High-Throughput Sequence-Based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Weanling Pigs Fed Genetically Modified MON810 Maize Expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab (Bt Maize) for 31 Days

Buzoianu, Stefan G.; Walsh, M. C.; Rea, Mary C.; O'Sullivan, Órla; Cotter, Paul D.; Ross, R. Paul; Gardiner, Gillian E.; Lawlor, Peadar G.

doi:10.1128/aem.00307-12

Cited by 46 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The Bt maize was found to have a 2.63 percentage units (as a percentage of dry matter) lower enzyme-resistant starch content and a 3.08 percentage units (as a percentage of dry matter) higher overall starch content than the non-GM maize. However, the values remained within the natural variability for maize varieties cited in the literature (13).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…As the maternal microbiota provides the inoculum for colonization of the offspring digestive tract (19), any effect that GM maize consumption may have on the intestinal microbiota of pregnant sows could affect the health and lifelong performance of their offspring. A number of studies have investigated the impact of Bt maize consumption on the intestinal microbiota of ruminants (11,12,30), and our group has evaluated its influence on the porcine microbiota (13,14). However, results from transgenerational studies are absent from the literature, and, to our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effects of GM maize on the intestinal microbiota of pregnant sows and their offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DNA was extracted from fecal samples of sows at day 110 of gestation and from fecal samples of offspring at weaning and day 100 postweaning and from offspring cecal samples at day 115 postweaning as described by Buzoianu et al (13). PCR amplification of the 239-bp V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, gel electrophoresis, amplicon quantification, and purification were performed as previously outlined by Buzoianu et al (13).…”

Section: Pig Feeding Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, while a number of studies have investigated the effects of Bt maize on the intestinal microbiota of ruminants (6,11,12), our group was the first to examine its impact on the porcine intestinal microbiota (13,14). Moreover, we were the first to employ highthroughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to determine if consumption of GM food/feed influences intestinal microbial communities.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sequence-Based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Sows and Their Offspring Fed Genetically Modified Maize Expressing a Truncated Form of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Protein (Bt Maize)

Buzoianu

Walsh

Rea

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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eThe aim was to investigate transgenerational effects of feeding genetically modified (GM) maize expressing a truncated form of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab protein (Bt maize) to sows and their offspring on maternal and offspring intestinal microbiota. Sows were assigned to either non-GM or GM maize dietary treatments during gestation and lactation. At weaning, offspring were assigned within sow treatment to non-GM or GM maize diets for 115 days, as follows: (i) non-GM maize-fed sow/non-GM maize-fed offspring (non-GM/non-GM), (ii) non-GM maize-fed sow/GM maize-fed offspring (non-GM/GM), (iii) GM maize-fed sow/non-GM maize-fed offspring (GM/non-GM), and (iv) GM maize-fed sow/GM maize-fed offspring (GM/GM). Offspring of GM maize-fed sows had higher counts of fecal total anaerobes and Enterobacteriaceae at days 70 and 100 postweaning, respectively. At day 115 postweaning, GM/non-GM offspring had lower ileal Enterobacteriaceae counts than non-GM/non-GM or GM/GM offspring and lower ileal total anaerobes than pigs on the other treatments. GM maize-fed offspring also had higher ileal total anaerobe counts than non-GM maize-fed offspring, and cecal total anaerobes were lower in non-GM/GM and GM/ non-GM offspring than in those from the non-GM/non-GM treatment. The only differences observed for major bacterial phyla using 16S rRNA gene sequencing were that fecal Proteobacteria were less abundant in GM maize-fed sows prior to farrowing and in offspring at weaning, with fecal Firmicutes more abundant in offspring. While other differences occurred, they were not observed consistently in offspring, were mostly encountered for low-abundance, low-frequency bacterial taxa, and were not associated with pathology. Therefore, their biological relevance is questionable. This confirms the lack of adverse effects of GM maize on the intestinal microbiota of pigs, even following transgenerational consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pig Feeding Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequence-Based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Sows and Their Offspring Fed Genetically Modified Maize Expressing a Truncated Form of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Protein (Bt Maize)

