High-spatiotemporal-resolution ship emission inventory of China based on AIS data in 2014

Chen, Dongsheng; Wang, Xiaotong; Li, Yue; Zhou, Ying; Guo, Xulin; Zhao, Yuhui

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.051

Cited by 121 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, the proportion of ship SO2 emissions of YRD region accounting for the whole China in 15 this study is consistent with the 30%-37% in the other studies (Chen et al, 2017a;Chen et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2018b;Lv et al, 2018) More than 60% of annual emissions of SO2 from ships in the YRD occurred inland or within 12 NM of shore, where 75.0% of the NOx emissions and 48.4% of the PM2.5 emissions from ships occurred ( Table 2). Similar results were obtained in a study in the PRD in 2016 (Liu et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Shipping Emissions In Yrd Regionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The influence of spatiality on shipping emissions, air quality and potential human exposure in Yangtze River Delta/Shanghai, China

Feng¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the megacity of Shanghai are host to one of the busiest port clusters in the world, the region also suffers from high levels of air pollution. The goal of this study was to estimate the contributions of shipping to emissions, air quality, and population exposure and characterize their dependence on the geographic spatiality of ship lanes from the regional scale to city scale for 2015. The WRF-CMAQ model was used to simulate the influence of coastal and inland-water shipping, in port emissions, shipping-related cargo transport on air quality and, population-weighted concentrations, a measure of human exposure. Our results showed that the impact of shipping on air quality in the YRD was attributable primarily to shipping emissions within 12&#8201;NM of shore, but emissions coming from the coastal area of 24 to 96&#8201;NM still contributed substantially to ship-related PM2.5 concentrations in YRD. The overall contribution of ships to PM2.5 concentration in YRD could reach to 4.62&#8201;&#956;g/m3 in summer when monsoon winds transport shipping emissions onshore. In Shanghai city, inland-water going ships were major contributors (40&#8211;80&#8201;%) to the shipping impact on urban air quality. Given the proximity of inland-water ships to urban populations of Shanghai, the emissions of inland-water ships contributed more to population-weighted concentrations. These research results provide scientific evidence to inform policies for controlling future shipping emissions; in particular, stricter standards could be considered for the ships on inland rivers and other waterways close to residential regions.

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Section: Shipping Emissions In Yrd Regionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The influence of spatiality on shipping emissions, air quality and potential human exposure in Yangtze River Delta/Shanghai, China

Feng¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…The input data of the modeling system are described as follows: Emission data. The emission data used in this study include: (1) land-based emissions extracted from the the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory of China [61][62][63][64][65], (2) ship emissions extracted from the a high-spatiotemporal-resolution ship emission inventory in China developed by Chen et al [60], (3) biomass burning emissions reported by Zhou et al [66], and (4) biogenic emissions that were calculated online using the WRF Preprocessing System (WPS), based on the United States Geological Survey (USGS) land-use classification. In this study, the emission data with a temporal resolution of 1 hour was used to meet the requirements of the air quality model.…”

Section: Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To fill this knowledge gap, a sea breeze episode that occurred in Tangshan port (the third largest port in China in terms of cargo throughput [58]) in the summer of 2014 was selected as the target period to investigate the influence of sea breezes on the evolution of ship emissions. The Weather Research and Forecast model, coupled with the Chemistry (WRF/Chem) modeling system [59], was employed based on a ship emission inventory with a high temporal-spatial resolution [60]. The results of this study may serve as a reference to further our understanding of how ship emissions impact the air quality during sea breeze episodes, thereby formulating standards and policies that are more effective for the abatement of ship emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Sea Breeze Circulation on the Transport of Ship Emissions in Tangshan Port, China

et al. 2019

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A sea breeze is a local circulation that occurs in coastal regions from the poles to the equator. The adverse influence of ship emissions on air quality in coastal areas may be aggravated by the onshore flow of sea breeze circulation. However, our knowledge regarding the evolution of ship-emitted pollutants during a specific sea breeze episode is still limited. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated the evolution of ship emissions during a sea breeze episode that occurred on 29 June, 2014 in Tangshan port in China by employing the WRF/Chem model. NO2, one of the primary pollutants emitted by ships, was selected as the target pollutant for investigation. The results indicate that the ground level NO2 concentration was considerably affected by sea breeze circulation. Although the onset of the sea breeze was delayed until nearly midday due to offshore synoptic winds, ship-emitted NO2 was transported to more than 100 km inland with the penetration of the sea breeze. Further investigation found that the averaged concentration of ship-contributed NO2 during the episode showed an evident downward trend as the distance from the coastline increased. Vertically, the shallow atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) on the sea limited the vertical dispersion of ship emissions, and the pollutant was transported shoreward by the sea breeze within this shallow ABL. The height of the ABLs is lowered in coastal regions due to the cooling effect of sea breezes which brings the cool marine air to the hot land surface. Ship-contributed NO2 was mostly trapped in the shallow ABL; thereby, its concentration increased.

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“…It was obtained that the total ship emissions from 37,150 voyages in 2007 were 1035 tonnes, accounting for 16% of the total emissions of PM 10 . In the study [18], a comprehensive national-scale ship emission inventory was developed for the first time, with 0.005 • × 0.005 • resolution for China, using the bottom-up methodology based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) information from the full year of 2014. Results show that the total estimated maritime emissions for China in 2014 were 1.807 × 10 5 t (PM 10 ), 1.665 × 10 5 t (PM 2.5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Marine Traffic on Particulate Matter (PM) Levels in the Region of Danish Straits, North and Baltic Seas

2018

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The aim of the study was to determine air pollution over the sea surface (North Sea and Baltic Sea) compared to the situation in ports, as well as to examine the impact of ships on the level of particulate matter (PM) concentration. The measurements, made during the two-week cruise of the tall ship Fryderyk Chopin, demonstrated that the principal source of PM emission over the sea surface are passing ships equipped with internal combustion engines, including quite numerous units powered by marine oil. The highest pollution levels were observed in locations distant from the coast, with increasing concentrations when other ships were approaching. During the cruise, at least two places were identified with increased PM concentration (18–28 μg/m3 for PM10 and 15–25 μg/m3 for PM2.5) caused by passing ships. The share of PM2.5 fraction in the general PM concentration in these places increased from 70–72% to 82–85%, which means that combustion emission dominated. In turn, measurements made in ports (Copenhagen and Kołobrzeg) showed lower levels of air pollution and indicated a typical variability of the PM concentrations characteristic for land areas. The results confirm the need for determining suitable solutions for sustainable sea transport.

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High-spatiotemporal-resolution ship emission inventory of China based on AIS data in 2014

Cited by 121 publications

References 28 publications

The influence of spatiality on shipping emissions, air quality and potential human exposure in Yangtze River Delta/Shanghai, China

The influence of spatiality on shipping emissions, air quality and potential human exposure in Yangtze River Delta/Shanghai, China

Impact of Sea Breeze Circulation on the Transport of Ship Emissions in Tangshan Port, China

The Influence of Marine Traffic on Particulate Matter (PM) Levels in the Region of Danish Straits, North and Baltic Seas

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