Histopathology of retained bovine fetal membranes

Al-Sadi, H. I.; Majeed, A.F.; Ridha, Abduh

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(94)90271-2

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The pregnancy stage-dependent expression of glucocorticoid receptors in crypt epithelial cells, in maternal diplocaryocytes and in the interplacental uterine wall (Kohtes et al, 1998;Janssen et al, 1999) indicates that the initiation of parturition, that is expulsion of the fetus, and especially the release of the fetal membranes is mediated separately at these sites. This hypothesis is supported by the prepartum decrease in the number of the two types of placental cell mentioned above, which is termed placental maturation (Woicke et al, 1986;Williams et al, 1987;Gross et al, 1991;Al-Sadi et al, 1994). Oestrogens may also play an important role, as crypt epithelial cells have high concentrations of the respective receptors, as demonstrated in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Immunohistochemical assessment of progesterone, oestrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in bovine placentomes during pregnancy, induced parturition, and after birth with or without retention of fetal membranes

Boos¹,

Kohtes²,

Stelljes³

et al. 2000

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Steroid hormones play an important role in placental development. However, the exact cellular site of hormone action has not been evaluated in bovine placentomes. Thus, the present immunohistochemical study was designed to assess the distribution of progesterone receptors, oestrogen receptors and glucocorticoid receptors in bovine placentomes. Tissue specimens were obtained from cows at slaughter and from cattle during pre-term Caesarean section 27 h after prostaglandin administration, immediately after spontaneous parturition and from cattle that had retained the fetal membranes. Specific antibodies were used for receptor demonstration in tissue sections. Progesterone receptors were only detected in maternal connective tissue cells, whereas oestrogen receptors were also present in maternal crypt epithelium. At specific sites, both receptor immunoreactivities remained constant or changed significantly during pregnancy, were generally higher during Caesarean section and decreased post partum, but were less pronounced in cattle that released the fetal membranes than in those that retained the fetal membranes. Glucocorticoid receptors were evident in fetal connective tissue cells as well as in fetal and maternal blood vessels. Maternal crypt epithelial cells showed increasing immunoreactivities for glucocorticoid receptors during pregnancy. Receptor immunoreactivities tended to be lower after spontaneous parturition than during Caesarean section; these results were significant for progesterone and oestrogen receptors in animals that released the fetal membranes but not for those that retained the fetal membranes. The results indicate that in bovine placentome steroid hormone receptors are distributed in patterns that are specific to the type of cell, the stage of pregnancy and the tissue location, implying highly specific modulation of placental metabolism. Retention of the fetal membranes is reflected by altered placental receptor states at parturition.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Immunohistochemical assessment of progesterone, oestrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in bovine placentomes during pregnancy, induced parturition, and after birth with or without retention of fetal membranes

Boos¹,

Kohtes²,

Stelljes³

et al. 2000

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vascular changes such as edema, thrombosis, and vasculitis in placentomes of cows with retained placenta after normal birth has been reported by other authors, but they did not describe the histologic findings in cows without retained fetal placenta. 2…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunohistolabeling of cotyledons for cleaved caspase 3 and lamin A was quantified on 145 histologic sections. The area of positive immunolabeling ranged from 0.002 to 58.8 mm 2 for cleaved caspase 3 and from 0.002 mm 2…”

Section: Immunohistochemical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Bovine Fetal Placenta During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bovine abortion is a worldwide problem, but despite extensive histopathologic and molecular investigations, the cause of abortion remains unclear in about 70% of cases. Cellular debris is a commonly observed histopathologic finding in the fetal placenta and is often interpreted as necrosis. In this study, the nature of this cellular debris was characterized, and histologic changes in the normal fetal placenta during pregnancy and after delivery were assessed. In addition, the presence of the most common abortifacient pathogens in Switzerland ( Chlamydiaceae, Coxiella burnetii, Neospora caninum) was tested by polymerase chain reaction. We collected 51 placentomes and 235 cotyledons from 41 and from 50 cows, respectively. In total, cellular debris was present in 48 of 51 (94%) placentomes and in 225 of 235 (96%) cotyledons, inflammation occurred in 1 of 51 (2%) placentomes and in 46 of 235 (20%) cotyledons, vasculitis was seen in 1 of 51 (2%) placentomes and 46 of 235 (20%) cotyledons, and 18 of 51 (35%) placentomes and 181 of 235 (77%) cotyledons had mineralization. The amount of cellular debris correlated with areas of positive signals for cleaved caspase 3 and lamin A. Therefore, this finding was interpreted as an apoptotic process. In total, 10 of 50 cotyledons (20%) were positive for C. burnetii DNA, most likely representing subclinical infections. The results of our study indicate that histologic features in the fetal placenta such as cellular debris, inflammation, vasculitis, and mineralization must be considered physiological processes during pregnancy and after delivery. Therefore, their presence in placentae of aborted fetuses must be interpreted with caution and might not be necessarily linked to an infectious cause of abortion.

show abstract

“…Histological examination of the placentome postpartum associated with cases of retained fetal membranes has shown that there can be small areas of necrosis between the villous trophoblast and the crypt epithelium, suggesting that there may have been a more generalised disease condition. Al‐Sadi and others (1994) consistently found microorganisms in the placentomes of such cases, whereas necrotic epithelium was found only in cases associated with dystocia. Chorionitis or placentitis both increase the risk of retention, irrespective of whether only the villi or the entire placentome are involved (Fig 5); the inflammation can range from mild to severe, and can be focal or diffuse.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Fetomaternal Unitmentioning

confidence: 92%

Structure and function of the bovine fetomaternal unit in relation to the causes of retained fetal membranes

McNaughton

Murray

2009

Veterinary Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Approximately 5 per cent of dairy cows are affected by retained fetal membranes. Retained fetal membranes are an important risk factor for the metritis/endometritis disease complex occurring in early lactation, and costs the UK dairy industry approximately pound16 million annually in lost production. Veterinary clinicians have described the clinical signs, treatment and some associated risk factors of the condition since early Victorian times, and these have not changed over time. Research carried out within the past 20 years suggests that there is an immunological basis for retained fetal membranes. In a normal calving, the maturation of the placenta and its separation from healthy caruncles depends upon incompatibility between maternal and fetal major histocompatibility complex class I expressed on epithelium within the fetomaternal unit. Placental maturation follows stimulation of the maternal immune response and the production of neutrophil-activating factors within the epithelium in the caruncular arcade. This affects the extracellular matrix components within the placentome, breaking down collagen within the chorionic villi and assisting in separation from the caruncle. Factors influencing normal placental maturation include downregulation of antioxidative defence mechanisms against reactive oxygen species, a lower ratio of prostaglandin E(2) to prostaglandin F(2alpha) within the fetomaternal compartments of the placentome, and an elevated steroid hormone receptor status, which reduces the rate of apoptosis occurring in the chorionic epithelium before calving.

show abstract

Histopathology of retained bovine fetal membranes

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Immunohistochemical assessment of progesterone, oestrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in bovine placentomes during pregnancy, induced parturition, and after birth with or without retention of fetal membranes

Immunohistochemical assessment of progesterone, oestrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in bovine placentomes during pregnancy, induced parturition, and after birth with or without retention of fetal membranes

Bovine Fetal Placenta During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

Structure and function of the bovine fetomaternal unit in relation to the causes of retained fetal membranes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About