High Serum S100B Levels for Trauma Patients without Head Injuries

Anderson, R. E.; Settergren, G.; Hansson, Lars‐Olof

doi:10.1097/00006123-200112000-00056

Cited by 55 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In our group the mean interval between injury and blood sampling was 1.8 h and in the S100B)/ CCT+ subgroup 3.1 h. Inspite of an intermediate mean time span from trauma to blood drawing in the S100B)/CCT+ subgroup; rapid elimination of S100B from serum, with a mean half-life of 97 min, might lower its value below the cut off point [24,25]. Extracranial injuries can elevate S100B concentration significantly [10,[26][27][28]. Increased levels are seen in serious injuries (ISS > 15) as well as in minor ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Serum S100B protein in early management of patients after mild traumatic brain injury

Morochovič¹,

Rácz

Kitka³

et al. 2009

Euro J of Neurology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Serum S100B protein in early management of patients after mild traumatic brain injury

Morochovič¹,

Rácz

Kitka³

et al. 2009

Euro J of Neurology

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“…"; "when serum S100B, after a trauma, has a prognostic value?" [62][63][64][65]. All authors agree, however, with regard to the extracerebral sources of serum S100B, particularly in the case of brain traumatism or cardiac surgery, where an increment during the first 12 h has a low predictive value of outcome [66][67][68].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Biological and methodological features of the measurement of S100B, a putative marker of brain injury

Gonçalves

Leite

Nardin

2008

Clinical Biochemistry

226

169

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“…The secretion of the protein and, in any case, its participation in pathogenic events, would offer new and interesting perspectives in both pathogenic and therapeutic terms. Some studies have indicated an extra-cerebral source for blood S100B both in trauma patients and in experimental models of trauma, where S100B was increased even in the absence of head injuries (Anderson et al 2001a;Pelinka et al 2003a,b). An extracerebral source of serum S100B was also found during cardiac surgery, leading to the proposal that fat, muscle or bone marrow may be the origin of the protein (Anderson et al 2001b;Missler et al 2002).…”

Section: S100b In Perinatal Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

The S100B protein in biological fluids: more than a lifelong biomarker of brain distress

Michetti

Corvino

Geloso

et al. 2012

Journal of Neurochemistry

207

144

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The S100B protein was identified in the mid-1960s as a protein fraction which -on the basis of chromatographic and electrophoretic methods available at that time -was detectable in the brain but not in non-neural extracts, and was named S100 because of its solubility in a 100% saturated solution with ammonium sulphate (Moore 1965). At present, owing to the discovery of a series of proteins exhibiting structural similarities, the term S100 is used to embrace a multigenic family of mostly dimeric calcium-binding proteins comprising more than 20 members with different degrees of homology to each other at the amino acid level, and representing the largest subgroup within the EF-hand superfamily. The genes encoding the majority of human S100 proteins are organized in a cluster within the chromosomal region 1q21, while some genes coding individual S100 proteins are located in other chromosomal regions, including 21q22 where, in particular, the gene for the S100B protein is located. Each monomer is approximately 10-12 kDa and is characterized by two calcium-binding regions, each comprising two alpha helices with an intervening calcium-binding loop forming a conserved pentagonal arrangement around the calcium ion (EF-hand motif).The binding of calcium to EF-hand domains triggers conformational changes that allow interactions with other proteins, so Abstract S100B is a calcium-binding protein concentrated in glial cells, although it has also been detected in definite extra-neural cell types. Its biological role is still debated. When secreted, S100B is believed to have paracrine/autocrine trophic effects at physiological concentrations, but toxic effects at higher concentrations. Elevated S100B levels in biological fluids (CSF, blood, urine, saliva, amniotic fluid) are thus regarded as a biomarker of pathological conditions, including perinatal brain distress, acute brain injury, brain tumors, neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative disorders, psychiatric disorders. In the majority of these conditions, high S100B levels offer an indicator of cell damage when standard diagnostic procedures are still silent. The key question remains as to whether S100B is merely leaked from injured cells or is released in concomitance with both physiological and pathological conditions, participating at high concentrations in the events leading to cell injury. In this respect, S100B levels in biological fluids have been shown to increase in physiological conditions characterized by stressful physical and mental activity, suggesting that it may be physiologically regulated and raised during conditions of stress, with a putatively active role. This possibility makes this protein a candidate not only for a biomarker but also for a potential therapeutic target.

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High Serum S100B Levels for Trauma Patients without Head Injuries

Cited by 55 publications

References 2 publications

Serum S100B protein in early management of patients after mild traumatic brain injury

Serum S100B protein in early management of patients after mild traumatic brain injury

Biological and methodological features of the measurement of S100B, a putative marker of brain injury

The S100B protein in biological fluids: more than a lifelong biomarker of brain distress

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