High level of lactate dehydrogenase and ischaemia–reperfusion injury regulate the multiple organ dysfunction in patients with COVID-19

Ashraf, Ayesha; Liaquat, Afrose; Shabbir, Sana; Bokhari, Syed Ali Imran; Tariq, Zainab; Furrukh, Zainab; Raja, Afraz Ahmad; Khan, Muhammad Jadoon

doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2022-141573

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…16 In individuals with COVID-19, gender is a significant risk factor for disease severity and mortality. 17 According to a retrospective study, males and females were equally susceptible, but males were more likely to die and made up around 2.4 times more compared to females among deceased patients. 18 In contrast to global examinations, females were less impacted by COVID-19 in Pakistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in the least developed province Balochistan of Pakistan – an observational descriptive study

Sabir¹,

Sabir

Banaras

et al. 2023

J Public Hlth Dev

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This study was designed to determine the epidemiological and clinical attributes of COVID-19 patients in the least developed province of Balochistan, Pakistan. The information was obtained from the daily situation report by the Health Department, Government of Balochistan, Pakistan. We investigated the reports of 4177 patients confirmed by RT-PCR tests. Demographic, epidemiological and risk factors data along with comorbidities and clinical signs were recorded. Out of 4500 suspected cases, 4177 cases were directed for the confirmation of COVID-19. A sum of 2177 patients was confirmed to have COVID-19 and 2000 individuals tested negative for the illness. Out of 4177 patients, 2000 patients recovered but 177 patients died because of COVID-19. In current statistics, most males were affected by COVID-19 as 3243 (77.69%) were males and 934 (22.36%) were females. A total of 90.81% of individuals had fever, 88.97% had a cough, 81% had body throbs, and 89.66% had a sore throat. Shortness of breath was observed in 97.06% and 44.09 % had comorbidity. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the outcome of patients was associated with gender and symptoms. The district Quetta had the maximum number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. COVID-19 cases and case casualty proportion are low in Balochistan. Whether this is because of failure to do more tests is still to be discovered. Males and individuals of older age are more impacted, and fatalities were higher in cases with co-morbid conditions. Balochistan has a feeble medical care framework and many asymptomatic cases, and needs more rigid screening activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in the least developed province Balochistan of Pakistan – an observational descriptive study

Sabir¹,

Sabir

Banaras

et al. 2023

J Public Hlth Dev

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“…Although a high CRP was observed in the death group compared with the survival group, LDH was selected by LASSO regression as an important feature instead of CRP. It is widely thought that the LDH concentration is a useful marker in evaluating the prognosis of different types of pneumonia, such as pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and community-acquired pneumonia, and a significant correlation between LDH and CRP in COVID-19 has been documented ( Ashraf et al., 2022 ). We also observed a moderate correlation between LDH and CRP (r=0.562), which might explain why the lasso model did not recognize CRP as an important feature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An early novel prognostic model for predicting 80-day survival of patients with COVID-19

Chen

Gong²,

He³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had an unprecedented impact worldwide, and it is of great significance to predict the prognosis of patients for guiding clinical management. This study aimed to construct a nomogram to predict the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Clinical records and laboratory results were retrospectively reviewed for 331 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Huangshi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (Infectious Disease Hospital) and Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. All COVID-19 patients were followed up for 80 days, and the primary outcome was defined as patient death. Cases were randomly divided into training (n=199) and validation (n=132) groups. Based on baseline data, we used statistically significant prognostic factors to construct a nomogram and assessed its performance. The patients were divided into Death (n=23) and Survival (n=308) groups. Analysis of clinical characteristics showed that these patients presented with fever (n=271, 81.9%), diarrhea (n=20, 6.0%) and had comorbidities (n=89, 26.9.0%). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, UREA and LDH were independent risk factors for predicting 80-day survival of COVID-19 patients. We constructed a qualitative nomogram with high C-indexes (0.933 and 0.894 in the training and validation groups, respectively). The calibration curve for 80-day survival showed optimal agreement between the predicted and actual outcomes. Decision curve analysis revealed the high clinical net benefit of the nomogram. Overall, our nomogram could effectively predict the 80-day survival of COVID-19 patients and hence assist in providing optimal treatment and decreasing mortality rates.

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“…It was also suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a high risk for thrombotic complications, including the acute limb ischemia (ALI) [48]. Ashraf et al [49] linked ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury to multiple organ damage by SARS-CoV-2, suggesting COVID-19 may cause a reduction in oxygen towards an organ, which leads to IR injury.…”

Section: Pharmacogenomic Analyses Of Ivermectin and The Selected 6 An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenomic Landscape of Ivermectin and Selective Antioxidants: Exploring Gene Interplay in the Context of Long COVID

Yang,

Singh

2023

IJMS

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COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread panic and fear among the global population. As such, repurposing drugs are being used as viable therapeutic options due to the limited effective treatments for Long COVID symptoms. Ivermectin is one of the emerging repurposed drugs that has been shown effective to have antiviral effects in clinical trials. In addition, antioxidant compounds are also gaining attention due to their capabilities of reducing inflammation and severity of symptoms. Due to the absence of knowledge in pharmacogenomics and modes of actions in the human body for these compounds, this study aims to provide a pharmacogenomic profile for the combination of ivermectin and six selected antioxidants (epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), curcumin, sesamin, anthocyanins, quercetin, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC)) as potentially effective regimens for long COVID symptoms. Results showed that there were 12 interacting genes found among the ivermectin, 6 antioxidants, and COVID-19. For network pharmacology, the 12 common interacting genes/proteins had the highest associations with Pertussis pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and colorectal cancer in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Disease analyses also revealed that the top three relevant diseases with COVID-19 infections were diabetes mellitus, ischemia, reperfusion injury. We also identified 6 potential target microRNAs (miRNAs) of the 12 commonly curated genes used as molecular biomarkers for COVID-19 treatments. The established pharmacogenomic network, disease analyses, and identified miRNAs could facilitate developments of effective regimens for chronic sequelae of COVID-19 especially in this post-pandemic era. However, further studies and clinical trials are needed to substantiate the effectiveness and dosages for COVID-19 treatments.

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High level of lactate dehydrogenase and ischaemia–reperfusion injury regulate the multiple organ dysfunction in patients with COVID-19

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in the least developed province Balochistan of Pakistan – an observational descriptive study

Demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in the least developed province Balochistan of Pakistan – an observational descriptive study

An early novel prognostic model for predicting 80-day survival of patients with COVID-19

Pharmacogenomic Landscape of Ivermectin and Selective Antioxidants: Exploring Gene Interplay in the Context of Long COVID

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