Highly monodisperse sub-nanometer and nanometer Ru particles confined in alkali-exchanged zeolite Y for ammonia decomposition

Facet Engineering to Regulate Surface States of Topological Crystalline Insulator Bismuth Rhombic Dodecahedrons for Highly Energy Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

“…[21,43,44] We also have calculated the surface states of the ( 110 (16.4 meV), which would barely influence its effect on ECO 2 RR. In addition, no observable NH (3215 cm −1 ), [45] SH (2447 cm −1 ), [46] and CH (3000 cm −1 ) bonds can be detected in the transmittance infrared spectrum of Bi RDs (Figure S29, Supporting Information), [47] which indicates that the residual amount of surfactants on Bi RDs is very limited. Thus, the influence of surfactants on the surface states of Bi RDs can be neglected.…”

Ru-Based Catalysts for Ammonia Decomposition: A Mini-Review

“…Finally, through recombinative desorption of N* and H*, there is the release of N 2 and H 2 into the gas phase. To date, many supported catalysts (e.g., Ru-, Ni-, and Fe-based) and bulk catalysts (e.g., metal nitrides such as MoN, CoMoN, and metal imides) have been researched for ammonia decomposition. The Ru-based catalyst was found to be one of the most active and stable catalysts toward ammonia decomposition among the single-metal catalysts, as shown in Figure . , …”

Synergistic Catalysis of the Synthesis of Ammonia with Co-Based Catalysts and Plasma: From Nanoparticles to a Single Atom

“…10−12 Owing to the harsh conditions of the Haber−Bosch process, synthetic ammonia production corresponds to the consumption of 1−2% of the global annual energy supply. 11−13 Therefore, to achieve the synthesis of ammonia under mild conditions, researchers have investigated several processes, including biological nitrogenase catalysis, 14 thermal catalysis, 15,16 photocatalysis, 17 electrocatalysis, 18−22 and nonthermal plasma (NTP) catalysis. 23−27 Among these methods, plasma-assisted nonthermal catalysis is an emerging collaborative process that can activate and selectively convert various stable molecules [e.g., methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), and organic pollutants] into the desired product.…”

“…Nitrogen is one of the most important elements in biological molecules of plants and animals; it is commonly used as a raw material for the preparation of ammonia. Ammonia is one of the most widely used chemicals; it is often used to produce agricultural fertilizers and medicines. − In addition, owing to its high energy density, clean fuel characteristics, and high hydrogen storage characteristics, ammonia can also be used as a new hydrogen energy carrier with immense potential to replace automobile fuels. , Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere, accounting for ∼78%; it is difficult to directly fix nitrogen due to the high N–N triple bond energy of 940.95 kJ·mol –1 . − Therefore, the industrial conversion of nitrogen (N 2 ) to ammonia typically involves the Haber–Bosch process, which is performed at a high temperature and high pressure (350–550 °C, 15–35 MPa). − Owing to the harsh conditions of the Haber–Bosch process, synthetic ammonia production corresponds to the consumption of 1–2% of the global annual energy supply. − Therefore, to achieve the synthesis of ammonia under mild conditions, researchers have investigated several processes, including biological nitrogenase catalysis, thermal catalysis, , photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, − and nonthermal plasma (NTP) catalysis. − …”