Histological changes in the liver of fetuses of pregnant rats following citalopram administration

Mohammadi, Zohreh; Azarnia, Mahnaz; Mirabolghasemi, Ghadireh; Shiravi, Abdolhossein

doi:10.4103/0253-7613.117726

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Also, the selective resistance to lysosomal degradation within the autophagic vacuole results in the formation of membrane lamella [54] . In this study, von Kuppfer cells in the citalopram treated mother were apparently increased in numbers and showed phagosomes and vacuolation of their cytoplasm, these results were supported by study that revealed that citalopram administration by pregnant rats increased significantly von Kupffer cells and lymphocytes in the fetuses of the group who received citalopram at a dose of 20mg/kg/day during gestation [5] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are the pharmacological treatment of choice for depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. These drugs are specifically recommended for the treatment of these disorders during pregnancy and lactation [4,5] . Citalopram is the first line of treatment among SSRIs for depression with high potency and selectivity for serotonin uptake [3,6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Effect of Administration of Citalopram on the Liver of the Pregnant Albino Rats and the Liver of their Offspring

El-Mohsen¹,

Ismaeil

Mohamed

2018

The Medical Journal of Cairo University

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Background: Depression and anxiety are common public health problems. Citalopram is the first line of treatment for depression among SSRIs with high potency and selectivity for serotonin uptake. Pregnancy appears to increase the risk of anxiety by 10-30% of pregnant women. Women previously known with depressive disorder have an increased risk of depression in connection with pregnancy. The liver is a primary target of adverse drug reactions because it is the predominant site for the biotransformation and metabolism of the drugs. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of administration of citalopram on the liver of the pregnant albino rats and the liver of their offspring.Material and Methods: Forty pregnant albino rats were chosen for this study. They were divided into two equal groups, each group contained twenty pregnant albino rats. Each group was subdivided into two equal subgroups and each subgroup contained ten pregnant albino rats: Group I (control group): Each pregnant albino rat was already given by a gastric gavage 0.18ml distilled water daily one week before pregnancy. This group was divided equally into 2 sub-groups: Subgroup IA: Each pregnant albino rat was given by a gastric gavage 0.18ml distilled water daily during pregnancy. Subgroup IB: Each pregnant albino rat was given by a gastric gavage 0.18ml distilled water daily during pregnancy and continued daily for 2 weeks after delivery with the same dose. Group II (Citalopram treated group): Each pregnant albino rat was given by a gastric gavage 0.18ml distilled water containing 0.36mg citalopram daily one week before pregnancy. This group was divided equally into 2 sub-groups: Subgroup IIA: Each pregnant albino rat also was given by a gastric gavage 0.18ml distilled water containing 0.3 6mg citalopram daily during pregnancy. Subgroup IIB: Each pregnant albino rat also was given by a gastric gavage 0.18ml distilled water containing 0.36mg citalopram daily during pregnancy and continued 2 weeks after delivery. At the end of the experimental period, the albino rat mothers and their offspring were collected on the 1 st day (subgroups IA and IIA) and fifteenth days after delivery (subgroups IB and IIB). Biochemical study was done for all albino rat mothers before liver dissection by taken blood samples to measure the levels of Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) andGamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) in the serum followed by statistical analysis of the data using unpaired student's ttest. Paraffin sections for albino rat mothers and their offspring were prepared to be stained with H & E, Masson's trichrome and Gordon and sweet's stains for light microscopic study. Specimens of the liver were also prepared for electron microscopic study. The semithin sections were cut and stained with toluidine blue and examined by light microscope. The ultrathin sections were cut and examined using a transmission electron microscope.Results: Administration of citalopram led to a significant elevation in the liver ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Effect of Administration of Citalopram on the Liver of the Pregnant Albino Rats and the Liver of their Offspring

