High-speed algorithm for renewable energy based microgrid fault detection and protective coordination

Hassan, Hashim; Fu, Qiang; Bharavaju, Vijay; Yang, Yi; Grainger, Brandon M.

doi:10.1109/ecce.2017.8095827

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This figure shows that the detectable space contains large values of fault impedances and numerically demonstrates the strength of this detection method. This demonstrates that the approach can overcome the distributed load issue in [29]. of cable length (from load side) with a different fault resistance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A unique solution that does not fit within the general category of fault identifying techniques listed thus far is found in [29], which makes use of the phase change that is established between measured current and voltage during faults (with loads located on the main bus). With distributed loads (located between the generation and the protection relay) in the system, this method can fail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model-Based Fault Detection of Inverter-Based Microgrids and a Mathematical Framework to Analyze and Avoid Nuisance Tripping and Blinding Scenarios

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Traditional protection methods such as over-current or under-voltage methods are unreliable in inverter-based microgrid applications. This is primarily due to low fault current levels because of power electronic interfaces to the distributed energy resources (DER), and IEEE1547 low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT) requirements for renewables in microgrids. However, when faults occur in a microgrid feeder, system changes occur which manipulate the internal circuit structure altering the system dynamic relationships. This observation establishes the basis for a proposed, novel, model-based, communication-free fault detection technique for inverter-based microgrids. The method can detect faults regardless of the fault current level and the microgrid mode of operation. The approach utilizes fewer measurements to avoid the use of a communication system. Protecting the microgrid without communication channels could lead to blinding (circuit breakers not tripping for faults) or nuisance tripping (tripping incorrectly). However, these events can be avoided with proper system design, specifically with appropriately sized system impedance. Thus, a major contribution of this article is the development of a mathematical framework to analyze and avoid blinding and nuisance tripping scenarios by quantifying the bounds of the proposed fault detection technique. As part of this analysis, the impedance based constraints for microgrid system feeders are included. The performance of the proposed technique is demonstrated in the MATLAB/SIMULINK (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA) simulation environment on a representative microgrid architecture showing that the proposed technique can detect faults for a wide range of load impedances and fault impedances.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Based Fault Detection of Inverter-Based Microgrids and a Mathematical Framework to Analyze and Avoid Nuisance Tripping and Blinding Scenarios

et al. 2018

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“…Traditionally, rotating machines in the bulk power system have provided enough inertia to result in fault currents that are more than five or six times nominal current. Typical circuit protection schemes are designed to act on this high and long lasting fault current [1], [2]. However, with the growing trend of increased penetration of renewable energy, energy storage and microgrids, power electronic based systems are becoming more widely utilized on the grid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Adding equipment to the system to modify microgrid quantities, like system phase angles, to enable use of traditional protection [1], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The change in phase difference between voltage and current in a specific microgrid system scenario is proposed as a fault indicator in [1], and is used to develop a fault detection and fault direction algorithm with additional signal measurements and hardware. In [5], a method using wavelet transformation and Park's vector approach is proposed to achieve microgrid fault detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fault Detection in Inverter-Based Microgrids Utilizing a Nonlinear Observer

Carnovale¹

2021

2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT Europe)

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Traditionally, rotating machines in the bulk power system have provided enough inertia to result in fault currents that are more than five or six times nominal current. Typical circuit protection schemes are designed to act on this high and long lasting fault current.However, with the growing trend of increased penetration of renewable energy, energy storage and microgrids, power electronic based systems are becoming more widely utilized on the grid. In heavily inverter-based power systems, the difference between nominal currents and short circuit fault currents is minimal due to reduced system inertia which altogether makes fault detection difficult. In this research, a model-based approach that utilizes the assumed dynamics of a grid-tied inverter along with a nonlinear observer is proposed to detect system abnormalities and faults. The goal of this observer is to provide insight into unmodelled signatures present in the system. These signatures in turn can be utilized to identify faults in the system creating a detection scheme. Most importantly, this method requires no additional sensors other than those required by the grid-tied inverter which is a key advantage over many proposed solutions in literature. Through use of the PSCAD simulation environment, a two-inverter system model was developed to reproduce the types of low fault currents described. Line-to-ground and line-to-line faults were then observed and detected at multiple fault locations with the proposed observer to assess its effectiveness of identifying faults in these fault scenarios.

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New Overcurrent Relay Coordination Method Through Time Intervals to Enhance Microgrid Protection

Gonzalez

Enrı́quez

2021

IEEE Access

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This paper presents a method to protect microgrids (MGs) through coordination of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs). The new formulation is subjected to restrictions of pre-established time intervals to guarantee the primary and backup functions of each relay. This coordination criterion has advantages over the conventional coordination because functional independence between the relays is achieved. It is only necessary to update the setting in the relays affected by contingencies, topological changes, or during the formation of islands. The use of non-conventional curves is considered to give the flexibility necessary to meet the time intervals at each required location. Based on the results, the proposed coordination method reduces the operation time of the relays compared with that under the conventional coordination method in the power systems studied. Further simplification in the relay adjustment process under the different contingencies studied was obtained, which improved under the various operating conditions in the test systems.

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High-speed algorithm for renewable energy based microgrid fault detection and protective coordination

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Model-Based Fault Detection of Inverter-Based Microgrids and a Mathematical Framework to Analyze and Avoid Nuisance Tripping and Blinding Scenarios

Model-Based Fault Detection of Inverter-Based Microgrids and a Mathematical Framework to Analyze and Avoid Nuisance Tripping and Blinding Scenarios

Fault Detection in Inverter-Based Microgrids Utilizing a Nonlinear Observer

New Overcurrent Relay Coordination Method Through Time Intervals to Enhance Microgrid Protection

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