High Selectivity cum Yield Gel Electrophoresis Separation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using a Chemically Selective Polymer Dispersant

Mesgari, Sara; Poon, Yin Fun; Yan, Liang; Chen, Yuan; Loo, Leslie S.; Thong, Ya Xuan; Chan‐Park, Mary B.

doi:10.1021/jp211562p

Cited by 33 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…31,36 The top and bottom gel fractions containing the puried semiconducting and metallic-enriched SWNTs, respectively, were degraded in 10% nitric acid at 80 C for 18 h followed by a basic wash (1 M NaOH) to remove the agarose gel. The agarose gel solution was then melted in a microwave oven and used to ll the gel container (0.3 cm Â 20 cm Â 20 cm plate container) of the gel electrophoresis apparatus (PROTEAN II XI, Bio Rad Laboratories, Singapore) up to about 2/3 of its height.…”

Section: Gel Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 The preferential attack on metallic nanotubes by the resulting radicals may be combined with other separation techniques to improve the yield and/or purity. 30,31 The separation effectiveness of AGE appears to be affected by the surfactants used; sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) 30 and chondroitin sulfate (CS-A) 31 are the only surfactants reported to result in considerable separation with AGE. 30,31 The separation effectiveness of AGE appears to be affected by the surfactants used; sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) 30 and chondroitin sulfate (CS-A) 31 are the only surfactants reported to result in considerable separation with AGE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gel electrophoresis using a selective radical for the separation of single-walled carbon nanotubes

et al. 2014

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We have applied agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) that have been pre-reacted with metallic-selective ionic radicals and then re-suspended with sodium cholate (SC) surfactant to obtain highly purified (up to 98%) semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWNTs). The proposed combination method exploits the preferential reactivity with the metallic nanotube of the radicals generated from an azo naphthalene compound (Direct Blue 71(I)) to preferentially increase the surface charge, and therefore the electrophoretic mobilities, of the metallic nanotube population under the influence of the electric field in AGE. The excellent separation achieved was verified by UV-vis-NIR and Raman spectroscopy as well as by the performance of field effect transistors fabricated with semiconducting-enriched SWNTs. FETs fabricated with -assisted AGE-separated semiconducting nanotubes exhibited mobilities of ∼3.6 to 11.7 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and on/off ratios from 10(2) to 10(6).

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Section: Gel Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel electrophoresis using a selective radical for the separation of single-walled carbon nanotubes

et al. 2014

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“…On the other hand, nanoparticles modified with desired ligand molecules having particular functional groups can be sorted by controlling the number of the ligand molecules . Thus, it is necessary to develop efficient separation methods for the characterization of metal nanoparticles .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophoretic separation of gold nanoparticles according to bifunctional molecules‐induced charge and size

Kim

Jang

2013

Electrophoresis

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Gold nanospheres modified with bifunctional molecules have been separated and characterized by using agarose gel electrophoresis as well as optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The electrophoretic mobility of a gold nanosphere capped with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) has been found to depend on the number of MUA molecules per gold nanosphere, indicating that it increases with the surface charge of the nanoparticle. The extinction spectrum of gold nanospheres capped with MUA at an MUA molecules per gold nanosphere value of 1000 and connected via 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) decreases by 33% in magnitude and shifts to the red as largely as 22 nm with the increase of the molar ratio of HDT to MUA (R(HM)). Gold nanospheres capped with MUA and connected via HDT have been separated successfully using gel electrophoresis and characterized by measuring reflectance spectra of discrete electrophoretic bands directly in the gel and by monitoring transmission electron microscope images of gold nanoparticles collected from the discrete bands. Electrophoretic mobility has been found to decrease substantially with the increment of HDT to MUA, indicating that the size of aggregated gold nanoparticles increases with the concentration of HDT.

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“…SWNTs thereby can be separated into two parts, metallic fraction and semiconducting fraction. Mesgari et al [23] have made an improvement of AGE method to increase the purity and yield of s-SWNTs by using chondroitin sulfate instead of SDS as a dispersant. Beyond this way, noncovalent wrap of SWNTs by conjugated polymer is another promising method to separate SWNTs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorting Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Water‐Soluble Polyfluorene Assisted Electrophoresis and Its Application in Field‐effect Transistors

Zhu

Wang

2015

Chin. J. Chem.

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We report a considerably promising method based on agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) to separate singlewalled carbon nanotubes by adding a water-soluble polyfluorene (w-PFO) as surfactant into the agarose gel. In this effective method, the AGE/w-PFO gel network will trap more semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with the assistance of w-PFO, for the strong interaction between w-PFO and semiconducting species. The optical absorbance, photoluminescence emission and resonant Raman scattering characterization were used to verify the separation effect. The purity of separated semiconducting species is as high as (98±1)%. The demonstrated field effect transistors give the on/off ratio and mobility about 27000 and 10.2 cm 2 •V −1•s −1 , respectively.Keywords agarose gel electrophoresis, field effect transistors, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes, water-soluble polyfluorene IntroductionSingle-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to the unique structure.[1] Their extraordinary mechanical, chemical and electronic properties make them potentially suitable for a wide range of applications such as the field effect transistors (FETs), chemical sensors, logic circuits and transparent electrodes and emitter of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. [2][3][4][5][6] Particularly, the high charge-carrier mobility of semiconducting SWNTs has a promising prospect for FETs. [7] However, SWNTs are generally produced as a mixture of semiconducting SWNTs (s-SWNTs) and metallic SWNTs (m-SWNTs) which is a barrier for the application in electronic fields. Although some research has been done to directly synthesize chiral selective nanotubes, the purity and yield of s-SWNTs are not satisfied. [8,9] In order to gain pure and scalable s-SWNTs, separation of raw carbon nanotube materials is still an optimal choice until now.In the last decade, various techniques have been developed to separate semiconducting SWNTs, such as polymer wrapping, density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU), sephacryl gel-based chromatography, agarose gel, two-phase separation, etc. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Each of these techniques is able to separate SWNTs into metallic and semiconducting species in different level of success. In spite of their promises, each method has its own limited capability to scale up or requires a complex process of removing the surfactants or polymers. For example, Tanaka et al. [22] showed that agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) can be used to separate metallic from semiconducting nanotubes effectively using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the dispersant. The article reported that under the effect of electrophoresis, SWNTs wrapped with SDS have different level of interaction with gel, in which m-SWNTs migrated toward the anode faster than s-SWNTs. SWNTs thereby can be separated into two parts, metallic fraction and semiconducting fraction. Mesgari et al. [23] have made an improvement of AGE method to increase the purity and yield of s-S...

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High Selectivity cum Yield Gel Electrophoresis Separation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using a Chemically Selective Polymer Dispersant

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Gel electrophoresis using a selective radical for the separation of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Gel electrophoresis using a selective radical for the separation of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Electrophoretic separation of gold nanoparticles according to bifunctional molecules‐induced charge and size

Sorting Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Water‐Soluble Polyfluorene Assisted Electrophoresis and Its Application in Field‐effect Transistors

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