Highly Stable Mesoporous Metal Oxides Using Nano-Propping Hybrid Gemini Surfactants

Abstract

Noble Gemini surfactants containing a siloxane moiety have been designed and successfully synthesized in the present study and are utilized as structure-directing agents for mesoporous metal oxides such as zirconia, titania, and vanadia. The siloxane moiety is believed to play an important nano-propping role during the surfactant removal by direct calcination, yielding thermally stable mesoporous metal oxides. It is also believed that the synthesis strategy described here can be applied to the synthesis of robust nanostructured materials such as nanoparticles and nanorods in addition to mesoporous materials.

Synthesis and Applications of Hollow Particles

“…6. Other hollow par ticles prepared by sur factants vesicles templates method include hollow CaCO 3 78) , hollow zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) 79) , hollow PS 80) , and hollow aluminosilicate 81) .…”

Amorphous Porous Mixed Oxides: A New and Highly Versatile Class of Materials

“…One of the main disadvantages of use of ionic templates is the need for extreme pH values for synthesis and a limited lower pore size. Synthesis of highly stable Zr, Ti, and V oxides with Gemini templates are described by Kim [76,77] which contain many hydrophilic or hydrophobie groups and form micelles at low concentrations. Synthesis of porous transition metal oxides by neutral method, based on the use of di-or tri-block copolymers is characterized by simplicity, low cost, and high tolerance to a large number of elements [78][79][80].…”

Transformation of β-Ni(OH)2to NiO nano-sheets via surface nanocrystalline zirconia coating: Shape and size retention

“…In order to preserve nanostructured natures of materials at elevated temperatures, retardation of sintering behaviors was considered. However, only few reports emphasized stabilization of the nanostructured materials at high temperatures [1][2][3][4][5]. Pang et al showed the size of SnO 2 nanoparticles could be controlled as small as 3.5 nm even heat treatment at 600°C [3].…”

“…Wu et al found that surface-modified methylsiloxyl groups on the metal oxide gel could prevent grain growth of metal oxides during high temperature treatments and excellent gas sensing properties were shown [4]. Lyu et al also showed that the thermal stabilities of mesoporous metal oxides were improved by introducing silicon-contained hybrid Gemini surfactants as a nano-propping agent [5].…”