Histogenesis of hair in the mink and its relationship to dermal fetal fat cells

Dolnick, E. H.

doi:10.1002/jmor.1051050102

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For lipophilic contaminants, increases in the wet‐weight concentration of organisms up a food chain (e.g., wet‐wt BMF > 1) can occur as a simple result of increasing the lipid content of consumers and, thus, may be misconstrued as biomagnification. In the present study, whole‐body mink lipid content [36] was approximately threefold higher than the lipid content of spiked food; thus, a better measure of true biomagnification (e.g., fugacity driven) is the lipid weight‐normalized, or lipid‐weight, BMF [12]. The lipid‐weight BMFs were calculated by dividing the mean lipid‐normalized abdominal fat concentrations by the measured lipid‐normalized food concentrations (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary accumulation, disposition, and metabolism of technical pentabrominated diphenyl ether (DE‐71) in pregnant mink (Mustela vison) and their offspring

Zhang

Bursian

Martin

et al. 2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in humans and wildlife suggest significant bioaccumulation potential in mammals, but no quantitative biomagnification data from controlled experiments are currently available. As part of a larger study examining the effects of PBDEs on mink (Mustela vison) reproduction and development, we examined congener-specific tissue distribution, maternal transfer, biotransformation, and biomagnification of the technical penta-BDE mixture, DE-71, in farmed mink. Adult female mink were fed one of four concentrations of DE-71 (0-2.5 microg/g) in the diet from breeding through gestation and until weaning at 6 weeks postparturition. Parent PBDEs were measured in tissues and excreta of adult mink, kits, and juveniles, whereas hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs) were measured in juveniles only. Similar lipid-normalized concentrations of PBDEs were detected in most tissues of adult mink with the exception of brain, in which concentrations were significantly lower. Kits, however, had a higher proportion of PBDEs in brain compared with adults, presumably because of incomplete development of the blood-brain barrier. Maternal transfer favored lower-brominated PBDE congeners, and the bulk of the body burden in kits at weaning resulted from lactational rather than transplacental transfer. Lipid-normalized, whole-body biomagnification factors ranged from 0.5 to 5.2 for the major congeners and were highest for BDEs 47 and 153. Metabolism clearly limited the biomagnification of some PBDEs, and OH-PBDEs were detectable in plasma, liver, and feces. On a mass basis, OH-PBDEs accounted for 28 to 32% of the excreted fraction, indicating metabolism was an important elimination pathway. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms of PBDE biotransformation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary accumulation, disposition, and metabolism of technical pentabrominated diphenyl ether (DE‐71) in pregnant mink (Mustela vison) and their offspring

Zhang

Bursian

Martin

et al. 2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…This may be explained by being the period in which mink kits start-to consume solid food, and thus have to adapt to a situation where they are not solely dependent on the mother's milk production. Another possible explanation could be growth of the summer fur coat, but according to Dolnick (1959) this was first evident at a kit age of 42 days.…”

Section: A H Tausonmentioning

confidence: 96%

Postnatal Development in Mink Kits

Tauson

1994

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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The relative growth rate of mink kits during the 42 day lactation period was evaluated. Postnatal development, including chemical composition of the body, relative weights of liver and digestive tracts, liver glycogen, plasma glucose and cortisol, was studied from birth until 5-6 days of age. A maximum relative growth rate of 23%/d was recorded between 1 and 2 days of age. The average over 42 days was 9%/d. Body fat content increased from 1.4% at birth to 4.4% at 5 days of age. Stillborn kits tended to have a lower fat content than live born. Nutrient and energy retention data indicated a ten-fold increase in fat, a doubled protein content, and a three-fold increase in energy retained from birth until 5 days of age. The liver and digestive tract made up 3.5 and 5.6% of body weight at birth, respectively, a ratio that increased to 5% (liver) and 6.5%

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“…This has resulted in more exact and basic knowledge about hair structure, growth and maturation (i.e., hair follicle activity) throughout the whole hair growth cycle or specified parts of it. The histogenesis of hair in mink, fetal and one to 120 days of age, was studied by Dolnick (1959). Further, the histological determination of different stages of underfur and guard hair growth in mink by counting separately the number of growing and mature hairs was reported by Blomstedt (1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of variations in dietary protein levels on hair growth and pelt quality in mink (Mustela vison)

Rasmussen¹,

Børsting²

2000

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Rasmussen, P. V. and Børsting, C. F. 2000. Effects of variations in dietary protein levels on hair growth and pelt quality in mink (Mustela vison). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 633-642. The effect of different and shifting dietary protein levels on hair growth and the resulting pelt quality in mink was studied. Two groups of pastel female mink were fed either 59% (high protein, HP) or 40% (low protein, LP) of metabolisable energy (ME) from protein during pregnancy and lactation. Shortly after weaning, kits from females fed the LP diet were put on a new LP diet (21% protein of ME). Kits from females fed HP were randomly distributed to four experimental groups fed a new HP diet (34% protein of ME) and three of these groups were shifted to diets with 21% protein at different times during June until September. Skin biopsies were taken at 4, 6, 23 and, 29 wk of age. Histological techniques and computer-assisted light microscopy were used to determine the ratio of activity (ROA) of underfur and guard hairs, respectively, defined as the number of growing hairs as a percentage of the total number of hairs. The hair fibre length and thickness were determined by morphometric methods and correlated with fur properties of dried pelts judged by sensory methods. It was documented that 40% of ME from protein during pregnancy and lactation was sufficient for mink kits to express their genetic capacity to produce hair follicles. In males, a reduced protein level from the age of 15 wk or 22 wk until pelting disturbed moulting, indicated by a low ROA of underfur hairs at 23 wk, and consequently reduced the growth and development of the winter coat. A constantly low protein level from conception until the age of 29 wk did not disturb moulting, but led to a reduction of primeness and especially of the underfur length and fibre thickness of the winter coat. A low protein level from the age of 9 wk only reduced the thickness of the underfur fibres. Hair growth, final fur volume, and general quality of the winter coat of males were influenced negatively and to the same degree in all groups fed the LP diet in part of the growth period. The number of underfur hairs per area (hair density) of the winter coat was not influenced by the dietary treatment meaning that the protein content of 21% of ME in the LP diet was high enough for the mink to express its genetic capacity to develop hair follicles. However, this low protein content led to a reduction of hair fibre length and hair fibre thickness of the underfur. Overall, this study demonstrated that hair growth and hair properties in pelts are very dependent on the dietary protein supply in the period from 22 wk of age until pelting, irrespective of the supply in the preceding periods.Key words: Fur properties, hair fibres, nutrition, pelage, protein requirement.Rasmussen, P. V. et Børsting, C. F. 2000. Effets des variations du niveau protéique de l'alimentation sur la croissance du poil et sur la qualité de la fourrure chez le vison (Mustela vison). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 633-642. Nous avons ex...

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Histogenesis of hair in the mink and its relationship to dermal fetal fat cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Dietary accumulation, disposition, and metabolism of technical pentabrominated diphenyl ether (DE‐71) in pregnant mink (Mustela vison) and their offspring

Dietary accumulation, disposition, and metabolism of technical pentabrominated diphenyl ether (DE‐71) in pregnant mink (Mustela vison) and their offspring

Postnatal Development in Mink Kits

Effects of variations in dietary protein levels on hair growth and pelt quality in mink (Mustela vison)

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