Buzoianu

Walsh

Rea

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Bifidobacterium, which is generally considered to be a healthpromoting organism, is ubiquitous in the human gut microbiota, but it was not detected in notable numbers either in the baseline samples or after fermentation, and it is reported to comprise a negligible portion of the pig intestinal microbiota (23,68,69). The importance of Bifidobacterium in the pig remains to be illuminated.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Prebiotics for Weaning Piglets: In Vitro Production and Fermentation of Potato Galacto-Rhamnogalacturonan

Strube

Ravn

Ingerslev

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) in pigs is a leading cause of economic loss in pork production worldwide. The current practice of using antibiotics and zinc to treat PWD is unsustainable due to the potential of antibiotic resistance and ecological disturbance, and novel methods are required. In this study, an in vitro model was used to test the possibility of producing prebiotic fiber in situ in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the piglet and the prebiotic activity of the resulting fiber in the terminal ileum. Soluble fiber was successfully produced from potato pulp, an industrial waste product, with the minimal enzyme dose in a simulated upper GI tract model extracting 26.9% of the initial dry matter. The fiber was rich in galactose and galacturonic acid and was fermented at 2.5, 5, or 10 g/liter in a glucose-free medium inoculated with the gut contents of piglet terminal ileum. Fermentations of 5 g/liter inulin or 5 g/liter of a purified potato fiber were used as controls. The fibers showed high fermentability, evident by a dose-dependent drop in pH and an increase in the organic acid content, with lactate in particular being increased. Deep sequencing showed a significant increase in the numbers of Lactobacillus and Veillonella organisms and an insignificant increase in the numbers of Clostridium organisms as well as a decrease in the numbers of Streptococcus organisms. Multivariate analysis showed clustering of the treatment groups, with the group treated with purified potato fiber being clearly separated from the other groups, as the microbiota composition was 60% Lactobacillus and almost free of Clostridium. For animal studies, a dosage corresponding to the 5-g/liter treatment is suggested.

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Modulation of cecal microbiota in laying hens via intake of genetically modified corn with the maroACC or mCry1Ac genes

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the chronic effect on the composition and proportions of the cecal microbiota of laying hens for 12 weeks after consuming two genetically modified (GM) corns containing the maroACC gene from the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain (CC) and the mCry1Ac gene from the Bacillus thuringiensis strain (BT) in comparison with the isogenic corn (CT). RESULTS: In total, 72 hens were randomly assigned to the CT corn-based diet, CC corn-based diet and BT corn-based diet. The absolute weights of abdominal fat, breast, thigh meat and organ weight were not affected by the dietary treatment. Highthroughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a few differences in the composition of cecal microbiota among the treatments. The only difference with respect to bacterial family was that the cecal abundance of Porphyromonadaceae (3.46 versus 2.11%; P = 0.073) tended to be higher for birds consuming the CC diet than those birds consuming the CT diet. Birds fed the BT diet tended to have a higher abundance of Barnesiella (0.62 versus 0.13%; P = 0.057) and a lower abundance of unclassified Ruminococcaceae (0.64 versus 1.19%; P = 0.097) than those fed the CT diet. Considering beneficial intestinal Barnesiella, this decreases and ultimately clears the colonization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. The unclassified Ruminococcaceae was a low-frequency and low-abundance bacterial taxa and was not associated with intestinal pathology. CONCLUSION: These results indicate a similar modulation of cecal microbiota in laying hens by long-term feeding among transgenic CC corn, BT corn and non-transgenic corn and provide data for biosafety evaluation of the transgenic corn.

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High-Throughput Sequence-Based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Weanling Pigs Fed Genetically Modified MON810 Maize Expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab (Bt Maize) for 31 Days

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

Sequence-Based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Sows and Their Offspring Fed Genetically Modified Maize Expressing a Truncated Form of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Protein (Bt Maize)

Sequence-Based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Sows and Their Offspring Fed Genetically Modified Maize Expressing a Truncated Form of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Protein (Bt Maize)

In Situ Prebiotics for Weaning Piglets: In Vitro Production and Fermentation of Potato Galacto-Rhamnogalacturonan

Modulation of cecal microbiota in laying hens via intake of genetically modified corn with the maroACC or mCry1Ac genes

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