Highway Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks: Information Propagation Speed Properties

Abstract

Abstract-In this paper, we provide a full analysis of the information propagation speed in bidirectional vehicular delay tolerant networks such as roads or highways. The provided analysis shows that a phase transition occurs concerning the information propagation speed, with respect to the vehicle densities in each direction of the highway. We prove that under a certain threshold, information propagates on average at vehicle speed, while above this threshold, information propagates dramatically faster at a speed that increases quasi-exponentially when the vehicle density increases. We provide the exact expressions of the threshold and of the average information propagation speed near the threshold, in case of finite or infinite radio propagation speed. Furthermore, we investigate in detail the way information propagates under the threshold, and we prove that delay tolerant routing using cars moving on both directions provides a gain in propagation distance, which is bounded by a sublinear power law with respect to the elapsed time, in the referential of the moving cars. Combining these results, we thus obtain a complete picture of the way information propagates in vehicular networks on roads and highways, which may help designing and evaluating appropriate vehicular ad hoc networks routing protocols. We confirm our analytical results using simulations carried out in several environments (The One and Maple).

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“…We only consider unidirectional traffic flow. Using bidirectional traffic in VANET communication can increase connectivity [29][30][31], but requires more complicated store-carry-forward routing strategy, and causing long message delivery delays [31][32][33][34]. The VANET is connected if X i is less than the communication range z, for all values of i.…”

A Survey on Platoon-Based Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems

“…They derived analytical probability distributions for message transmission times under the assumption of Poissonian distance distribution between adjacent vehicles. In [117], Baccelli et al analyzed the information propagation speed in a bi-directional highway. The conclusion shows that under a certain threshold of vehicle density, information propagates on average at the vehicle speed.…”

A Comprehensive Insight towards Research Direction in Information Propagation

“…Pereira et al [66] have introduced a diffusionbased data propagation model using the expectationmaximization algorithm. Baccelli et al [67] have investigated the case study of delay tolerant network in order to further assess the characteristics of speed associated with information propagation among the vehicles. The authors find that speed of information propagation behaves in a different way when compared with certain thresholds.…”