El-Mohsen¹,

Ismaeil

Mohamed

2018

The Medical Journal of Cairo University

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“…Rats exposed to the SSRI fluoxetine revealed histopathological liver injury, with symptoms like, e.g., increased numbers of Kupffer and inflammatory cells as well as focal necrosis [69,70]. Likewise, rats exposed to 20-mg/kg citalopram showed increased inflammation in their livers, higher numbers of Kupffer cells and liver lymphocytes as well as an increased activity of liver enzymes [68,71]. Additionally, isolated rat hepatocytes exposed to 500-µM citalopram showed cell death, oxidative stress and mitochondrial toxicity [68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and cellular biomarkers in brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) in response to the antidepressants citalopram and venlafaxine

et al. 2020

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Background During the last decades, a worldwide increase in the number of cases of depression accompanied by rising prescription rates of antidepressants was recorded. In Germany, the two most prescribed antidepressants are the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram and the serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) venlafaxine, taking about 30% of the market share. Both antidepressants are found frequently in surface waters and have the potential of adversely affecting aquatic organisms. Most studies dealing with antidepressants address apical endpoints and behaviour; however, only few studies investigate biochemical biomarkers and histopathological alterations. We conducted citalopram and venlafaxine exposure experiments over 5 months, starting with brown trout eggs in the eyed-ova stage, as well as with juvenile brown trout for 4 weeks. Exposure concentrations ranged from environmentally relevant 1 µg/L up to 1 mg/L. In this study, we investigated the effects of the antidepressants on b-esterase activity (neurotoxicity), stress protein level (proteotoxicity) and superoxide dismutase activity (oxidative stress). Additionally, we assessed the health status of the liver by means of histopathological analyses. Results We were able to show that both antidepressants did neither induce proteotoxic nor neurotoxic effects in brown trout. But for venlafaxine, the biochemical biomarker for oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase activity) was significantly increased in larvae exposed to at least 10-µg/L venlafaxine at 7 °C. With regard to liver histopathology, fish exposed to higher citalopram concentrations were in a worse health condition than control fish irrespective of their life stage. Also, the energy storage of fish exposed to 1 mg/L citalopram was reduced. Conclusion Thus, we here report citalopram-dependent histopathological alterations in brown trout liver, and the induction of oxidative stress by venlafaxine.

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“…Moreover, in a former experiment in brown trout, exposure to citalopram led to impaired liver health condition [60]. In addition, in human patients and in rats treated with citalopram, adverse alterations in the liver have also been reported [102][103][104][105]. Histopathological impairment of vital organs can, therefore, affect the individual health of an organism and, as a result, have effects at the population level [49][50][51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Antidepressants Citalopram and Venlafaxine on the Big Ramshorn Snail (Planorbarius corneus)

Eckstein

Köhler

Tisler

et al. 2021

Water

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Depression is a serious health issue and, being such, treatment for it has become a topic of increasing concern. Consequently, the prescription rates of antidepressants have increased by about 50% over the past decade. Among antidepressants, citalopram and venlafaxine are the most frequently prescribed in Germany. Due to the high consumption and low elimination rates of both antidepressants during wastewater purification, they are frequently found in surface waters, where they may pose a risk to the aquatic environment. For the present study, we conducted experiments with the big ramshorn snail, which we exposed to environmentally relevant and explicitly higher concentrations (1–1000 µg/L) of the antidepressants citalopram and venlafaxine. We investigated apical endpoints, such as weight, mortality, behavioural changes, B-esterase activity, Hsp70 stress protein level and superoxide dismutase activity, as well as the tissue integrity of the hepatopancreas in the exposed snails. Citalopram and venlafaxine had no effects on the B-esterase activity, Hsp70 level and superoxide dismutase activity. Citalopram exposure resulted in weight reduction and tissue reactions in the hepatopancreas of snails exposed to 1000 µg/L. In contrast, venlafaxine did not induce comparable effects, but impacted the behaviour (sole detachment) of snails exposed to 100 µg/L and 1000 µg/L of the antidepressant. These results revealed that venlafaxine can affect snails at concentrations 10 times lower than citalopram. For this, in 2020 venlafaxine was introduced in the “Surface Water Watch List”, a list of potential pollutants that should be carefully monitored in surface water by the EU Member States.

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Histological changes in the liver of fetuses of pregnant rats following citalopram administration

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Study of the Effect of Administration of Citalopram on the Liver of the Pregnant Albino Rats and the Liver of their Offspring

Study of the Effect of Administration of Citalopram on the Liver of the Pregnant Albino Rats and the Liver of their Offspring

Biochemical and cellular biomarkers in brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) in response to the antidepressants citalopram and venlafaxine

Effects of the Antidepressants Citalopram and Venlafaxine on the Big Ramshorn Snail (Planorbarius corneus)

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