2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.10.038
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High-power sodium titanate anodes; a comparison of lithium vs sodium-ion batteries

Abstract: Sodium titanate nanopowder (nominal formula Na1.5H0.5Ti3O7) is directly synthesized using a continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis process using a relatively low base concentration (4 M NaOH) in process. The as-made titanate nanomaterials are characterised using powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, and transmission electron microscopy, evaluated as potential electrode materials for Li-ion and Na-io… Show more

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Cited by 32 publications
(19 citation statements)
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References 85 publications
(125 reference statements)
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“…Under ambient alkali conditions, NaO 23 TiO 2 formed on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 as nanobelts, which sat between MXene layers like filling in a sandwich (Figure a), preventing agglomeration and allowing a capacity comparable to the theoretical capacity of sodium titanate (178 mAh g −1 ) to be retained after 4000 cycles at 5 A g −1 . Other sodium titanates have previously exhibited pseudocapacitive energy storage mechanisms, and so it should be no surprise that electrochemical tests of NaO 23 TiO 2 /Ti 3 C 2 produced results similar to those of pristine Ti 3 C 2 T X (Figure c, e). However, the composite does show improved capacity and cycling stability compared to both its individual components; an improvement which could be attributed to the high ion accessibility and prevention of volume expansion that are afforded by the composite's unique morphology (discussed further in Section 4 of this review).…”
Section: Li‐ion Batteriesmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Under ambient alkali conditions, NaO 23 TiO 2 formed on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 as nanobelts, which sat between MXene layers like filling in a sandwich (Figure a), preventing agglomeration and allowing a capacity comparable to the theoretical capacity of sodium titanate (178 mAh g −1 ) to be retained after 4000 cycles at 5 A g −1 . Other sodium titanates have previously exhibited pseudocapacitive energy storage mechanisms, and so it should be no surprise that electrochemical tests of NaO 23 TiO 2 /Ti 3 C 2 produced results similar to those of pristine Ti 3 C 2 T X (Figure c, e). However, the composite does show improved capacity and cycling stability compared to both its individual components; an improvement which could be attributed to the high ion accessibility and prevention of volume expansion that are afforded by the composite's unique morphology (discussed further in Section 4 of this review).…”
Section: Li‐ion Batteriesmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…6). The analyzed methods for the synthesis of nanostructures of active metal titanates are successfully applied in [58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. In [58], sodium titanate nanopowder (nominal formula Na 1.5 H 0.5 Ti 3 O 7 ) was directly synthesized using a continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis process with the help of a relatively low base concentration (4 M NaOH) in the process.…”
Section: Methods Of Synthesizing Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 and Obtaining Nanotubementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The analyzed methods for the synthesis of nanostructures of active metal titanates are successfully applied in [58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. In [58], sodium titanate nanopowder (nominal formula Na 1.5 H 0.5 Ti 3 O 7 ) was directly synthesized using a continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis process with the help of a relatively low base concentration (4 M NaOH) in the process. The as-made titanate nanomaterials were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and transmission electron microscopy to evaluate results as potential electrode materials for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries.…”
Section: Methods Of Synthesizing Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 and Obtaining Nanotubementioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, large SSA always tends to the excessive consumption of cathodes/electrolyte, resulting in low initial Coulombic efficiency or even reducing the energy density in full cell configurations . In addition, various morphology carbonaceous anodes such as hollow microsphere, nanospheres, nanosheets, nanorods, nanofibers, and graphene possess poor reversible capacities of no more than 300 mAh g −1 , which is far from meeting the requirements of advanced electric‐mobile‐devices. Hence, the attentions are gradually diverted to heteroatom doping owing to multiple heteroatom can effectively regulate the physicochemical properties of carbonaceous anodes, including electronegativity, electronic conductivity, and hydrophilicity .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%