies, piperine given orally or intraperitoneally, was excreted slowly, and attained appreciable concentrations in various lymphoid organs and plasma (Bhatt and Chandrashekhara, 1986;Bajad et al, 2002).…”

Sensitivity of Mouse Lymphoid and Nonlymphoid Organs to Silesian Air Pollutants

“…The observed decrease in cell number and weight index of the thymus may result from the changes occurring during maturation and differentiation of the thymocytes, or from their death. Similarly, changes in the spleen, visible as great macrophagelike cells (''tingible body macrophages''; Schuurman et al, 1994), were observed 1-7 days following the exposure to great doses of pollutants (170 and 330 mg/kg body wt). In contrast to the clearly visible decrease in the cellularity and weight index observed in the thymus, these parameters were only slightly changed in the spleen.…”

“…According to Schuurman et al (1994), histological analysis of lymphoid tissue may be a useful tool for estimating the toxicity of the substance under investigation. These results concerning Silesian air pollutants seem to confirm this ap- proach.…”

Melatonin biosynthesis in the thymus of humans and rats

“…This physiological involution may be accelerated by endogenous or exogenous factors: hormonal disorders, severe stress, dietary impairment, bacterial endotoxins, ionizing radiation and treatments with corticoids, antitumor drugs or adrenergic drugs. Under these stimuli the thymus rapidly diminishes in size, due to massive death of cortical thymocytes and their removal by macrophages [13,59,60]. Thymus involution involves a gradual regression in the size, weight and cellularity of the thymus, principally by an increase in cell death and a decrease in proliferation.…”

Immunotoxicological effects of piperine in mice

“…Immunological response of mice to piperine was studied by using both in vitro and in vivo parameters, such as changes in body weight and organs weight, haematology, histology and functional activity of immunocompetent cells (Munsen et al, 1982;Schuurman et al, 1994). In earlier animal studies, piperine given orally or intraperitoneally, was excreted slowly, and attained appreciable concentrations in various lymphoid organs and plasma (Bhatt and Chandrashekhara, 1986;Bajad et al, 2002).…”

Sensitivity of Mouse Lymphoid and Nonlymphoid Organs to Silesian Air Pollutants

“…The observed decrease in cell number and weight index of the thymus may result from the changes occurring during maturation and differentiation of the thymocytes, or from their death. Similarly, changes in the spleen, visible as great macrophagelike cells (''tingible body macrophages''; Schuurman et al, 1994), were observed 1-7 days following the exposure to great doses of pollutants (170 and 330 mg/kg body wt). In contrast to the clearly visible decrease in the cellularity and weight index observed in the thymus, these parameters were only slightly changed in the spleen.…”

“…According to Schuurman et al (1994), histological analysis of lymphoid tissue may be a useful tool for estimating the toxicity of the substance under investigation. These results concerning Silesian air pollutants seem to confirm this ap- proach.…”

Melatonin biosynthesis in the thymus of humans and rats

“…This physiological involution may be accelerated by endogenous or exogenous factors: hormonal disorders, severe stress, dietary impairment, bacterial endotoxins, ionizing radiation and treatments with corticoids, antitumor drugs or adrenergic drugs. Under these stimuli the thymus rapidly diminishes in size, due to massive death of cortical thymocytes and their removal by macrophages [13,59,60]. Thymus involution involves a gradual regression in the size, weight and cellularity of the thymus, principally by an increase in cell death and a decrease in proliferation.…”

Immunotoxicological effects of piperine in mice

“…Immunological response of mice to piperine was studied by using both in vitro and in vivo parameters, such as changes in body weight and organs weight, haematology, histology and functional activity of immunocompetent cells (Munsen et al, 1982;Schuurman et al, 1994). In earlier animal studies, piperine given orally or intraperitoneally, was excreted slowly, and attained appreciable concentrations in various lymphoid organs and plasma (Bhatt and Chandrashekhara, 1986;Bajad et al, 2002).…”