Higher iron stores and the HFE 187C&gt;G variant delay onset of peripheral neuropathy during combination antiretroviral therapy

Background Many women of reproductive age experience adverse psychological and physiological premenstrual symptoms. These symptoms may last for most of the reproductive years and can negatively affect the quality of life of many women. Some studies have examined the role of micronutrients in premenstrual symptoms, but the research on iron has been limited. Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of genetic predictors of iron overload and low iron status on premenstrual symptoms using Mendelian randomization. Methods We examined 254 White females aged 20–29 y from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. DNA was isolated from peripheral white blood cells and genotyped for the homeostatic regulatory iron gene (HFE; rs1800562 and rs1799945), transmembrane protease serine 6 (TMPRSS6; rs482026), transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2; rs3811647), and transferrin (TF; rs738584) polymorphisms. Risk of iron overload or low iron status was determined based on combined genotypes. Binomial logistic regressions were carried out to examine the association between genetic risk of iron overload or low iron status and the presence of premenstrual symptoms. Results Compared with participants with typical risk of iron overload, those with an elevated risk of iron overload were less likely to experience premenstrual symptoms of confusion (OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.00), headaches (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.98), and nausea (OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.99) after adjusting for BMI, age, and vitamin C and calcium intake. No associations were seen with the other symptoms. There were also no associations between low iron status genotypes and premenstrual symptoms. Conclusions This Mendelian randomization study demonstrates that women with an elevated risk of iron overload may have a lower risk of experiencing some premenstrual symptoms (headache, confusion, and nausea), suggesting that iron status could impact the risk of certain premenstrual symptoms.

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Hematological Parameters and Iron Status in Adult Men and Women Using Altitude Adjusted and Unadjusted Hemoglobin Values for Anemia Diagnosis in Cusco, Peru (3400 MASL)

Alarcón-Yaquetto

Figueroa-Mujica

Valverde-Bruffau

et al. 2022

Physiologia

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(1) Background: Current diagnosis of anemia in high altitude populations uses an adjustment of observed hemoglobin (Hb) values. Such an approach has been challenged by findings in different populations in Tibet, Ethiopia and the Andes as inappropriate, as it might incorrectly classify an individual with complete iron stores as anemic. We aimed to assess the suitability of this approach in adult men and women from Cusco, Peru (3400 m); (2) Methods: Complete blood count and iron status biomarkers were measured in 345 subjects (189 females and 156 males), iron status biomarkers were quantified with enzyme-linked immunoassays; (3) Results: Anemia prevalence was overestimated when the altitude-adjustment factor was applied. Hematological parameters were better correlated to iron status biomarkers in the non-adjusted anemia category. When stratified by sex, only women showed a significant association between Hb and other hematological parameters with iron storage and availability (Hepcidin and TFR-F); (4) Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia is overestimated with current guidelines. The rate of anemia using non-adjusted Hb values is more closely related to the rates of anemia or iron deficiency when used hematological parameters, markers of iron status, and measurements of hepcidin and erythropoietin. Sex differences related to iron status were observed, suggesting that men are at a higher risk of iron overload than women at high altitudes. It could be highlighted that a personalized approach is important when assessing a subject, taking in to account hematological parameters as well as origin (Southern Andean or other).

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Higher iron stores and the HFE 187C>G variant delay onset of peripheral neuropathy during combination antiretroviral therapy

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with peripheral neuropathy susceptibility in people living with HIV in Greece

Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with peripheral neuropathy susceptibility in people living with HIV in Greece

Genetics of Iron Metabolism and Premenstrual Symptoms: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Hematological Parameters and Iron Status in Adult Men and Women Using Altitude Adjusted and Unadjusted Hemoglobin Values for Anemia Diagnosis in Cusco, Peru (3400 MASL)

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